Most of the increase in total health care expenditures in the past 40 years can be explained by
| | increased real wages of physicians. |
| | increased real wages of non-physician health care personnel. |
| | increased number of non-physician health care personnel. |
| | decreased number of physicians combined with increased demand for physicians. |
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Question 21 pts
It is unlikely that health care industry employment will fall significantly during a recession because
| | employment in health care does not respond to economic fluctuations. |
| | employment in health care lags economic downturns because of fix contracts. |
| | employers will hire more part time employees. |
| | employment in health care moves up and down with economic fluctuations. |
Development of financial institutions and effective medical technology are the only reasons Dr. Getzen gives as determinants of growth in the health care sector of the economy.
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According to the text, medical care expenditures increased from the Agricultural Age to the Industrial Age. At the end of the Agricultural Age, almost all expenditures on health care were driven by the 2% of the population that was wealthy. Greater equality of income and wealth distribution in the Industrial Age helped support the increase in medical expenditures.
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Question 91 pts
The Malthusian hypothesis
| | assumes that land resources change over time. |
| | assumes that technology remains fixed. |
| | assumes that technology gains outpace population increases over the long run. |
| | proposes that population growth leads to falling labor productivity because land is a limited resource, so that increases in population result in less food for each person and more deaths. |
Question 101 pts
The necessary catalyst for development of social insurance programs for health care was the
| | rise of the middle class in the Industrial Age. |
| | invention of HMOs in the Information Age. |
| | increased disparity in life expectancy between income classes. |
| | introduction of antibiotics. |