Multiple choice

1.Which of the following personality characteristics have been found to affect CEOs’ decision making and strategic choices? 

a. Big Five 

b. Machiavellian scale 

c. MBTI 

d. Fiedler’s LPC 

2.There are two common themes among all the individual characteristics that affect how CEOs make strategic choices.  These are:

a. individualism and collectivism. 

b. Type A and MBTI. 

c. challenge seeking and need for control. 

d. external orientation and degree of self-focus. 

3.Entrepreneurship, openness to change, transformational leadership, and futuricity are all part of which characteristic of upper echelon leaders?

a. external orientation 

b. individualism 

c. challenge seeking 

d. risk-taking 

4.How open a leader is to change and how willing he/she is to take risks is most important and relevant:

a. in small organizations. 

b. during the formulation of strategy. 

c. in times of crisis when high-risk decisions often pay off. 

d. in certain environments.