Legal aspects associated with performance management programs

The legal aspects associated with performance management programs and the process of performance appraisals can range from one state to another and across international boundaries. 

What measures would you need to undertake to ensure that the program is continuously compliant with all relevant laws? 

How could you safely address employee issues governed by these laws without violating them? 

What types of consequences exist if an organization is found to be in violation of these laws?