how can do this HW

Answer as complete as possible

the book is LINGUISTICS FOR EVERYONE. second edition

Chapter 2: First Language acquisition

1. 1)  Be able o describe the stages of language acquisition, and the ages at which normally developing children tend to pass through them:

   • Babbling Stage

   • 1-word stage (Holophrastic)

   • 2-word stage

   • telegraphic stage: 2 years -2.5

   • approaching adult-like: 2.5

2. 2)  Production always lags behind comprehension.

3. 3)  Chomsky vs. Skinner, or the nature vs. nurture controversy

4. 4)  Pidgins, creoles

Chapter 9: SEMANTICS

1. 1)  Lexical semantics: synonymy, antonymy (including its types), hyponymy, homonymy, polysemy, lexical ambiguity—be able to define each and give examples

2. 2)  Semantic shifts: narrowing, broadening, amelioration and pejoration. Be able to explain each and give examples

3. 3)  Semantic features

Chapter 10: Pragmatics

1. 1)  Define sentence meaning and utterance meaning

2. 2)  Define speech acts, direct and indirect speech acts

3. 3)  Conversational rules—four maxims, implicatures and flouting of maxims

4. 4)  What do we understand by Positive and Negative politeness?

5. 5)  Be able to explain Sapir Whorf hypothesis and linguistic relativity; be able to give

   examples

Chapter 11: The Early Story of English

1. 1)  Be able to explain the following items:
   o The comparative reconstruction
   o The Proto-Indo-European family of languages o Cognates
   o The Grimm’s Law
   o The Great Vowel Shift
   o Germanic family of languages

2. 2)  Give approximate dates of the beginning and end of Old English Period, Middle English Period and early Modern English Period

3. 3)  Discuss the major events (events that had significant effects on English language)
   that took place in the history of English language during Early Modern English Period.

4. 4)  Discuss the major events (events that had significant effects on English language)