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Complete the following assignment.  Your assignment should be at least 4 pages total.  Use proper APA citations and list your references.

 

1)
Define and give the formula for an odds ratio:
 
2) Complete the 2 x 2 table below and calculate the Odds Ratio: There were 91 total with lung cancer of which 27 were notexposed to tobacco smoke; 173 total without lung cancer of which 56 were exposed to tobacco smoke.  Show your work.

 

 

 

Disease Status

 

 

Yes

No

Exposure Status

Yes

 

 

 

No

 

 

 

Odds Ratio =

3)
Interpret the odds ratio / what does this finding mean?

 

4)
You are reviewing the results of a case-control study ofvitamin D supplements and prostate cancer. The study had an alpha level of .05 and 95% CI.  The study findings report an Odds Ratio of .49, p value = .001, 95% CI (.45 - .60).

Interpret these results: comment on the OR, p value, and CI.

 

5)
Discuss some of the methodological limitations of the case-control study design.
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