Explain and give an example for each of the following types of variables

12.Explain and give an example for each of the following types of variables: (a) equal-interval, (b) rank-order, (c) nominal, (d) ratio scale, (e) continuous.

40, 52, 31, 33, 15, 27, 36, 40

15.Following are the speeds of 40 cars clocked by radar on a particular road in a 35-mph zone on a particular afternoon:

30, 36, 42, 36, 30, 52, 36, 34, 36, 33, 30, 32, 35, 32, 37, 34, 36, 31, 35, 20, 24, 46, 23, 31, 32, 45, 34, 37, 28, 40, 34, 38,

Make (a) a frequency table and (b) a histogram. Then (c) describe the general shape of the distribution.

19.Give an example of something having these distribution shapes: (a) bimodal, (b) approximately rectangular, and (c)

positively skewed. Do not use an example given in this book or in class.

20.Find an example in a newspaper or magazine of a graph that misleads by failing to use equal interval sizes or by exaggerating proportions.

21.Nownes (2000) surveyed representatives of interest groups who were registered as lobbyists of three U.S. state legislatures. One of the issues he studied was whether interest groups are in competition with each other.Table 1–10 shows the results for one such question. (a) Using this table as an example, explain the idea of a frequency table to a

person who has never had a course in statistics.(b) Explain the general meaning of the pattern of results.