English Assignment for PHYLLIS YOUNG ONLY

English Assignment for PHYLLIS YOUNG ONLY (All else will be ignored)

EXERCISE 20.1: Proofreading Practice

Read the following paragraph, and list the transitions. Categorize them by putting the appropriate numbers near the words you mark:

1. Repetition of key term or phrase

2. Synonyms

3. Pronouns

4. Transitional words or phrases

(1) The Titanic, the largest ocean liner of its time, set sail for New York in April 1912, and it had a grand send-off as it left the harbor. (2) But this ship never finished its voyage. (3) It hit an enormous iceberg halfway through the trip and caused the 2,227 passengers to head for the lifeboats. (4) Then, within hours, the mammoth vessel plunged beneath the icy Atlantic Ocean. (5) Next, the Titanic broke in two and fell to the bottom of the ocean. (6) It was seen by people in other ships only from a distance and was untouched until 1986, when a team of researchers entered the boat and explored it. (7) Eventually, a small piece of steel brought back from one of the expeditions was examined to determine whether this material played a part in the sinking of the ship. (8) Later, researchers tried raising a portion of the ship from the bottom of the ocean, but it was too heavy and fell beneath the water once again. (9) In time, the vessel will disintegrate, but the fascination with the Titanic will remain.

EXERCISE 40.3: Proofreading Practice

Add commas in this paragraph containing introductory words, phrases, and clauses.

(1) A recent study showed that small cars are tailgated more than larger ones, such as SUVs and vans. (2) Moreover the drivers of subcompact and compact cars also do more tailgating themselves. (3) In the study traffic flow at five different locations was observed, and various driving conditions were included, such as two-lane state roads and four-lane divided highways. (4) In all more than 10,000 vehicles were videotaped. (5) Although subcompact and compact cars accounted for only 38 percent of the vehicles on the tape their drivers were tailgating in 48 percent of the incidents observed. (6) In addition to having done all of this tailgating these drivers were the victims of tailgating 47 percent of the time. (7) Midsize cars made up 31 percent of the cars on the tapes but accounted for only 20 percent of the tailgaters and 24 percent of the drivers being tailgated. (8) Having considered various reasons for this difference the researchers suggest that drivers of other cars may avoid getting close to midsize cars because of the cars’ contours. (9) Because midsize cars have more curves in their sloping backs and trunks people have more trouble seeing around them.

EXERCISE 40.9: Proofreading Practice

This paragraph contains sentences with missing commas. Add commas where they are needed.

(1) We tend to think the best most profitable products are the ones that sell in the largest quantities, products such as books, music, movies, and TV programs. (2) But now that people are more comfortable with shopping online, a popular new business model prevails, known as “the long tail.” (3) It refers to the fact that there are now millions of niche markets for diverse specialized interests. (4) A company may have two thousand different video games for sale, but it can make as much money selling a few copies of many games as it can by making many sales of a few games. (4) People used to see the same few well-known stars in movies and tune into the same programs on network TV stations. (5) But now people can select from over one hundred small cable channels, and they can read current breaking news on websites or newspapers. (6) Small infrequent sales of many items can be as profitable as short-term large sales of the old blockbuster hits.

EXERCISE 41.1: Proofreading Practice

Add apostrophes to the words in this paragraph that should show possession.

Although teachers commonly use tests to grade their students learning, taking a test can also help students learn. Peoples memories seem to be more accurate after reading some material and taking a test than after merely reading the material with no testing. In fact, studies have shown that students who take several tests learn even more than those who take only one test after reading material. Although everyones ability to memorize material generally depends on how well the person studied the material, scientists research does indicate that test taking aids memory. The type of test is also important because multiple-choice exams help us put facts together better while fill-in-the-blank questions promote recall of specific facts. These questions ability to test different types of learning suggests that teachers ought to include different types of tests throughout the semester.