1. | The major court decision protecting juveniles from unauthorized searches and seizures was: a. [removed] Miranda. | b. [removed] Mapp v. Ohio. | c. [removed] In re Gault. | d. [removed] Brown v. Mississippi. |
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2. | Discretion is when: a. [removed] youths return to crime again and again after being found guilty of their first offense. | b. [removed] police exercise their ability to choose from alternatives. | c. [removed] police choose to focus on prevention of crime rather than reacting quickly to an offense. |
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3. | Victimization studies find that: a. [removed] more crime is committed than is reported. | b. [removed] victimization rates are consistent among demographic groups across the United States. | c. [removed] juveniles are more likely to be victimized than any other age group. | d. [removed] both more crime is committed than is reported and juveniles are more likely to be victimized than any other age group. |
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4. | Juveniles: a. [removed] are more likely to be killed in schools than on the streets or at home. | b. [removed] are about equally likely to be killed in one school as the next. | c. [removed] in large numbers are the victims of bullying, physical attack, or robbery in the schools. | d. [removed] are murdered in schools at rates far lower than implied by the media. |
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5. | The major focus of the Fourteenth Amendment is on standards of: a. [removed] search and seizure. | b. [removed] fairness and due process. | c. [removed] cruel and unusual punishment. | d. [removed] freedom of speech and the press. |
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6. | Larger police units typically deal with juvenile crime: a. [removed] enthusiastically since arresting a juvenile is considered a "good" arrest. | b. [removed] by setting up specialized units and departments to deal with juvenile crime. | c. [removed] by assigning any patrol officer available to any juvenile case needing attention. | d. [removed] both by setting up specialized units and departments to deal with juvenile crime and by assigning any patrol officer available to any juvenile case needing attention. |
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7. | An example of formal processing is a: a. [removed] youth given a firm "talking to" on the street. | b. [removed] youth taken into custody and allowed to leave when he/she asks. | c. [removed] youth taken into custody and placed in detention until the juvenile prosecutor reviews the case. | d. [removed] both youth taken into custody and allowed to leave when he/she asks and youth taken into custody and placed in detention until the juvenile prosecutor reviews the case. |
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8. | Which of the following have/has been found through research? a. [removed] Intervention by the juvenile justice system makes youths worse | b. [removed] A small group of offenders commit large numbers of crimes | c. [removed] Lower class youths tend to be involved in more serious offenses than middle class youths | d. [removed] All of the choices apply |
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9. | Victimization surveys focus on: a. [removed] interviewing hospital emergency room personnel to determine the number of victimizations. | b. [removed] a national survey of households. | c. [removed] police data on victims. | d. [removed] both a national survey of households and police data on victims. |
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10. | The Uniform Crime Reports are compiled by the: a. [removed] International Association of Chiefs of Police. | b. [removed] Federal Bureau of Investigation. | c. [removed] National Opinion Research Center. | d. [removed] Bureau of Justice Statistics. |
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11. | A consequence of the development of the Central States Juvenile Officer's Association and the International Juvenile Officers Association was an increased recognition in law enforcement of more: a. [removed] arrests of offenders. | b. [removed] help for offenders. | c. [removed] professional legal training. | d. [removed] both arrests of offenders and help for offenders. |
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12. | Critics charge that self-report studies: a. [removed] overload their questionnaires with too many serious offenses. | b. [removed] ask too many questions about minor offenses thereby increasing the incidence of middle-class offenders in self-reported delinquency. | c. [removed] overlook data provided by the UCR in offense reporting. | d. [removed] both overload their questionnaires with too many serious offenses and overlook data provided by the UCR in offense reporting. |
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13. | The police are able to search juveniles when juveniles: a. [removed] have waived their rights. | b. [removed] have consented to the search. | c. [removed] are presented with a warrant. | d. [removed] all of the choices apply. |
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14. | Which of the following is/are characteristic(s) of "problem oriented policing" a. [removed] Grouping crime statistics by type and determining any underlying similarities among the crimes | b. [removed] Saturating high crime areas with police cars to guarantee a rapid response to any crimes that occur | c. [removed] Determining the causes of delinquent activity and developing prevention programs | d. [removed] Both grouping crime statistics by type and determining any underlying similarities among the crimes and determining the causes of delinquent activity and developing prevention programs |
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15. | Most police view their primary role as: a. [removed] fighting crime. | b. [removed] preventing crime. | c. [removed] working with juveniles one on one. | d. [removed] social workers. |
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16. | Police may pull a car over: a. [removed] whenever they want. | b. [removed] when the youth's car has a broken taillight. | c. [removed] when the police have reasonable suspicion that something illegal is occurring. | d. [removed] both when the youth's car has a broken taillight and when the police have reasonable suspicion that something illegal is occurring. |
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17. | The police in the early 20th Century began to focus on which of the following to control youth crimes? a. [removed] Curbside justice | b. [removed] Prevention | c. [removed] Community organization | d. [removed] Both prevention and community organization |
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18. | Which of the following is an accurate statement about juvenile court statistics? They: a. [removed] report the overwhelming percentage of the total number of juvenile offenses. | b. [removed] provide full information on the characteristics of referred juveniles. | c. [removed] represent only an estimate of the total number of crimes that come before courts. | d. [removed] are published immediately upon receipt by the government. |
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19. | The problems of the Uniform Crime Reports include: a. [removed] that many crimes are not reported and many offenses never come to the attention of the police. | b. [removed] police ignore minor violations of law. | c. [removed] too many juveniles commit offenses as individuals. | d. [removed] both that many crimes are not reported and many offenses never come to the attention of the police and police ignore minor violations of law. |
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20. | The Monitoring the Future Project shows that: a. [removed] the dramatic increase in drug use that began in the early 1990s is continuing today. | b. [removed] drug use begins to drop off after age 18. | c. [removed] drug use peaks at the ages of 16–17. | d. [removed] both drug use begins to drop off after age 18 and drug use peaks at the ages of 16–17. |
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