BUS 309 Week 3 Quiz 2 Chapter 2

BUS 309 Week 3 Quiz 2 Chapter 2

1.      Which theories of ethics contend that right and wrong are determined by more than the likely consequences of an action?

2.      Nonconsequentialist theories are also called

3.      Epicurus was a

4.      Someone who holds that everyone should let self-interest guide their actions is a

5.      The view that equates morality with self-interest is

6.      Psychological hedonists hold that humans are by nature

7.      The view that we should always act so as to produce the greatest possible balance of good over bad for everyone affected by our actions is known as

8.      Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill both endorsed

9.      By “good” utilitarians mean

10.  The “hedonic calculus” was developed by

11.  A. C. Ewing criticized

12.  Adam Smith argued that if business is left to pursue its own self-interest

13.  The view that it is morally acceptable for individuals to pursue their own self-interests while engaged in business is called

14.  Kant believed that moral rules can, in principle, be known from

15.  For Kant, nothing is good in itself except

16.  Kant’s theory is

17.  For Kant, the subjective principle of an action is known as a

18.  Kant held that a moral law must have

19.  Kant held that humanity should always be treated as

20.  The unnecessary buying and selling of stocks to generate commissions is known as

21.  W.D. Ross believed that all (or most) of our obligations are

22.  The ethical perspective of W.D. Ross is

23.  The view that the utilitarian standard should be applied to moral codes as a whole is

24.  According to V. R. Ruggiero, how many concerns are common to most ethical systems?

25.Outline both act utilitarianism and rule utilitarianism, making it clear how they are different from each other. Of these two utilitarian theories, which do you believe is the most persuasive, and why? Do you believe that we should accept this approach to ethics? Why, or why not? Justify and illustrate your answers by reference to how utilitarianism could held in formulating policies within an organization context.

26.What is W.D. Ross’s view of ethics? How does it differ from the views of Mill and Kant? Do you believe that this view of ethics is applicable to a business setting? Why, or why not? Do you believe that it should be accepted generally? Do you think that your answers to the last two sub-questions should be the same, or should they differ? Why do you think as you do?

27. Outline Kant’s account of ethics. How, according to Kant, should we treat people—and why does he believe this? Do you agree? If we accepted a Kantian approach to morality, would we need to change how we conduct business? If so, provide examples to illustrate your claims and explain why Kant would require the changes you outline. If not, why not?

28.Do you believe that businesses should adopt a policy of business egoism? Would such a policy be best suited to the nature of business or not? Why do you believe as you do?

29.Do you believe that humans are naturally selfish? Explain your answer. Does your answer to this question have any ramifications for (a) which moral theory we should adopt, and (b) how we should structure business organizations?

30.What do you believe the optimal moral code should look like? Do you believe that people would be intrinsically motivated to follow such a code, or not? If so, why do you believe as you do? If not, how should they be motivated to behave morally?