Everything is provided all you have to do is figure out how to  resolve cases 24,26,27 and 29 using the guidelines provided.

 

CASE STUDY Number: 23

 

1.         Ethical Guideline(s) Addressed in this Case:

 

a.         Integrity (1.04 b): “The behavior analyst’s behavior conforms to the legal and moral codes of the social and professional community of which the behavior analyst is a member” (p. 60).

 

b.         Maintaining Confidentiality (2.07 a): “Behavior analysts have a primary obligation and take reasonable precautions to respect the confidentiality of those with whom they work or consult, recognizing that confidentiality may be established by law, institutional rules, or professional or scientific relationships” (p. 83).

 

c.         Being Familiar with These Guidelines (7.03): “Behavior analysts have an obligation to be familiar with these guidelines, other ethical codes, and their application to behavior analyst’s work. Lack of awareness or misunderstanding of a conduct standard is not itself a defense to a charge of unethical conduct” (p. 160-161).   

 

d.         Ethical Violations by Behavioral and Non-behavioral Colleagues (8.01): “When behavior analysts believe that there may have been an ethical violation by another behavior analyst, or non behavioral colleague, they attempt to resolve the issue by bringing it to the attention of that individual if an informal resolution appears appropriate and intervention does not violate any confidentiality rights that may be involved. If resolution is not obtained, and the behavior analyst believes a client’s rights are being violated, the behavior analyst may take additional steps as necessary for the protection of the client” (p. 167-168).

 

e.         Testimonials (9.07): “Behavior analysts do not solicit testimonials from current clients or patients or other persons who because of their particular circumstances are vulnerable to undue influence” (p. 183).

 

2.         Resolve the issue:

 

 

 

 

CASE STUDY Number: 26

 

1.         Ethical Guideline(s) Addressed in this Case:

 

a.         Professional and Scientific Relationships (1.05 a): “Behavior analysts provide behavioral diagnostic, therapeutic, teaching, research, supervisory, consultative, or other behavioral analytic services only in the context of a defined, remunerated professional or scientific relationship or role” (p. 62).

 

b.         Dual Relationships and Conflicts of Interest (1.06 a): “In many communities and situations, it may not be feasible or reasonable for behavior analysts to avoid social or other non-professional contacts with persons such as clients, students, supervisees, or research participants. Behavior analysts must always be sensitive to the potential harmful effects of other contacts on their work and on those persons with whom they deal” (p. 65).

 

c.         Dual Relationships and Conflicts of Interest (1.06 b): “A behavior analyst refrains from entering into or promising a personal, scientific, professional, financial, or other relationship with any such person if it appears likely that such a relationship reasonably might impair the behavior analyst’s ability to effectively perform his or her functions as a behavior analyst, or might harm or exploit the other party” (p. 66).

 

d.         Dual Relationships and Conflicts of Interest (1.06 c): “If a behavior analyst finds that, due to unforeseen factors, a potentially harmful multiple relationship has arisen (i.e., one in which the reasonable possibility of conflict of interest or undue influence is present), the behavior analyst attempts to resolve it with due regard for the best interests of the affected person and maximal compliance with these Guidelines” (p. 66).

 

e.         The Behavior Analyst’s Responsibility to Clients (2.0): “The behavior analyst has a responsibility to operate in the best interest of clients” (p. 74).

 

f.          Responsibility (2.03): “The behavior analyst’s responsibility is to all parties affected by behavioral services” (p. 77).

 

            Resolve the issue:

 

 Case #24

 

Primary Ethical Issue: The behavior analyst (BA) believes that the client needs medication for behavior control and the BA needs to do a functional analysis. The principal of the school would like to have the client removed from the school and the BA is afraid to disagree for fear of termination.

 

Ethical Guidelines Addressed:

 

1.04a, Integrity: “Behavior analysts are truthful and honest. Behavior analysts follow through on obligations and professional commitments with high quality work and refrain from making professional commitments that they cannot keep.” (p. 60)

 

2.0, The Behavior Analyst’s Responsibility to Clients: “The behavior analyst has a responsibility to operate in the best interest of clients.” (p. 74)

 

2.03, Responsibility: “The behavior analyst’s responsibility is to all parties affected by behavioral services.” (p. 77)

 

2.04b, Consultation: “When indicated and professionally appropriate, behavior analysts cooperate with other professionals in order to serve their clients effectively and appropriately. Behavior analysts recognize that other professions have ethical codes that may differ in their specific requirements from these Guidelines.” (p. 79)

 

2.10b, Treatment Efficacy: “Clients have a right to effective treatment.” (p. 87)

 

2.11a, Documenting of Professional and Scientific Work: “Behavior analysts appropriately document their professional and scientific work in order to facilitate provision of services later by them or by other professionals, to ensure accountability, and to meet other requirements of institutions or the law.” (p. 90)

 

2.13c, Fees, Financial Arrangements, and Terms of Consultation: “Prior to the implementation of services, the behavior analyst will provide in writing the terms of consultation with regard to specific requirements for providing services and the responsibilities of all parties.” (p. 94)

 

3.02, Functional Assessment:

a) “The behavior analyst conducts a functional assessment, as defined below, to provide the necessary data to develop an effective behavior change program.” (p. 112)

b) “Functional assessment includes a variety of systematic information-gathering activities regarding factors influencing the occurrence of a behavior including interview, direct observation, and experimental analysis.” (p. 112)

 

3.03, Explaining Assessment Results: “Unless the nature of the relationship is clearly explained to the person being assessed in advance and precludes provision of an explanation of results, behavior analysts ensure that an explanation of the results is provided using language that is reasonably understandable to the person assessed or to another legally authorized person on behalf of the client. Regardless of whether the interpretation is done by the behavior analyst, by assistants, or others, behavior analysts take reasonable steps to ensure that appropriate explanations of results are given.” (p. 113)

 

4.03, Environmental Conditions that Hamper Implementation: “If environmental conditions hamper implementation of the behavior analytic program, the behavior analyst seeks to eliminate the environmental constraints, or identifies in writing the obstacles to doing so.” (p. 122)

 

4.04, Approving Interventions:“ The behavior analyst must obtain the client’s or client-surrogate's approval in writing of the behavior intervention procedures before implementing them” (p. 122-123).

 

4.10 Least restrictive procedures:“ The behavior analyst reviews and appraises the restrictiveness of alternative interventions and always recommends the least restrictive procedures to be effective in dealing with a behavior problem” (p.127).

 

6.06, Conflicts with Organizations: “If the demands of an organization with which behavior analysts are affiliated conflict with these Guidelines, behavior analysts clarify the nature of the conflict, make known their commitment to these Guidelines, and to the extent feasible, seek to resolve the conflict in a way that permits the fullest adherence to these Guidelines.” (p. 154)

 

8.01, Ethical Violations by Behavioral and Nonbehavioral Colleagues: “When behavior analysts believe that there may have been an ethical violation by another behavior analyst, or non behavioral colleague, they attempt to resolve the issue by bringing it to the attention of that individual if an informal resolution appears appropriate and the intervention does not violate any confidentiality rights that may be involved. If resolution is not obtained, and the behavior analyst believes a client’s rights are being violated, the behavior analyst may take additional steps as necessary for the protection of the client.” (p.167-168)

 

Resolve the issue:

 

           

 

Case #29

 

Primary Ethical Issue: The BCaBA knows of another behavior analyst (BA) that frequently implements punishment procedures without assessing the client. The BCaBA is unsure if she should say anything because they do not work in the same consulting firm.

 

Ethical Guidelines Addressed:

1.04, Integrity:

a) “Behavior analysts are truthful and honest. Behavior analysts follow through on obligations and professional commitments with high quality work and refrain from making professional commitments that they cannot keep.” (p. 60)

c) “The activity of a behavior analyst falls under these Guidelines only if the activity is part of his or her work-related functions or the activity is behavior analytic in nature.” (p. 61)

 

2.03, Responsibility: “The behavior analyst’s responsibility is to all parties affected by behavioral services.” (p. 77)

 

2.04b, Consultation: “When indicated and professionally appropriate, behavior analysts cooperate with other professionals in order to serve their clients effectively and appropriately. Behavior analysts recognize that other professions have ethical codes that may differ in their specific requirements from these Guidelines.” (p. 79)

 

2.10b, Treatment Efficacy: “Clients have a right to effective treatment.” (p. 87)

 

3.0c, Assessing Behavior: “Behavior analysts recognize limits to the certainty with which judgements or predictions can be made about individuals.” (p. 110)

 

3.02, Functional Assessment:

a) “The behavior analyst conducts a functional assessment, as defined below, to provide the necessary data to develop an effective behavior change program.” (p. 112)

b) “Functional assessment includes a variety of systematic information-gathering activities regarding factors influencing the occurrence of a behavior including interview, direct observation, and experimental analysis.” (p. 112)

 

4.05, Reinforcement and Punishment: “The behavior analyst recommends reinforcement  rather than punishment whenever possible. If punishment procedures are necessary, the behavior analyst always includes reinforcement procedures for alternative behavior in the program.” (p. 123)

 

4.08 Program Modifications: “The behavior analyst modifies the program on the basis of data.” (p. 307)

 

4.09 Program Modifications Consent: “The behavior analyst explains program modifications and the reasons for the modifications to the client or client-surrogate and obtains consent to implement the modifications” (p. 126).

 

4.10, Least Restrictive Procedures: “The behavior analyst reviews and appraises the restrictiveness of alternative interventions and always recommends the least restrictive procedures likely to be effective in dealing with a behavior problem.” (p. 127)

 

7.03, Being Familiar with these Guidelines: “Behavior analysts have an obligation to be familiar with these Guidelines, other applicable ethics codes, and their application to behavior analysts’ work. Lack of awareness or misunderstanding of a conduct standard is not itself a defense to a charge of unethical conduct.” (p. 160-161)

 

8.0, The Behavior Analyst’s Ethical Responsibility to Colleagues: “Behavior analysts have an obligation to bring attention to and resolve ethical violations by colleagues.” (p. 166)

 

8.01, Ethical Violations by Behavioral and Non Behavioral Colleagues: “When behavior analysts believe that there may have been an ethical violation by another behavior analyst, or non behavioral colleague, they attempt to resolve the issue by bringing it to the attention of that individual if an informal resolution appears appropriate and the intervention does not violate any confidentiality rights that may be involved. If resolution is not obtained, and the behavior analyst believes a client’s rights are being violated, the behavior analyst may take additional steps as necessary for the protection of the client.” (p.167-168)

 

Resolve the issue:

 

           


 

 

 

References

Bailey, J., & Burch, M. (2011). Ethics for behavior analysts (2nd Ed.). New York, NY: Taylor & Francis Group.

 

 

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