A+ Answers of the following Questions

1.  Question :  Why have psychologists have so much difficulty in determining which of the two theories, associative or cognitive, is correct?
Because experimental design is so similar that the results cannot help but yield similar results.
Because over time, psychologists cannot agree on which theory is correct because findings continually point to one or the other thus leading to ambiguous conclusions.
Because psychologists never agree on anything when it comes to learning theory.
Because they are so similar they are both correct; therefore, some evidence suggests that the two processes coexist in the same organism influencing the same behavior.

2.  Question :  Behaviorists such as Watson believed that environmental explanations of behavior have the advantage of being:
identifiable, and therefore, testable.
logical, and therefore, testable.
intrinsic, and therefore, testable.
reliable, and therefore, testable

3.  Question :  The main reason that Watson wanted to exclude statements about the mind from psychology was that:
he did not believe that the mind existed.
statements about the mind were untestable.
he favored environmental explanations over genetic ones.
he opposed the concept of free will.

1.  Question :  Hull’s assumption that whenever a reinforcer was presented, regardless of whether the conditioned response could be observed became known as:
cognitive analysis.
convergence.
neobehaviorism.
observable analysis.

2.  Question :  What is the muscular movement that results in response to mental movements called by behaviorists?
Reaction
Recognition
Reinforcement
Response

3.  Question :  In modern times there is a general consensus between behaviorists about how learning takes.  However, there are still some language differences that prevail.  Why is it so important that terminology is clearly defined?
Ambiguous terminology may lead to differing interpretations of data that can lead to differing conclusions, which may not actually be different at all.
It doesn’t really matter what terminology is used as long as the experiments are conducted the same way; it is the outcome that matters.
Scientists never agree on anything, so there it is not really that important at all that they agree on terminology.
The scientific community will not be taken seriously if they are not in agreement on what certain things are to be called.

1.  Question :  Thorndike argued that if learning in the puzzle box involved insight into the nature of the problem, then the latency to escape from the box should _____ in the period before performance became asymptotic.
gradually decrease
suddenly decrease
at first increase, but then gradually decrease
at first increase, but then suddenly decrease

2.  Question :  Why have psychologists have so much difficulty in determining which of the two theories, associative or cognitive, is correct?
Because experimental design is so similar that the results cannot help but yield similar results.
Because over time, psychologists cannot agree on which theory is correct because findings continually point to one or the other thus leading to ambiguous conclusions.
Because psychologists never agree on anything when it comes to learning theory.
Because they are so similar they are both correct; therefore, some evidence suggests that the two processes coexist in the same organism influencing the same behavior.

3.  Question :  What is the muscular movement that results in response to mental movements called by behaviorists?
Reaction
Recognition
Reinforcement
Response