for A AS Always

Report Format : Opiates                                  

Type up a report for opiates, including information about pharmacology, history, current status of use and/or treatment. Include your resources, list your sources of information.

Make sure to include all the information outlined below for opiates. 

Pharmacology: (see pharmacology sheet).

Category

Terminology

Method of Administration

SHORT TERM 

Physiological Effect; Psychological Effect

LONG TERM 

Physiological Effect; Psychological Effects

OVERDOSE / Toxic Effects

WITHDRAWAL Syndrome/ Detox considerations

History of Use: Explain the history of American opium use. Include information on : Patent Medicines, over the counter morphine, heroic heroin, smoking heroin in the 1980’s. Also, what happened with Vietnam War veterans returning home after using/abusing heroin in Vietnam.  Explain  PDMP: Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs. 

Current Status in the US Explained- focus on prescription opiates

How many people are using prescription opiates now? How does this relate to the current rise in heroin use? Heroin use in the US has been tracked for decades and is easy to find use patterns, now find the incidence rate for prescription opiate use in the US (hint- find how many people are requesting treatment for prescription opiate abuse) What are the commonly abused Rx opiates? 

National Institute of Drug Abuse: NIDA=  HYPERLINK "http://drugabuse.gov/nidahome.html" http://drugabuse.gov/nidahome.html 

Look for “infofacts” on each drug for basic information and patterns of use

Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health:

 HYPERLINK "http://www.samhsa.gov/data/population-data-nsduh" http://www.samhsa.gov/data/population-data-nsduh 

Look for National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and Drug abuse Warning Network (DAWN) reports to find current use patterns, treatment statistics for most drugs.

If available, include information (briefly) about the impact on society .

Reports usually cite recent use patterns by these 2 categories: Lifetime use (have you ever tried ____ at least once in your life) and regular users (have you used _____in past month). Life time use generally reflects what percent of the population has ever tried a drug. Past month users generally reflect people who are using the drug regularly, and may or may not have a problem with it.  Sometimes there is information about new users or initiates. This information indicates if the rate of use is going up or down.

Resources: Make sure to list your sources of information in your report.

Describe the effects of opiates that are addictive(what do people seek); deadly effects of overdose; explain positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement and how this relates to opiate addiction; explain replacement therapy; explain using an antagonist drug as therapy