Nursing Powerpoint assignment

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In this assignment, you will create a presentation that reflects on your proposed problem of interest and evaluates sampling techniques that would create a meaningful study pertaining to this problem.

Step 1: Reflect on your proposed research question or problem of interest.

Step 2: Consider different sampling techniques.

Think about how you would compare and contrast the following sampling techniques:

· Simple Random Sample

· Stratified Random Sample

· Cluster Random Sample

· Systematic Random Sample

Consider which of these sampling techniques you might employ for your research study. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?

Step 3: Consider who your audience might be if you were to deliver your presentation in person.

· What would you want them to know about this topic?

· What would you expect them to already know?

Step 4: Create a 10- to 12-slide presentation that that evaluates and briefly summarizes the various sampling techniques listed in Step 2. Describe the sampling technique(s) you will use in your research and explain how your choice of sampling technique(s) will help you to create a meaningful study cohort.

Address the following questions in your presentation:

· Who/what will your proposed sample consist of?

· How will subjects be recruited?

· Are there any special considerations about your population of interest that might pose barriers to obtaining a sample?

· What are the advantages and disadvantages of the sampling method(s) you plan to use?

· What potentials for error and bias related to sampling exist?

Step 5: Review your presentation to ensure that you are using best practices for formatting slides.

· Include a title screen and summary screen.

· Avoid making slides too text heavy or dense with text. As a guideline, limit text on each slide to five bullet points of six words each.

· If using graphics, be sure that they are professional, reinforce your points, and are not used merely for decoration.

· Be sure to add what you would say if delivering the presentation to a live audience in the notes section of each slide.

Make sure that the format of your presentation is professional and visually attractive. Cite any sources in APA format.

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Exampleoftheassignment.docx

Assignment Week 7: Based on the rubric, what is missing or needs improvement? (Hint: audience; APA proper protocol formatting for references). Other?

Sampling in Action

Research Questions of Interest

· How to effectively lessen surgical site infections?

· How to use evidence-based practices to achieve a decrease in surgical site infections?

· Which sampling techniques will be utilized out of:

-Simple Random Sample

-Stratified Random Sample

-Cluster Random Sample

-Systematic Random Sample

· What are the advantages and disadvantages of each sampling technique?

Simple Random Sample

· This method is useful when the population is homogeneous, readily available, and small.

· All the frame's subsets are delivered with the same probability. As a result, every component of the frame has an equal chance of being chosen.

· It increases the number of possible samples available.

· The researcher defines the population (a set), lists all the units of the population (a sampling frame), and selects a sample of units (a subset) from which the sample will be chosen (LoBiondo-Wood, G. & Haber, J., 2018).

Advantages

Simple Random Sample

Disadvantages

· Not subject to conscious biases.

· Representativeness of the sample in relation to the population characteristics is maximized.

· Differences in the characteristics of the sample and the population are purely a function of chance.

· Probability of choosing a non- representative sample decreases as the size of the sample increases.

· When the sampling frame is large, this method may not be effective to use.

· It may be difficult to access the lists of full population.

· Time consuming and inefficient method of obtaining a random sample.

· May become expensive.

Stratified Sampling Method

· Greater representativeness of the population.

· Requires that the population be divided into strata or subgroups.

· An appropriate number of elements from each subset are randomly selected on the basis of their proportion in the population.

· The strata are homogenous.

· Stratified according to different attributes such as:

· Age -Religion

· Gender -Socioeconomic status

· Ethnicity -Level of education completed

Stratified Sampling Method

Advantages

· Enhanced representativeness of the sample.

· Makes comparisons among subsets.

· Disproportionately small stratum oversampled to adjust for:

-Underrepresentation

-Statistically weigh the data accordingly

-Continue to make legitimate comparisons.

Disadvantages

· It is difficult to obtain a population list containing complete critical variable information.

· It is time consuming.

· Enrolling proportional strata is challenging.

· A large-scale study is costly and takes time.

Cluster Random Sample

· Researchers divide a population into smaller groups known as clusters.

· The population is classified into various clusters of homogenous elements based on given area or region.

· They then randomly select among these clusters to form a sample.

· Sampling elements are grouped instead of specific people.

Cluster Random Sample

Advantages

· Cluster sampling is time and cost efficient

· Uses randomization so the study will have high external validity

· Sample will reflect the characteristics of the larger population.

Disadvantages

· Internal validity is weaker.

· More difficult to rely upon your sample to provide valid results without proper representation of the population.

· More complex to plan compared to other forms of sampling.

Systematic random sampling

· There is an equal chance (probability) of selecting each unit from within the population when creating the sample.

· The systematic sample is a variation on the simple random sample.

· Selected units are directly from the sample instead of random number tables.

Systematic Random Sampling

Advantages

· Reduces the potential for human bias

· Provides a sample that is highly representative of the population being studied.

· Units selected for inclusion are chosen using probabilistic methods.

· The selection of units using a systematic procedure can be viewed as superior.

Disadvantages

· Can only be carried out if a complete list of the population is available.

· If the list of the population has a standardized arrangement, similar cases can be picked rather than completely random ones.

· May be challenging to gain access to population list.

Selected technique

· The proposed population: Pre and post-op patients .

· Recruitment strategy: randomization method.

· Special considerations: attention to sample size.

· Potential Errors And Bias: sample set is too small for accurate population representation (Horton, M., 2021).

References

· Horton, M. (2021). Simple random sample: Advantages and disadvantages. https:// www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/042815/what-are-disadvantages-using- simple-random-sample-approximate-larger-population.asp

· LoBiondo-Wood, G. & Haber, J. (2018). Nursing research: Methods and critical appraisal for evidence-based practice (9th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.

· Thomas, L. (2020). Cluster sampling | A Simple step-by-step guide with examples.

https ://www.scribbr.com/methodology/cluster-sampling /

· Thomas, L. (2020). Systematic sampling | A Step-by-step guide with examples.

https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/systematic-sampling/

· Hayes, A. (2021). Simple random sample. https ://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/simple- random-sample.asp

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