English II

Work of Research Article Analysis

English Composition II

February 12, 2023

Sugar in School Breakfasts: A School District's Perspective

Summary

The article “Sugar in School Breakfasts: A School District's Perspective” authored by Lengyel, et al (2015) addresses the issue regarding the amount of sugar in meals served to students in Houston under the National School Breakfast Program. In the article, parents are concerned about the quality of breakfast served to their children claiming that the menu is comprised of food high in sugar content. It is a claim that prompts the administrators of the program to look deep into the issue realizing that the claims actually holds water and something ought being done. the main argument of the article is about the amount of sugar in breakfast meals and quality of meals served to students under the program.

The National School Breakfast Program is guided by nutritional regulations stipulated by USDA under the 2010 Healthy Hunger Free Kids Act (HHFKA) responding to childhood obesity pandemic. The act introduced changes in the breakfast meal pattern but surprisingly the sugar content standards were never set. The changes focused on reducing the amount of fat while increasing carbohydrates in school breakfast meals. With the noted high amount of sugar in breakfast meals, Houston Independent School District (ISD) Nutrition Services works towards reducing the high sugar content while operating a program that is within the budget. At the same time, it is highlighted that in the case parents need more sugar reduction action in the breakfast meals would have to seek for policy change through the act so that changes can be implemented from the federal levels.

In conclusion, a recommendation is also shared that nutritional labels must be present to distinguish between foods with added sugars from those with low sugar levels. Also, savory products having higher protein levels together with standard levels of calories demanded to be supplied. All the same, Houston ISD Nutrition Services promises remaining committed in listening to community concerns and seek solutions with intentions of serving students health and nutritious breakfast meals.

Response

The article shares an important aspect that has been affecting a majority of school feeding programs. I feel that it addresses properly an important aspect that should be addressed from top most levels to ensure that the students only get the best under the program. It is a good thing that the right bodies are involved and parents have brought out the issue in a manner that the problem has been identified and can be resolved. As proposed in the article, it is important for the parents to remain persistent and make sure changes are implemented from the federal levels and have the policy clearly stipulated the amount of sugar that should be in breakfast meals and other meals served through the program.

At the same time, when levels of sugar are reduced, there are other important nutrients that should be present to make the meals balanced diet. Hence, the review should be overall to ensure that the meals are balanced diet and meets the health needs of all students without compromising their health.

Reflection Question

· What ideas originally came to mind when you first read through the article? Did your initial response to the article change after reading it for a second time? (3-4 sentences)

Reading through the article for the first time sent an important message and made me think critically about the content of sugar in meals served during breakfast. It raised some levels of concern and awareness that I have never thought of and realised the important message being shared. Even after reading the article for the second time, my initial response did not change but only got stronger.

· How does paying attention to the way you respond to a source help you formulate your stance on a topic?

By paying attention, I have been able to get all the points raised clearly and hence responding to the source has been made easier. The more reason is that I have been able to base the response from a knowledge perspective hence making the response relevant, professional and ethical

References

Lengyel, M. S., Jennifer, G., Cramer, R. D. N., LD, N., Oceguera, M. S., & Pigao MA, L. (2015). Sugar In School Breakfasts: A School District's Perspective.  Journal of Applied Research on Children: Informing Policy for Children at Risk,  6(2), 7.

Annotated Bibliography and Reflections

English Composition II

October 13, 2023

Annotated Bibliography

Barta, S., Belanche, D., Fernández, A., & Flavián, M. (2023). Influencer marketing on TikTok: The effectiveness of humor and followers’ hedonic experience.  Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,  70, 103149. (Source Type: Peer-Reviewed Journal).

The authors conducted a research to determine the success of influencer marketing using TikTok. This social media platform has become the main focus of marketers, especially the youths. TikTok is the fastest growing platform and the researchers focused on how a marketer account’s quality, originality, quantity, and humor help improve brand recognition. I will use this article to demonstrate how marketers can utilize social media to enhance their brands and attract more customers.

Govindan, P., & Alotaibi, I. (2021, January). Impact of Influencers on Consumer Behaviour: empirical study. In  2021 2nd International Conference on Computation, Automation and Knowledge Management (ICCAKM) (pp. 232-237). IEEE. (Source Type: Conference Report).

The authors provide a conference report on a research on the impact of influencers on consumer behavior. The paper emphasizes on the importance of digital marketing in achieving brand recognition in this modern generation. A large percentage of the world population is spending their time on the internet, making it the most important tool for marketing. In my research, this article will provide insights on the marketing approaches to adopt, including the things a marker should watch out for.

Lou, C., & Yuan, S. (2019). Influencer marketing: How message value and credibility affect consumer trust of branded content on social media.  Journal of interactive advertising,  19(1), 58-73. (Source Type: Peer-Reviewed journal).

Lou and Yuan focus on authenticity in marketing from a consumer perspective. Utilizing exploratory and qualitative researches, the authors conducted surveys on consumers concerning marketing posts of their influencers. The findings of the research indicated that trustworthiness, transparency, relatability, and expertise promote brand recognition. The findings of this study will provide essential information that will answer the research question of what marketers should do to enhance brand recognition.

Leung, F. F., Zhang, J. Z., Gu, F. F., Li, Y., & Palmatier, R. W. (2022). Does Influencer marketing really pay off.  Harvard Business Review. Retrieved November,  30, 2022. https://hbr.org/2022/11/does-influencer-marketing-really-pay-off (Source Type: Business Review Article).

Leung and his counterparts conducted a research to determine if influencer marketing pays off. Their research follows the rapid growth of the influencer industry in the recent years. Their finding indicated that the effectiveness of influencer marketing is determined by the number of followers a marketer has, follower brand fit, posting frequency, influence originality, and post positivity. In my research, this article will help provide information on how marketers can utilize the findings of the research to enhance their brand recognition.

Martínez-López, F. J., Anaya-Sánchez, R., Fernández Giordano, M., & Lopez-Lopez, D. (2020). Behind influencer marketing: key marketing decisions and their effects on followers’ responses.  Journal of Marketing Management,  36(7-8), 579-607. Source Type: Peer-Reviewed Journal).

The article published in the Journal of Marketing presents a study that investigated marketing actions and how they influence the consumer. The researchers conducted two different experimental studies that focused on marketer influencer ability, posts, and product or service. Their findings pointed at brand control, level of influencer-ship, and influencer congruence with the product as the main determinants of success in brand recognition. This information adds to the knowledge required to answer the research question and provide relevant information.

Kuzminov, M. (2023). Social Responsibility and Ethics in Influencer Marketing. https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesagencycouncil/2023/01/30/social-responsibility-and-ethics-in-influencer-marketing/?sh=5b318a8f685c (Source Type: Forbes Magazine)

Unlike the other articles that have focused on the impact of influencer marketing and how brand recognition can be achieved, this article by Forbes Magazine explores the ethics that apply in influencer marketing. It also highlights how influential people can use their positions in marketing to promote social responsibility. This article provides essential information that will apply specifically on the societal and ethical issues parts of the research paper.

Nadanyiova, M., Gajanova, L., Majerova, J., & Lizbetinova, L. (2020, June). Influencer marketing and its impact on consumer lifestyles. In  Forum Scientiae Oeconomia (Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 109-120).

The authors conducted a research to investigate the theoretical basis of the impact of influencer marketing of the lifestyles of consumers. Using a questionnaire survey, the research collected information on consumer perception of influencers and its impact of their buying behaviors. The article provides essential information on the right marketing strategies that attract consumers to a marketer. This will enhance my research with relevant information on the topic.

Wellman, L., Stoldt, R., Tully, M., & Ekdale, B. (2020). Ethics of authenticity: Social media influencers and production of sponsored content.  Journal of Media Ethics, 35(2),68-82.

Wellman and his counterparts also question the ethics surrounding the authenticity of social media influencers and their marketing. The authors emphasize on an ethical framework that guides social media marketing and sponsorship. This information is essential to address the ethical and social issues part of my research paper. I will retrieve information on hos marketing should consider the cultural aspects of the consumers and other ethical issues.

Reflections

My annotated bibliography contains eight sources and each provides a brief summary of the goal of the research or article. They also provide detail of how the information will be used in the research paper, including the specific parts where the information will be helpful.

I focused on marketing journals and business reviews and these strategies helped me access relevant and effective information. Since the research aims at determining strategies of achieving brand recognition, a focus on influencer marketing was helpful.

I did not face much challenges when searching for credible sources because I had successfully completed the same exercise when I wrote my research question and outline. However, I must admit that I had to utilize google scholar more to ensure most of my resources were peer-reviewed.

References

Barta, S., Belanche, D., Fernández, A., & Flavián, M. (2023). Influencer marketing on TikTok: The effectiveness of humor and followers’ hedonic experience.  Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,  70, 103149.

Govindan, P., & Alotaibi, I. (2021, January). Impact of Influencers on Consumer Behaviour: empirical study. In  2021 2nd International Conference on Computation, Automation and Knowledge Management (ICCAKM) (pp. 232-237). IEEE.

Lou, C., & Yuan, S. (2019). Influencer marketing: How message value and credibility affect consumer trust of branded content on social media.  Journal of interactive advertising,  19(1), 58-73.

Leung, F. F., Zhang J. Z., Yiwei, L. I., & Palmatier R. W. (2022). Does Influencer Marketing Really Pay Off?. https://hbr.org/2022/11/does-influencer-marketing-really-pay-off

Martínez-López, F. J., Anaya-Sánchez, R., Fernández Giordano, M., & Lopez-Lopez, D. (2020). Behind influencer marketing: key marketing decisions and their effects on followers’ responses.  Journal of Marketing Management,  36(7-8), 579-607.

Michael Kuzminov , (Jan 30, 2023). Social Responsibility And Ethics In Influencer Marketing. https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesagencycouncil/2023/01/30/social-responsibility-and-ethics-in-influencer-marketing/?sh=5b318a8f685c

Nadanyiova, M., Gajanova, L., Majerova, J., & Lizbetinova, L. (2020, June). Influencer marketing and its impact on consumer lifestyles. In  Forum Scientiae Oeconomia (Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 109-120).

Wellman, M. L., Stoldt, R., Tully, M., & Ekdale, B. (2020). Ethics of authenticity: Social media influencers and the production of sponsored content.  Journal of Media Ethics,  35(2), 68-82.