Discussion

 According to Gerald Graff and Cathy Birkenstein in They Say/I Say, Chapter 5, what is a naysayer? Why do Graff and Birkenstein argue, "[N]o single device more quickly improves a piece of writing than planting a naysayer in the text"? In other words, how do naysayers increase a text's credibility or ethos? What naysayers sources (counterarguments) have you included in your Annotated Bibliography?