Advanced Nursing Research

(BOTH)

Citation (APA 7th style, as an in-text citation. Place full reference in References section.)

(BOTH): include any two: Problem addressed, purpose of research, or research question

(BOTH) Literature Review

(BOTH)

Level of Evidence

Study Design

(BOTH) Population/

Sampling;

(B0TH)

Ethics (IRB or other considerations)

Analysis Methods

(QUAN)

Test or (QUAL) method of gathering data

(BOTH) Findings and

Conclusions

(BOTH) Discussion and Limitations

(BOTH) Implications

for practice

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Citation

include any two: Problem addressed, purpose of research, or research question

Literature Review

Level of Evidence

Study Design

Population/

Sampling

Ethics

Analysis Methods

Findings and

Conclusions

Discussion and Limitations

Implications

for practice

1.

(Patel, Walter. & Li, 2021)

Problem: Opioid epidemic and increased deaths and mortality

Purpose: to describe changes in ED visits due to OUD and demographic disparities during COVID-19

PICOT: Did the COVID-19 pandemic (I) affect the number of ED visits (O) in 2020 (T) made by opioid abusing patients as compared to 2019 (C)?

There is no section specified as a literature review, but it was incorporated into the Introduction.

Level III

Quantitative; Retrospective

Cross-sectional

Study

Patients presenting to the ED at the UAB at Birmingham Hospital with opioid overdoses Jan. 1—Oct. 31, 2019, and Jan. 1—Oct. 31, 2020, were identified from electronic medical records.

IRB gave approval. Informed consent was waived.

Descriptive statistical analysis using SPSS

Findings: The total number of opioid overdose visits increased 9.7% (556 to 611) between January and October 2020 compared with 2019.

Conclusion: Increase in opioid related visits in 2020 (during COVID pandemic) as compared o 2019, pre-COVID-19.

There was an increase of visits for opioid overdoses from January to October of 2020. There were also higher overdose rates in Black Americans than other races.

Social isolation and physical distancing may cause poor mental health which may contribute to an increase in substance use and overdose. Health care providers should be aware of ways to assess for opioid overdose.

2.

(Azizi, Ahmadi, & Kazemnejad,2022).

Problem: When a patient has surgery, the family is typically highly stressed; yet nurses are often unable to adequately address family needs.

Purpose: To determine what families of surgery patients expect.

Research question: what do a surgery patient’s family members expect?

Very generalized and short

Level 6

Qualitative: Subjective with conventional content analysis

Purposive sampling from multiple hospitals in Tehran.

25 family members, 3 nurses, 1 surgeon

Consent obtained prior to participation.

Researchers denied any conflict of interest. Study was approved by the Ethics Committee.

Qualitative, Semi-structured interviews. Analysis: Elo-Kyngas model (open coding, category-making, & abstraction).

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36 sub and 11 generic categories. 4 main categories: named endless confusion, giving family a share in care, exaggerated focus on obvious behaviors, & accepting the existence of the family

Conclusion: Families need to be seen, heard, considered, understood, and, most importantly, accepted by healthcare providers, especially nurses.

Discussion: The main expectations of the families of patients undergoing surgery. Overall, Discussion: it is up to the nurses to meet a large part of the family’s expectations because the nurse spends most of his/her time with them and has an understanding of the care environment that other staff lack (13). The findings of the first main cat

Limitations:

Interviews could have been affected by stress. Study included families of surgery patients and cannot be generalized.

Family members’ needs should be considered by the health care team.