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PAPER#1 airb

Essentially, conflict theory is best defined as a theoretical perspective that the law is used to control the power of dominant groups and individuals who threaten the makeup of society (Walker, et al., 2017). According to conflict theory, crime in any given society is caused by class conflicts. Meaning that all criminal acts carried out have a political undertone due to its nature. For example, poor working conditions within a factory can lead to workplace violence. Due to the environmental factors, the individuals can potentially contend with violent and poor actions (Gitonga, 2021). A prominent contributor to the conflict theory of criminology is Karl Marx (Hill, 2019). Karl Marx laid the groundwork for this theory, which was later expanded. He theorized that societal conflicts can lead to crime and can cause ongoing conflicts between the working class and the more powerful class. Conflict theory, meanwhile, provides an explanation for racial disparities within the administration of justice.  It is described as a direct product of various patterns within social norms, economic development, and the inequality of political power within the United States. The inequalities can result from prejudiced attitudes, discrimination, and racism toward minorities. Conflict is a fundamental social process (Petrocelli, et al., 2003) In other words, society is largely blended together and shaped by competing interests of various social groups who compete for superiority in order to support a social system that is  most beneficial to them. Conflict theory provides a different perspect  on the relative power of a given social group that dictates equal social order to control law makers, law enforcement, and other entities of authority. 

PAPER#2 rennob

 Conflict theory is a critical perspective, focusing on the negative aspects of society, conflict, and competition in shaping culture and social institutions. It examines how power, resources, and social inequality lead to conflicts between different societal groups. According to the researcher (Quinney, 1970), the basic premise of conflict theory is that the law is used to maintain the dominant group's power in society and control the behavior of individuals who threaten that power. Conflict theory explains racial disparities in the administration of justice as products of broader social, economic, and political inequality patterns in the United States. The theory also expounds on the over-representation of racial and ethnic minorities when it comes to arrests, incarceration, and capital punishment as both the product of the inequalities and as an expression against minorities, according to (Walker et al., 2017). 

Conflict Theory originated in the mid-19th century and has evolved over time. Karl Marx is credited as one of the founding fathers of Conflict Theory.  Marx argued that society is divided into two main classes: the bourgeoisie (owners of the means of production) and the proletariat (the working class). According to Marx, the conflict between these classes, driven by economic interests, drives societal change.

Another founding father was Max Weber, whose work highlighted the significance of class, status, and power in shaping social conflicts. Weber's work added depth to the theory by considering multiple dimensions of inequality. Weber would agree with Marx that societal conflicts existed because of resource competition. But unlike Marx, Weber believed that conflict theory also applied to power dynamics beyond the inequalities between the rich and the poor.