W2ChangedocJournal

Roy’s Adaptation Theory:

One of the most frequently models in nursing practice and education is Roy’s adaptation model (RAM).  According to Polit & Beck (2012), humans adjust to changes through adapting to the situation; thereby humans are regarded as adaptive beings. This model describes how stimulus from the environment challenges individuals and how individuals react by adapting to the situations. Nursing depicts adaptation of clients during healthy and illness. Adaptation comes in form of stimulus from the environment. The stimulus can be because of physical or emotional trauma and abuse, a new diagnosis, and complications arising from existing diagnosis. Individual’s response to these stimuli determines is the optimal wellbeing.  The role as nurses is to help the client achieve a state of optimal wellbeing and optimism, and to help a client come to a term when client experience new trauma, new disorder, or a new diagnosis.

Patients with active suicidal ideations tend to engage in risky behaviors like swallowing sharp objects, overdosing on medications, attempting to hang or shot self. Due to these risky behaviors some of these patients die before admission to hospital or immediately after. Precautionary measures is in place for close observation of patients with high risk of harm to self. Observation could be in the form of one to one or intermittently. Part of treatment plan includes individual therapy and medication administrations. The nurse also plays a vital role during therapy to help the individual cope with change through adaptation (Polit & Beck, 2012). Patients are provided access to community resources for continuity of care on discharge to help the client achieve state of optimal wellbeing and optimism.

Cognitive and Behavioral Therapy

According to Diefenbeck (2003), CBT attempts to understand the interactions among one’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Individual’s perception tends to influence one’s thoughts, feelings, attitudes, and behaviors (Beal, 2019). One of the psychotherapeutic treatments

that helps individuals to understand their thoughts and feelings better is cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). CBT is a tool commonly used during psychotherapy to treat various disorders individuals presents with phobias, depression, anxiety, and addictions that are basically frequent mental disorders in United States. CBT along with drug therapy has been successful in treating bipolar and schizophrenia disorders (Beal, 2019). Nurse therapist plays a vital role in working with the individuals to adapts on how to utilize coping skills to change negative and destructive thoughts/behaviors that cause dysfunctional lifestyle to positive and constructive thoughts and behaviors.

The therapist works with the clients in identifying the cause of the problem, the problem that needs help, identifying goal of the therapy and steps in actualizing the goal. The therapist and the clients work together in problem solving. The therapist will explain to the clients that their thought perceptions influence their feelings and behavior. On explaining these concepts, the

therapist will encourage the clients to identify their cognitive processes, spontaneous thoughts and unhealthy attitudes and behaviors to alter some of the unhealthy attitudes and to see things from different perspectives.

Goals and Objectives for the Practicum Experiences

Goals are:

· To gain knowledge, acquire skills necessary to conduct psychotherapy counselling that not only directs to immediate disfunction of the clients but will help clients to resolve internal conflicts that leads to loss of peace.

· To become competent in identifying how to select and apply vital psychotherapy theories applicable in various situations encountered that will ensure clients develops lifestyle that gears towards more productive living.

· To gain critical knowledge in analyzing counseling theories that will enable clients utilize their full mental potential.

Objectives of the learning will be:

· To learn how to diagnose patients accurately and assist patients to recognize and acquire three coping skills when admitted in psych hospitals or partial hospitalization program (PHP) within 3 days of participating in the program.

· Help clients identify thoughts and intellectual misunderstanding in thinking and develop attainable goals, treatment plans, strategies and techniques solidly built on Roy’s Adaptation model and Cognitive Behavioral Theory.

· As a psych mental health provider, to encourage fellow practitioners to learn to provide optimal mental health free of prejudice and biased belief about how an individual should think, live, or exist.