See attachment

CLINICICAL MANIFESTATIONS

· Tummy pain on the abdomen and lower quadrant

· Brown watery discharge

· Pain in the tip of the patient’s shoulder

· Discomfort during peeing or pooping

RISK FACTORS FOR THE DISEASE

· Previous pelvic infection

· Scars sustained from a tubal surgery

· Congenital malformations

· Uterine tumors

· The constant use intrauterine device

DIAGNOSTIC AND LAB DATA

· A pelvic ultrasound showing the ectopic pregnancy

· Results from a Magnetic Resonance Imaging procedure

· A CT Scan results but it is not always advisable for pregnant women

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

· It is validated that no mechanism responsible for ectopic pregnancies are known.

· Possibilities exist and they include anatomic obstruction that happens on the zygote’s passage. The zygote’s transperitoneal migration.

NON-PHARMACEUTICALMEDICAL TREATMENTS

· Expectant management is the non-pharmaceutical medical treatment that helps patients having an ecliptic pregnancy.

· The process entails checking if the patient has any internal bleeding and showing any symptoms. Testing of the blood to find out about the pregnancy hormones is a step that follows.

POSSIBLE NURSING DIAGNOSIS

· Severe abdominal pain

· Vaginal spotting

· Vaginal bleeding

· The lower quadrant experiencing stabbing pain

PHARMACEUTICAL MEDAL TREATMENTS

· Giving drugs to the patient such as methotreaxate

· Administering mifepristone

· Utilizing intravenous therapy

· Assessing hemoglobin levels beforehand

IMPLEMENTATION

· In most cases, surgery management is the most preferred technique because it assures safety.

· Expectant management is another procedure that nurses implement when the patient shows stability without any bleeding.

PATIENT EDUCATION

· Advising the patient on the benefits and risks of each treatment option available

· Counseling on the importance of staying off drugs and alcohol

· Educating on the side effects that come with medical therapy

OUTCOME EVALUATION

· Vaginal bleeding must stop

· The patient must be in stable condition to communicate

· Abdominal pain must be gone

· The hemoglobin levels must be in control

NURSING INTERVENTIONS/PLANNING

· Administering methotreaxate since it is a chemotherapeutic agent that works against folic acid.

· Administering mifepristone

· Using intravenous therapy when the pregnancy already ruptures

· Blood sample check to confirm levels of hemoglobin in the pregnant woman.

Ectopic Pregnancy