Week 10 Assignment 2

Week10PsychopharmaceuticalReferenceGuide.docx

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Psychopharmaceutical Reference Guide

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Walden University

Table of Contents Exemplar 4 Category: Antidepressants 6 Class: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) 6 Medication 1 6 Medication 2 6 Medication 3 7 Class: Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) 8 Medication 1 8 Medication 2 9 Medication 3 9 Class: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) 10 Medication 1 10 Medication 2 11 Medication 3 11 Class: Atypical Agents 12 Medication 1 12 Medication 2 13 Medication 3 14 Category: Mood Stabilizers 15 Medication 1 15 Medication 2 15 Medication 3 16 Category: Anticonvulsants (nonbenzodiazepines) 18 Medication 1 18 Medication 2 18 Medication 3 19 Category: Anxiolytics 21 Class: Benzodiazepines 21 Medication 1 21 Medication 2 21 Medication 3 22 Class: Buspirone and others 24 Medication 1 24 Medication 2 24 Medication 3 25 Category: Antipsychotics 27 Class: Antipsychotics – FGA 27 Medication 1 27 Medication 2 27 Medication 3 28 Class: Antipsychotics – SGA 29 Medication 1 29 Medication 2 30 Medication 3 30 Class: Atypical antipsychotics 31 Medication 1 31 Medication 2 32 Medication 3 32 Category: Sleep Aids 34 Class: Sedative hypnotics 34 Medication 1 34 Medication 2 34 Medication 3 35 Class: Z-hypnotics 36 Medication 1 36 Medication 2 37 Medication 3 37 Category: ADHD Medications 39 Class: Stimulants 39 Medication 1 39 Medication 2 39 Medication 3 40 Class: Non-stimulants 41 Medication 1 41 Medication 2 42 Medication 3 42 Category: SUD Medications 44 Buprenorphine 44 Naltrexone 44 Naloxone 45 Methadone 46 Buproprion 46 Acomprosate 47 Topiramate 48 Disulfiram 49

1. Brand Name of Medication	Xanax, Xanax XR, Niravam
2. Generic Name of Medication	Alprazolam
3. Drug Class	Benzodiazepines
4. Manufacturer	Pfizer, Inc.
5. Indicated Diagnoses	Anxiety disorders, panic disorders, anxiety caused by depression
6. Contraindications	Narrow-angle glaucoma; if patient is also on itraconazole or ketoconazole; if allergic to Xanax or similar medications (Librium, Klonopin, Tranxene, Valium, Ativan, Serax)
7. Pregnancy	Do not use Xanax if pregnant
8. Potential for Dependency	Alprazolam may be habit-forming. Misuse of this medication could cause addiction, overdose or death.
9. Precautions of Use	· Do not drink alcohol while taking Xanax · Do not take opioid medications while taking Xanax – unless under medical supervision
10. Allergic Reaction	Hives, difficulty breathing, swelling of face/lips/tongue/ throat
11. Common Side Effects	Common side effects of Xanax include: ataxia, cognitive dysfunction, constipation, difficulty in micturition, drowsiness, dysarthria, fatigue, memory impairment, skin rash, weight gain, weight loss, anxiety, blurred vision, diarrhea, insomnia, decreased libido, increased appetite, slurred speech, and decreased appetite. Other side effects include: hypotension, sexual disorder, muscle twitching, and increased libido.
12. Concerning Side Effects Needing Medical Attention	· Depressed mood, thoughts of suicide or hurting self · Racing thoughts, increased energy, unusual risk-taking behavior · Confusion, agitation, hostility, hallucinations · Uncontrolled muscle movements, tremor, seizure, convulsions · Pounding heartbeats or fluttering in chest
13. Dose Range	· Treatment for patients with anxiety should be initiated with a dose of 0.25 to 0.5 mg given three times daily. The dose may be increased to achieve a maximum therapeutic effect, at intervals of 3 to 4 days, to a maximum daily dose of 4 mg, given in divided doses. · The successful treatment of many panic disorder patients has required the use of XANAX at doses greater than 4 mg daily. In controlled trials conducted to establish the efficacy of XANAX in panic disorder, doses in the range of 1 to 10 mg daily were used. The mean dosage employed was approximately 5 to 6 mg daily. · Treatment may be initiated with a dose of 0.5 mg three times daily. Depending on the response, the dose may be increased at intervals of 3 to 4 days in increments of no more than 1 mg per day. Slower titration to the dose levels greater than 4 mg/day may be advisable to allow full expression of the pharmacodynamic effect of XANAX. · For patients receiving doses greater than 4 mg/day, periodic reassessment and consideration of dosage reduction is advised.
14. Types of Administration	Oral: 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg tablets
15. Pharmacodynamics	Clinically, all benzodiazepines cause a dose-related central nervous system depressant activity varying from mild impairment of task performance to hypnosis. it may enhance the activity of GABA (gamma aminobutyric acid), an inhibitory neurotransmitter, in the brain. This produces a hypnosis (a trancelike state)
16. Half-Life	A mean half-life of alprazolam of 16.3 hours has been observed in healthy elderly subjects (range: 9.0–26.9 hours, n=16) compared to 11.0 hours (range: 6.3–15.8 hours, n=16) in healthy adult subjects. In patients with alcoholic liver disease the half-life of alprazolam ranged between 5.8 and 65.3 hours (mean: 19.7 hours, n=17) as compared to between 6.3 and 26.9 hours (mean=11.4 hours, n=17) in healthy subjects. In an obese group of subjects, the half-life of alprazolam ranged between 9.9 and 40.4 hours (mean=21.8 hours, n=12) as compared to between 6.3 and 15.8 hours (mean=10.6 hours, n=12) in healthy subjects.
17. Effects with Poly-Substance Use (e.g., cigarettes, alcohol, etc.)	Alprazolam concentrations may be reduced by up to 50% in smokers compared to non-smokers.
18. Other Notes	Put your special notes here. For example, Xanax is often prescribed PRN (take as needed).
19. Source	https://www.drugs.com/xanax.html