Variance Analyses for Direct Materials and Labor

The Hockey Helmet Company expects increased demand for its hockey helmets at the beginning of hockey season in September.

Here is the projected data for September:

The Hockey Company	Variable Costs Total	Fixed Costs Total
Raw materials	$ 325,000
Direct manufacturing labor	$ 170,000
Indirect manufacturing labor		$ 22,500
Factory Insurance & Utilities		$ 34,000
Depreciation ? Machinery and factory		$ 18,500
Repairs and maintenance ? factory		$ 17,000
Distribution expenses	$ 20,000	$ 40,000
General and administrative expenses		$ 30,000

Variable Cost and Volume Data
Raw materials = 3.25 lbs. x $10.00/lb.	$ 32.50
Direct Labor = 1.7 hr. x $10/hr.	$ 17.00
Volume in units	10,000

Sales price per helmet is $90.

Required elements:

In good form in Microsoft Excel perform the following tasks:

1. Prepare the static budget operating income in contribution format.

2. If sales demand increases to 11,500 units for September, prepare the flexible budget for September in contribution format to reflect the new data.

3. Compute and reconcile the sales volume variance, indicating whether the variance is favorable or unfavorable.

4. Given the following additional actual data:

Total Direct Costs Incurred for September
Raw Materials =35,100 lbs. used	$ 351,000
Direct Labor =18,360 hrs. incurred	$ 183,600
Volume in units	10,800

5. Using the three-prong method to present your calculations, compute the direct materials price variance, the direct materials efficiency variance, the labor price variance, and the labor efficiency variance, indicating whether these are favorable or unfavorable.

6. Below each variance calculation neatly provide one possible explanation for each of the variances.