analysis essay

Everyone implants his eyes and moves his fingers above under to read the wats and see the sections until it appeared that our relationship with this expensive piece is not matched by the use of the right sometimes seems sad especially in educational institutions, including the university. Today: No one remembers the face of anyone and no one shakes his head to greet anyone. Why? Because his eyes are planted in the interior of the mobile, has ended the era of spontaneous human interactions?!

The big evolution in technology has changed in most areas of life, from the most important areas education. Despite a number of positive effects of the use of such devices in the educational process, but it depends on the method used.

Figure 1, PEW RESERCH CENTER

On Figure 1 from PEW RESERCH CENTER “Teens,

Social Media& Technology 2018” Write “Most notably,

smartphone ownership has become a nearly ubiquitous

element of teen life: 95% of teens now report they have

a smartphone or access to one. These mobile connections

are in turn fueling more-persistent online activities: 45% of

teens now say they are online on a near-constant basis.”

But do not forget that these phones have evolved very significantly can contribute to the advancement of learning in ways we may not imagine, for example, the ability to connect to the Internet allows the student access to different materials in any subject he wants at any time he wants to add to the feature of participation in various files of articles and videos As well as interacting with teachers and other students through specialized groups, whether in conversations or conversations or Blackboard or other educational platforms, but do students actually consider mobile as an educational tool?.

The presence of these devices by hand between students and not used in the correct way will lead to many negative results. The using of technology in the classroom result in decreased attention, lack of memorization, and worse student- teacher relationship.

The greater proportion of students who take their smartphones, tablets and laptops, often distracts them and reduces their concentration, which reduces the amount of their collection during lectures and classes. Daniel Pulliam write in “The Cost of Texting in Classroom” that “Wood and colleagues (2012) compared the learning of students using a variety of technologies (Facebook, MSN, cell phone texting, and e-mailing) to the learning of students who took notes with pencil and paper, used word processing programs or were given no instructions about how to process classroom information on experimental design and measurement in three consecutive course sessions. The study was done naturalistically except for the instructions on technology use. … . So, Wood and colleagues conducted a post-hoc analysis comparing performance on a 15-item multiple choice quiz for those who reported no use of technology (34 of 145 participants) to performance for those who self reported using some kind of technology. Technology users scored significantly lower (57% versus 67% of the quiz items correct)”. If you want to learn a new think you should take more focus.

Other reason of effect attention is the multitasking. Multitasking may be measured in terms of the number of your time spent on a task before shift to a different task. once finishing a task, interruptions will arise (Pulliam). Texting in classroom is like in texting while driving. In example in “The Cost of Texting in Classroom” shows “Talking on a phone while driving is related to decrements in many aspects of driving, including the time it takes to react to changes in the driving environment (such as someone braking in front of you), scanning the environment for potential dangers, and overall decision making (Caird et al. 2008; Strayer and Drews 2007). Texting while driving has even stronger negative effects, probably because of the even greater physical and cognitive demands (Libby, Chaparro, and He 2013).”. Within the case of texting during lesson, one thread would constitute text messaging and another thread might constitute attention directed to the material provided inside the class.

Next point that affect student in classroom by using technology is their knowledge. Use smart phones, computers and tablets instead of paper and pen led to low levels of students in basic education skills as writing good, where to find someone who has mastered writing good line became difficult. Arnold L. Glass and Mengxue Kang on (Dividing attention in the classroom reduces exam performance) show that many researches show that student who divided between using electronic devices and class lesson had bad in exam.

Figure 2. Arnold L. and Mengxue Kang

Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA

On Figure 2. Show a result of a research of A total 118 students with mixed male, female in different race. They divided students into two groups. First group are allowed to use electronic devices in the classroom, and other section are not allowed to use an electronic device. There is three result, Quiz, Unit exam, and Final Exam. In Quiz result you see that students who allow using device are great that student who not allow that’s in short term. However, on long term result like in unit and final exams are show student who allow are less than who not allow with big different between them in final exam.

The presence of these devices in classrooms, will enable students to use social media instead of using them for educational purposes to escape the boredom that they feel inside classrooms, thus losing the ability to focus. The means of social communication will make the student always think about them to follow each new, which means preoccupation in mind and waste of time. On Maclean's, "Don't Give Students More Tools of Mass Distraction,"( 2010), write “with the temptations to text, surf the Internet, and log onto social networks, mobile devices are also "tools of mass distraction" in the classroom. While smartphones can lower educational costs and enhance student satisfaction, they are not shown to improve academic performance;”.

It is not just memory and attention are effect student, there is a relationship affected. Meet the teacher and the learner face to face. As is known in the media, this is the most powerful means of communication and information transfer between two people. In which the picture and sound meet feelings, which affect the message and the educational situation in full and affected by the message can be modified so that the behavior is modified, and growth occurs.

From (Effect of Student Classroom Cell Phone Usage on Teachers) Write “If teachers see that students are using their cell phones during class and do not believe the students have the ability to multitask, it could then distract the teacher. Becoming distracted while teaching may then affect other cognitive processes and harm the teacher’s ability to instruct his or her class.” So, using smartphone in classroom make bad respect to the teacher. ​

In conclusion, study without technology like in the past has more benefit to student. Technology in classroom has more disadvantages than advantages. The communication between student and teacher, the knowledge of student and the observing in classroom will be affected by using technology in classroom.

References:

Glass, A. L., & Kang, M. (2018, July 26). Dividing attention in the classroom reduces exam performance. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01443410.2018.1489046

Lawson, D., & Henderson, B. B. (2016, June 16). The Costs of Texting in the Classroom. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/87567555.2015.1019826

Pulliam, D. (2017). Effect of Student Classroom Cell Phone Usage on Teachers. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1915