Unit 6 Respond to classmate

· Summarize the rationalizations given by your classmate.

· Outline the aspects in which you agreed and disagreed with their week 6 conclusions and why.

· Provide an additional opportunity and positive impact upon their presentation by expanding upon one aspect of your classmate’s conclusions from week 6with further research.

· Within your video or written presentation, please be certain to validate your opinions and ideas while disclosing the sources utilized within your video presentation or written presentation (APA format).

Juliane Carson

Substance P is a short amino acid chain made up of 11 amino acids and the frequency for SP is RPKPQQFFGLM-amide belongs to the tachykinin neuropeptide family.  It is a neurotransmitter. Elevated levels of substance p can lead to a sensitivity of nerves and have an effect on the intensity of the pain.

Nociception is specialized peripheral sensory neurons that give the signal to the spinal cord and brain if the body feels pain. the signal is transferred by nociceptors those create a frequent that moves along a group of nerve fibers through the medium of the spinal cord and then to the brain.

Fibromyalgia-like mood changes, insomnia and a higher sensitivity to pain can be related to an increase in substance p.

Cushing's disease has increased levels of cortisol, abdominal morbidity, and elevated liver enzymes alt and ast high lipid enzyme but elevated levels of substance P are not related to Cushing's syndrome.

During heart surgery, the bypass was discovered substance p  surrounds the artery, and vessels an increase in substance P has a relation to coronary artery disease, heart failure increased liver enzyme and lipids, but also abdominal obesity. insomnia moodiness can be linked to an increase in substance p. Elevated levels of cortisol can cause memory loss an imbalance in hormones mood changes and hair loss. Elevated levels of glutamate might result in cell damage or death that leads to memory loss, muscle loss, and bone decrease, insulin resistance can be linked to heart failure. The patient I believe has the Vascular coronary artery disease and the patient is close to having a heart attack.

The rain.McGill.ca(n.d) I_03 retrieved August 12,2018 from

http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/i/i_03/i_03_m/i_03_m_dou/i_03_m_dou.html

Ncbi.nlm Nih.gov (n.d) Articles PMC 2964977

Retrieved August 11. 2018 from

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4450674/

Ncvi.nlm.nih.gov(n.d) Articles PMC 2963977 retrieved August 11, 2018 from

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2964977/

Victoria Caraway 

Substance P is a small peptide that's released when your nervous system is stimulated. It's involved in regulation of the pain threshold (the point at which sensation is perceived as pain). Increased levels of substance P can make nerves more sensitive to pain and heighten your awareness of pain.

Substance P is a neurotransmitter, or brain chemical, that stimulates pain receptors in the body. If a person's substance P levels are elevated, his or her perception of pain may be greatly exaggerated. Some scientists have investigated whether high levels of substance P play a role in the pain associated with fibromyalgia. More research is needed on the link between substance P and fibromyalgia. Research suggests that some people with fibromyalgia may have elevated levels of substance P. This is believed to be one of several abnormalities in the nervous system that work together to increase pain sensitivity in the condition, a process that's often referred to as "turning up the volume" on pain

https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-substance-p-715867

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RE: Unit 6 Unidentified Condition: Neurogenic Inflammation - Click here to respond

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What is Substance P and why would it cause an increased transmission of nociceptive impulses within the peripheral nervous system?

Substance P is an undecapeptide member of the tachykinin neuropeptide family. It is a neuropeptide, acting as a neurotransmitter and as a neuromodulator. Substance P and its closely related neurokinin A are produced from a polyprotein precursor after differential splicing of the preprotachykinin A gene.

Substance P is a small peptide that transmits pain signals from the sensory nerves to the central nervous system. It has also been associated with the regulation of stress and anxiety. This compound is thought to contribute to such painful disorders as arthritis and fibromyalgia.  

Peptides are small chains of amino acids. A neuropeptide is a one that is involved in mediating sensations and emotional responses, such as pleasure, pain, thirst, and hunger. Examples are compounds called endorphins, which mediate sensations of pleasure, and substance P, which transmits feelings of pain and anxiety. Such chemicals are known as nuerotransmitters, and are the means of communication between nerve cells.

Substance P, also known as SP, is found in the spinal cord and brain.  For SP to transmit its signal, it must bind to a molecule that will relay the signal to the central nervous system. Such a compound is known as a receptor. SP binds to a receptor that is part of a family of receptors known as the neurokinin 1 receptors. Thus, the feeling of pain or inflammation in the skin, joints, or muscles is transmitted to the brain to be perceived as pain. 

Yes, week one through three i feel that stress is a main factor in mostly all of the conditions. I feel that they all have a connection through stress or caused by stress. 

https://www.sharecare.com/health/fibromyalgia-causes/what-substance-related-fibromyalgia

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Maya Jones 

Maya Jones

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Substance P is a 11 amino acid molecule derived from the preprotachykinin A gene. This gene is widely distributed in the central, peripheral, and enteric nervous systems of many species. Substance P functions in the central nervous system as a neurotransmitter and is localized in distinct areas of the brain important in affecting behavior and the neurochemical response to both psychological and somatic stress. Substance P is also present at sites of inflammation and inflammation can enhance its expression. Substance P would cause an increased transmission of nociceptive impulses within the peripheral nervous system because it is released when noxious stimuli are communicated through the central and peripheral nervous system. Nociceptive are specific receptors throughout the body that detect potentially damaging stimuli. This symptom could surely be related to certain conditions like fibromyalgia which affects the way the brain processes pain signals. I can see connections between the symptoms between weeks 1-6. Neurons in the brain affect the way we feel pain and handle stress. When various symptoms affect our neurons to a point where they die or are altered, can take a toll on the body and create all type of health problems due to obesity, old age or diabetes.

Marshayia Wade 

RE: Unit 6 Unidentified Condition: Neurogenic Inflammation - Click here to respond

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  Substance p is a small peptide that transmits pain signals from the sensory nerves to the central nervous system. Its made up with 11 amino acids that scattered throughout the body and in special endocrine cells in the gut. It increases the contractions of gastrointestinal smooth muscles and causes vasodiatation. It is one of the most potent vasoactive substance. It seems to be sensory neurotransmitter involving pain, touch, and  temperature . Substance p can function as a neurotransmitter. It allows it to do activities with the brain cell. Thats why I think substance p is a factor.

  Cortisol levels is a steroid hormone in the glucocorticoid class. It is produced in humans by the fasciculate of the adrenal gland. It release and respond to stress and low blood pressure glucose concentration. Fibbromyalgia can caused stress als. They are both neurotransmitter that has the same characteristics.I really think this symptom is similar to the last weeks symptoms

www.ncbinlm.nih.gov/pml/articles/pmc3153853/

www.medicalsubstance.com

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RE: Unit 6 Unidentified Condition: Neurogenic Inflammation - Click here to respond

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The sensory function of substance P is thought to be related to the transmission of pain information into the central nervous system. Substance P is a neuropeptide substance that functions as a neurotransmitter. Substance P is thought to have a role in the regulation of asthma, pain, psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease and, in the CNS, emesis, migraine, schizophrenia, depression and anxiety. Nociceptive is relating to pain arising from the stimulation of nerve cells. It is the sensory nervous’ system response to harmful stimuli.

 Fibromyalgia is widespread muscle pain. Substance P is a contributing factor in the symptoms of fibromyalgia.  Substance P is found at an elevated level in the cerebrospinal fluid of fibromyalgia (FM) patients. It's one of several neurotransmitters believed to be dysregulated in fibromyalgia. A common fibromyalgia symptom is heightened pain sensitivity, which could involve a higher than normal level of substance P.

There is some connection between the previous symptoms such as homeostasis, and metabolism. They tie into the same disease/disorder.

NCBI. Substance P and Chronic Pain in Patients with Chronic Inflammation of Connective Tissue. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4622041/

Very well Health. Substance P in Fibromyalgia. (December 30, 2017). Retrieved on August 15, 2018 from https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-substance-p-715867

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