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University campus traffic safety is an important part of university safety management. With the increasing of motor vehicle ownership and the increase of university campus opening degree, the campus traffic safety issue has been paid more and more attention. According to the research from the articles and published books, there are plenty reasons such as park disorderly because lack of parking space, lack of traffic facilities and ignore the rules that caused the safety issue. The main advices can help to solve the problems are strengthen management, complete the system and education the related person.
The campus transportation system is an important part of college campus planning, along with the constant enlargement of the university campus space scale, the university campus in both China and America in terms of scale are part of the town. However, lack of a complete set of theory and design method with the campus transportation planning form is still exist. the questions that I am considering is if there is any safety issues around campus base on transportation?
The rapid development for higher education, the amount of college students are increasing. At the same time, increasing of cars on the campus that directly cause the parking issues. As the campus open to the public and the function work of the logistics socialization. The vertical rate are increasing. In China, the order of the transportation is being messy and traffic accidents has been increased. To a certain extent, it serious influence of campus security and stability. There is a journal article called “The university campus transportation status reasons and the countermeasure analysis” the author, Feiqi Wang studies the situation of the transportation system in universities in China and points out the issues that they are facing right now. First of all, he mentioned that the defects of the system on safety management, which leads the campus traffic management University campus traffic safety management is generally self-management, but defence is not law enforcement, no right to punishment and peccancy vehicles on campus, only the traffic police department has the right to deal with them.But in fact, the law enforcement not actively into the university campus, result in drivers don't obey the management of security guards, which is seriously threat to the campus traffic safety. In addition, lack of parking, makes vehicles park on the road and the pavement encroachment on both side. Most campus have dormitory, classroom building, dining hall and restaurants, the repast and activities occupy the gap time between classes could easily cause accidents.
Based on the article, “Transportation problems and it’s solution.” the authors mentioned the solution that universities use other than China to help develop the transportation system. They introduces, the University of California, Los Angeles has built 14 parking lot for the teachers and students and other employees around teaching and research building. Foreign business anchor on the side of the road of the campus the vehicles for short periods of time, need to make table billing. "STOP" sign around the campus all traffic intersection, It requires that the vehicles must make people preferred by through campus, and drew out the pedestrian. Don't allow parking temporary parking Spaces, parking Spaces for disabled persons, seat and allow parking time limit clearly marked on the campus road. The state university of New York: teaching areas prohibit motor vehicle, the school has free shuttle for teachers and students, seven days a week, and run 20 hours a day. The campus vehicle shall not exceed 15 miles per hour. At the university of Auckland, New Zealand: teaching central district road shall practise a system ban of motor vehicle, in addition to the use of the vehicle bus, bicycle, the disabled, other than the university bus and implement emergency service vehicles and other vehicles shall be no thoroughfare. And the cars be allowed to pass through this section , the speed to strict rules has to be 10 km and under. Dublin institute of technology set the electronic signs at the school gate, the route and parking areas, clear cites the driving directions and parking areas, the vertical are banned in teaching central district.
According all the research showed above, lack of parking space, incomplete system management and lack of traffic facilities are the main reason that may cause potential safety issues. Because of the national condition differences, parking inside the university in America is much easier than in China. The main reason is America has more complete system. First of all, large amount of parking structure take over the campus area in universities in America. Parking permit plays the important role for the students and teachers who drive to school. The person who own the permit would be able to park at the designated areas. Base on the University of California San Diego, there are six type permits, which include faculty and senior staff parking, staff and graduate student parking, students parking, off-peak hours staff parking, night & weekend parking and motorcycle parking. For those who does not have parking permit, the parking kiosk can be seen everywhere on the campus. The parking charge by hours which is $2 per hour or purchase whole day for $20, cash and card are both acceptable, once finish the paying, take out the receipt that it printed and then leave it inside the car on the front of windscreen. A book named “Modern urban transportation system” that wrote by Lihua Piao said, In 1990, President Bush formally published the disabilities Act (Americans with Disability Act of 1990, "ADA"). In 2010, the U.S. justice department update the ADA design specifications, the design in the parking lot, must make the pledge that we shall have a barrier-free under 25 parking parking space;100 parking Spaces below must have five disabled parking space. The blue background with white Symbol of wheelchair, as an International common barrier-free facilities marks (English name International Symbol of Access), sometimes this logo draws on the ground. Without parking permit, the car that on the disabled parking spot can gets ticket. The campus transportation planning is part of the whole campus planning. The article, “The sustainable development of the modern university campus traffic planning research” The author Xiaonian Xie mentioned that the traffic is not only an important carrier of entertainment for student campus life, it also affect campus management tools. Transportation is the core of school management, in the whole school management and planning should cause more attention. Zongbo Tan mentioned in his book “urban planning” For solving the traffic problems, not isolated one-sided consideration, everything is developing and connected. The campus transportation need to work together on various aspects. Traffic problems on campus is about all the teachers and students in school and the vital interests of the faculty, everyone is closely linked, school leaders, teachers, students should actively take action. In addition, the transportation issues need a lot of knowledge of discipline and coordination of various departments. The campus transportation management requires strong leadership. Promoting in the campus traffic planning decision-making, engaged in transportation research of the teacher's voice. Professional people do professional thing, it can only be scientific and rational for the campus through the planning and design. The campus transportation management should be heavy handed and geared of all people. some university campus in order to meet the needs of a growing number of motor vehicles, road planning, construction and campus management policy is too tilted to the car, and non-motor vehicle not only lanes to motor vehicles, but also start parking on the sidewalk, the campus are turning into the car campus, which lead to traffic congestion, increase the incidence of accidents, campus environment pollution issues and so on. Therefore, the campus transportation management and planning should let more people feel equal.
There are some advises for develop the transportation system in the universities in China. First of all, further improve the transportation system. The principal should carefully prevent the campus traffic accident, comprehensive grasp the campus traffic safety facilities, parking facilities planning for further detailed baseline screening. Screening results to establish archives, form a complete campus road transportation management information, insist on regular screening per semester, grasp the campus road traffic safety situation and to carry out the targeted management to find the weak links, prevent the school traffic accident and maintain campus stability. School should make plan for hiring guards and security management professional training and supervise security guards, strengthen the road patrol, dissuade in time if find a dangerous driving situations. Secondly, try to rise the level of transportation safety. The traffic administrative department of the school needs to strengthening the management of campus road driving, speeding, retrograde and parking not follow the provisions. Third, develop on traffic facilities, such as bulid signal lights and “STOP” sign just as other universities outside the China, and also limit the vehicles that can enter to school. At the same time, strengthening the traffic safety education of students，so that they can understand the meaning of various types of traffic signals and improve self-protection ability to reduce the campus traffic accident. Fourth, standardize the management of shuttle and bus. School should hire the drivers who own the bonle professional morals, experienced and with great record and then signed a letter of responsibility for safe driving and in order to establish the corresponding education and management system. Strengthening the school bus driver education and management, to improve the driver's traffic safety awareness. Fifth, cooperation and cooperation, strengthen the linkage with the local law enforcement agencies. The relevant departments of the school should take the practical work of the school road traffic safety as a practical implementation of the scientific concept of development, build a harmonious campus, safeguard the fundamental profit of the teachers and students, strengthen the communication of information, actively cooperate and take practical measures to strengthen. Strengthen the contact with the local executive departments such as traffic police and cooperation. One is conducive to the school security department of business guidance, while helping the security sector strengthen the campus traffic safety publicity and management efforts to help deal with campus traffic accidents and motor vehicles violations; the second is to help schools to strengthen the school gate and the surrounding traffic and keep in in order, to ensure the safety of teachers and students. Lastly, scientifically and targeted to plan the construction of campus transport infrastructure, increase investment, improve the mechanism, improve the scientific and technological content. In view of the risks of school traffic safety, the school should increase the capital investment and improve all kinds of transportation facilities. The current campus traffic management system can not meet the needs of the development of colleges and universities. Standardized parking management, effective control of outside vehicles, so as to achieve the reduction of motor vehicle traffic on campus, reduce traffic accidents and create a good campus traffic environment. The article named, “Analysis on the Current Situation of University Campus.” Junbing Xu mentioned that some colleges and universities have established the traffic management mode of the campus intelligent contact IC card ( A plastic card containing a computer chip and enabling the holder to purchase goods and services) induction system, and the campus traffic order has obviously improved, and the campus traffic accident is obviously reduced.
In sum, the traffic management of colleges and universities related to the peace of the staff and students, related to the safety and stability of colleges and universities, which requires us to give full play to the role of university traffic managers in the work of scientific development concept of continuous learning, exploration and practice in order to make the university's traffic management work to keep up with the pace of the times, and truly for the safe campus construction.