quiz 38 Qs
The War on Drugs
Failed Crime Policy
The Drug War
Criminologist Charles McCaghy:
“In baseball a player with three strikes is out. But after three dismal failures in trying to stop the use of alcohol, opiates, and marijuana, the US government still stands at the plate determined to smash the hell out of the drug problem. Unlike ballplayers, who adjust to the peculiarities of various pitchers and who put past experience to use, US legislators subscribe to a single-minded philosophy – if you don’t hit it, you’re not swinging hard enough.”
Nixon and Reagan
Nixon declared a war on heroin in 1969
Reagan proclaimed a war on drugs in 1980
The Money
Nixon started with $65 million
By 1982, the cost was $1.65 billion
In 1992, the cost was $17.1 billion
It costs about $8.6 billion a year to incarcerate convicted drug law violators
The economic drug costs of drug abuse in the US are $97.66 billion of which about 60%
Police Corruption and the Drug War
Intensive Drug Enforcement Efforts
Usually lead to corruption of law enforcement and other criminal justice personnel.
The immense amounts of money generated by the drug trade makes it possible for a large number of inducements to be made.
Alcohol Prohibition
Nothing New
Police corruption related to liquor and gambling laws has been well documented in virtually every American city during the early 1900s.
The same type of corruption is rampant today.
Police Convictions
Half of all police officers convicted as result of FBI initiated corruption investigations between 1993 and 1997 were involved in drug-related offenses.
According to the NY Times, more than 100 drug corruption cases involving police officers are prosecuted in federal and state courts each year
1998 GAO (General Accounting Office) Report
…several studies and investigations of drug-related police corruption found on-duty police officers engaged in serious criminal activities, such as (1) conducting unconstitutional searches and seizures; (2) stealing money and/or drugs from drug dealers; (3) selling stolen drugs; (4) protecting drug operations; (5) providing false testimony; and (6) submitting false crime reports.
Miami
Over 75 Miami police officers were under investigation for involvement in criminal activities including drug dealing, robbery, theft, and murder.
Police ambushed drug dealers bringing cocaine into Miami. The investigation revealed that officers loaded the cocaine into marked police vehicles and three of the suspects jumped into the river and drowned.
New Orleans
11 police officers were convicted for taking $100,000 in bribes from undercover agents to protect a cocaine supply warehouse holding 286 pounds of cocaine.
Philadelphia
Since 1995, 10 police officers from Philadelphia’s 39th District have been charged with planting drugs on suspects, shaking down drug dealers for hundreds of thousands of dollars, and breaking into homes to steal drugs and cash.
Drug War on Patterns of Police Corruption
The GAO found that the war on drugs had changed police corruption in two major ways:
First, with regard to motive, the GAO found traditional patterns of greed but the report also found growing patterns of vigilantism.
Although profit was found to be a motive common to traditional and drug-related police corruption, New York City’s Mollen Commission identified power and vigilante justice as two additional motives for drug-related police corruption.
In Addition
The GAO suggest that the war on drugs was resulting in more systematized and organized patterns of police corruption:
The most commonly identified pattern of drug-related corruption involved small groups of officers who protected and assisted each other in criminal activities, rather than the traditional pattern of non-drug-related police corruption that involved just a few isolated individuals or systemic corruption pervading an entire police department or precinct.
Racial Inequality in the Criminal Justice System – Why?
Nationally, The Black Population is Being Imprisoned at Alarming Rates
Upwards of 40% of the Black male population is under the supervision of the correctional system (prison, jail, parole, probation)
Estimated “lifetime expectancy” of spending some time in prison is at least 29% for young Black men.
About 12% of Black men in their 20s are in prison, about 20% of all Black men have been in prison
7% of Black children, 2.6% of Hispanic children, .8% of White children had a parent in prison in 1997 – lifetime expectancy much higher
About Rates & Disparity Ratios
Imprisonment and arrest rates are expressed as the rate per 100,000 of the appropriate population
Example: In 1999 Wisconsin new prison sentences
1021 Whites imprisoned, White population of Wisconsin was 4,701,123. 1021 ÷ 4701123 = .000217. Multiply .00021 by 100,000 = 22, the imprisonment rate per 100,000 population.
1,266 Blacks imprisoned, Black population of Wisconsin was 285,308. 1266 ÷ 285308 = .004437. Multiply by 100,000 = 444
Calculate Disparity Ratios by dividing rates: 444/22 = 20.4 the Black/White ratio in new prison sentence rates
US Prison Admissions by Race
20
The rising disparity before 1975 was due to the greater decline in White imprisonment rates relative to Black.
The 1970’s Policy Shift
Shift to determinate sentencing, higher penalties
LEAA, increased funding for police departments
Crime becomes a political issue
Drug war funding gives incentives to police to generate drug arrests & convictions
Post-civil rights post-riots competitive race relations, race-coded political rhetoric?
Imprisonment Has Increased While Crime Has Declined
Imprisonment rates are a function of responses to crime, not a function of crime itself
Property crimes declined steadily between 1970s and 2000
Violent crime declined modestly overall, with smaller ups and downs in the period
The Drug War
Most of the increase in Black imprisonment & imprisonment disparity is due to drug offenses.
Drug use rates have generally declined since the 1980s, while drug imprisonments have increased.
Black adult drug use rates are only slightly higher than White while their imprisonment rates for drugs are enormous
Among juveniles, Blacks use illegal drugs less than Whites, but Black juveniles have much higher drug arrest rates.
Current Illicit Drug Use Among Adults (National Patterns)
6.6 percent for Whites
6.8 percent for Hispanics
7.7 percent for Blacks
10.6 percent for American Indian/Alaska Natives (this is largely marijuana, rates for other drugs are lower than other races)
11.2 percent for persons reporting multiple race
3.2 percent for Asians
Source: 1999 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse
National Black Prison Sentences by Offense
National White Prison Sentences by Offense
National Black/White Disparity in Prison Sentences, by Offense
These trends have major social consequences
Offenders are parts of families & communities
The vast majority of offenders WILL GET OUT. Does prison help or hurt their likelihood of becoming productive members of society?
Many have children, and all have families
Families bear significant costs when a family member is imprisoned both from lost earning potential of the offender AND other costs (phone calls, prison visits etc.)
Even short prison terms generate lifetime reductions in earning capacity
Women are unwilling to marry men with prison records: contributes to “single motherhood”
Incarceration Exacerbates the Effects of Racial Discrimination
Next few slides are from research by Devah Pager
This was a controlled experiment in which matched pairs of applicants applied for entry-level jobs advertised in Milwaukee newspapers
Figure 1. The Effect of a Criminal Record on Employment Opportunities for Whites
31
Figure 2. The Effect of a Criminal Record for Black and White Job Applicants
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Why Black Men’s Incarceration Increases Black Child Poverty
33
Changes in enforcement regimes can have major effects through system feedbacks
What is to be done?
Factors include a combination of bias, real differences in serious crime, social & political conditions
Patterns are arising from the core structures of our society
What is there to be done? Is there anything to be done?
The Bias of Sentencing and the Drug War’s additions
Once Guilty
It falls on the courts to had down a sentence appropriate to the crime and its circumstances.
The doctrine of equality, fairness, and equal protection under the law dictates that this decision not be affected by extraneous factors such as race, gender, or socioeconomic status.
But, do these factors play a role?
Minority and Poor
Research shows that minority group members (particularly African-Americans) and the poor get longer sentences, have less chance of gaining parole or probation, even when the seriousness of the crime and criminal record of the defendants are held constant.
Chiricos and Bales (1991)
1,970 defendants arrested in Florida found both race and class bias.
They found unemployed black defendants are most likely to be imprisoned.
South Dakota
Study compared the severity of punishment meted out to whites and Native Americans.
Race was the statistically significant variable which explained the differences in punishment severity.
Detroit
In a study of 8,414 Detroit area defendants convicted of violent felonies, Spohn and Cederblom (1991) determined that the defendant’s race had a direct effect on the decision to incarcerate and an indirect effect on sentence rate.
African-American defendants were more likely to be sentenced to prison.
Death Penalty
Blacks who kill white victims are two times more likely to get the death penalty than whites who kill whites.
Blacks who killed whites were 15X more likely to get the death penalty than blacks who killed blacks.
SES
Rarely are those arrested for white collar crimes sent to prison.
In a study of Medicaid fraud the researchers found that only 38% of health-care professionals convicted of Medicaid fraud were sentenced to prison compared to 79% of grand theft defendants, even though the Medicaid fraud defendants caused average economic loss of 10 times greater.
“Quality of Mercy” is extended to these offenders.
Racism and the Drug War
African Americans represent 37% of all drug arrests.
42% of drug law violators in federal prisons and 60% of those in state prisons are African American.
Yet only 11% of the nation’s drug users are African-American.
Sentencing
Overall, 54% of African-Americans get sentenced to prison as opposed to 34% of whites for the same drug offenses.
In drug possession cases, 44% of blacks get prison time as compared to 37% of whites.
Between 1990 and 1996 the number of blacks in federal prison system for violent and property crimes decreased by 726, while the number of blacks in prison for drug offenses increased by 12,852.
Sentencing
Much of this deals with the targeting of crack.
Crack cocaine was the only controlled substance for which a first-time possession offense triggers a federal mandatory minimum sentence.
Being in possession of 5 grams of crack carries a mandatory 5 year minimum.
Sentencing
Simple possession of cocaine hydrochloride, the substance required to produce crack is a federal misdemeanor punishable by a maximum sentence of one year in the US.
In 1986, prior to mandatory minimums for crack offenses the average drug sentence for African-Americans was 11% higher than that of whites. By 1990, it was 49% higher.
Sentencing
Under the new federal minimums, first-time crack and low-level crack dealers receive an average sentence of 10 years and six months.
That sentence is 59% longer than the average prison sentence for rapists, 38% longer than the average prison sentence for those convicted of weapons offenses, and only 18% shorter than the average prison sentence for those convicted of murder (US Sentencing Commission, 1995)
At present levels, a newborn black male has a 1 in 4 chance of being sentenced to prison during their lifetime compared to a 1 in 23 chance for a newborn white male.
Dorsey vs. The United States
In one case, Edward Dorsey was arrested in 2008 and pleaded guilty in July 2010 to possessing 5.5 grams of crack with the intent to distribute. He was sentenced to a mandatory minimum 10 years; under the new law, his sentence would likely have been around four years.
In the other case, Corey Hill was convicted in 2009 of selling 53 grams of crack in 2007 and sentenced to 10 years in prison; under the new law, his sentence would have been around five years.
Changes that happened under President Obama
Congress passed the Fair Sentencing Act and President Obama signed it into law after years of complaints about the sentencing disparities between crack and powder cocaine and the racial impact of those disparities.
Under laws passed in the late 1980s, it took 100 times as much powder cocaine to generate mandatory minimum prison sentences as it did for crack cocaine. The act reduced the quantity disparity to 18:1.
Under Trump?
At the beginning of his presidency his team began a re-escalation of the drug war. Attorney General Jeff Sessions, an old-school drug warrior, criticized Holder’s policies and suggested that he’ll reverse them.
“You have to able to arrest people and then you’re intervening in their destructive habit,” Sessions said. “Many people never ever recover from addiction — except by the grave.”
First Step Act (2018)
The measure aimed at reducing the number of people in the nation’s prisons would among other things, give judges more discretion in sentencing offenders for nonviolent crimes, particularly drug offenses, and bolster rehabilitation programs for former prisoners.
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Prision Admission Rate
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Black/White Ratio
White RateBlack RateRatio
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White Rate
Black Rate
Ratio
Prision Admission Rate
Black/White Ratio
32
82
2.5625
32
81
2.53125
35
86
2.4571428571
42
105
2.5
46
124
2.6956521739
50
129
2.58
47
121
2.5744680851
42
118
2.8095238095
41
121
2.9512195122
43
132
3.0697674419
39
124
3.1794871795
37
122
3.2972972973
40
133
3.325
38
128
3.3684210526
37
137
3.7027027027
32
125
3.90625
27
110
4.0740740741
22
90
4.0909090909
23
89
3.8695652174
23
95
4.1304347826
29
132
4.5517241379
27
105
3.8888888889
26
100
3.8461538462
29
105
3.6206896552
30
114
3.8
35
144
4.1142857143
31
134
4.3225806452
16
85
5.3125
16
79
4.9375
14
58
4.1428571429
22
97
4.4090909091
23
103
4.4782608696
27
146
5.4074074074
29
137
4.724137931
39
199
5.1025641026
39
207
5.3076923077
36
205
5.6944444444
35
176
5.0285714286
38
193
5.0789473684
43
230
5.3488372093
45
255
5.6666666667
110.7510419947
736.278785412
6.6480528955
recent
| Per 1000,000 Adults, in Prison or Jail | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White | Black | Ratio | Average sexes | Percent Under Correctional Supervision (both sexes) | State, Federal Prison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| WM | WF | BM | BF | BM/WM | BF/WF | W | B | White | Black | Other | B/W Ratio | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1985 | 528 | 27 | 3544 | 183 | 6.71 | 6.78 | 278 | 1864 | 1985 | 1.2 | 5.2 | 0.8 | 4.33 | Male | Female | Percent Black | Both Sexes in Prison | Population | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1986 | 570 | 29 | 3850 | 189 | 6.75 | 6.52 | 300 | 2020 | 1986 | 1.4 | 5.7 | 0.6 | 4.07 | All | W | B | All | W | B | Male | Female | Total | ||||||||||||||
| 1987 | 594 | 35 | 3943 | 216 | 6.64 | 6.17 | 315 | 2080 | 1987 | 1.4 | 6.2 | 0.6 | 4.43 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1988 | 629 | 41 | 4441 | 257 | 7.06 | 6.27 | 335 | 2349 | 1988 | 1.5 | 6.6 | 0.7 | 4.40 | in Prison | Pop | Rate per 100000 | Ratio | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1989 | 685 | 47 | 5066 | 321 | 7.40 | 6.83 | 366 | 2694 | 1989 | 1.6 | 7.3 | 0.7 | 4.56 | W | B | W | B | W | B | |||||||||||||||||
| 1990 | 711 | 48 | 5161 | 329 | 7.26 | 6.85 | 380 | 2745 | 1990 | 1.7 | 7.6 | 0.7 | 4.47 | 1990 | 699416 | 350700 | 340300 | 40564 | 20200 | 19700 | 0.487 | 0.486 | 0.486 | 1990 | 370900 | 360000 | 208710 | 30486 | 178 | 1181 | 6.64 | |||||
| 1991 | 732 | 51 | 5503 | 346 | 7.52 | 6.78 | 392 | 2925 | 1991 | 1.7 | 8 | 0.7 | 4.71 | 1991 | 745808 | 369200 | 366500 | 43802 | 21100 | 22000 | 0.491 | 0.502 | 0.492 | 1991 | 390300 | 388500 | 211015 | 31111 | 185 | 1249 | 6.75 | |||||
| 1992 | 766 | 53 | 5793 | 356 | 7.56 | 6.72 | 410 | 3075 | 1992 | 1.8 | 8.5 | 0.7 | 4.72 | 1992 | 799776 | 394500 | 393700 | 46501 | 22200 | 23600 | 0.492 | 0.508 | 0.493 | 1992 | 416700 | 417300 | 212953 | 31659 | 196 | 1318 | 6.74 | |||||
| 1993 | 797 | 55 | 6032 | 393 | 7.57 | 7.15 | 426 | 3213 | 1993 | 1.8 | 9 | 0.8 | 5.00 | 1993 | 878037 | 428700 | 434900 | 54037 | 25800 | 27300 | 0.495 | 0.505 | 0.496 | 1993 | 454500 | 462200 | 214789 | 32180 | 212 | 1436 | 6.79 | |||||
| 1994 | 842 | 61 | 6443 | 426 | 7.65 | 6.98 | 452 | 3435 | 1994 | 1.9 | 8.9 | 0.8 | 4.68 | 1994 | 956566 | 465300 | 474800 | 60125 | 28800 | 30200 | 0.496 | 0.502 | 0.497 | 1994 | 494100 | 505000 | 216470 | 32672 | 228 | 1546 | 6.77 | |||||
| 1995 | 907 | 65 | 6618 | 456 | 7.30 | 7.02 | 486 | 3537 | 1995 | 2 | 8.8 | 1.1 | 4.40 | 1995 | 1021059 | 487400 | 509800 | 63963 | 30500 | 31900 | 0.499 | 0.499 | 0.499 | 1995 | 517900 | 541700 | 218334 | 33117 | 237 | 1636 | 6.90 | |||||
| 1996 | 933 | 71 | 6608 | 472 | 7.08 | 6.65 | 502 | 3540 | 1996 | 2 | 8.9 | 1.2 | 4.45 | 1996 | 1068123 | 511300 | 528600 | 69599 | 33800 | 34000 | 0.495 | 0.489 | 0.494 | 1996 | 545100 | 562600 | 221048.682790224 | 34240.1192104724 | 247 | 1643 | 6.66 | |||||
| 1997 | 990 | 76 | 6838 | 491 | 6.91 | 6.46 | 533 | 3665 | 1997 | 2 | 9 | 1.3 | 4.50 | 1997 | 1121663 | 541700 | 548900 | 73835 | 36300 | 35500 | 0.489 | 0.481 | 0.489 | 1997 | 578000 | 584400 | 223763 | 35363 | 258 | 1653 | 6.40 | |||||
| 1926 | 1986 | 1990 | 1994 | 1997 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Black % of Prison | 21 | 44 | 49 | 50 | 49 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Black % of Pop | 10 | 12 | 12.3 | 12.5 | 12.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ratio of prison % to pop % | 2.10 | 3.67 | 3.98 | 4.00 | 3.86 |
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| in thousands | |||||||||||||||
| year | Whi Prison | Black Prison | Whi Pop | Black Pop | year | White Rate | Black Rate | Ratio | year | White Rate | Black Rate | Ratio | Whi*2.5 | ||
| 1920 | 94821 | 10463 | 1920 | 1926 | 32 | 82 | 2.5625 | 80 | |||||||
| 1921 | 96368 | 10606 | 1921 | 1927 | 32 | 81 | 2.53125 | 80 | |||||||
| 1922 | 97914 | 10749 | 1922 | 1928 | 35 | 86 | 2.4571428571 | 87.5 | |||||||
| 1923 | 99461 | 10891 | 1923 | 1929 | 42 | 105 | 2.5 | 105 | |||||||
| 1924 | 101007 | 11034 | 1924 | 1930 | 46 | 124 | 2.6956521739 | 115 | |||||||
| 1925 | 102554 | 11177 | 1925 | 1931 | 50 | 129 | 2.58 | 125 | |||||||
| 1926 | 33559 | 9274 | 104101 | 11320 | 1926 | 32 | 82 | 2.6 | 1932 | 47 | 121 | 2.5744680851 | 117.5 | ||
| 1927 | 34131 | 9290 | 105647 | 11463 | 1927 | 32 | 81 | 2.5 | 1933 | 42 | 118 | 2.8095238095 | 105 | ||
| 1928 | 37724 | 9959 | 107194 | 11605 | 1928 | 35 | 86 | 2.5 | 1934 | 41 | 121 | 2.9512195122 | 102.5 | ||
| 1929 | 45979 | 12362 | 108740 | 11748 | 1929 | 42 | 105 | 2.5 | 1935 | 43 | 132 | 3.0697674419 | 107.5 | ||
| 1930 | 50663 | 14771 | 110287 | 11891 | 1930 | 46 | 124 | 2.7 | 1936 | 39 | 124 | 3.1794871795 | 97.5 | ||
| 1931 | 55434 | 15441 | 111080 | 11989 | 1931 | 50 | 129 | 2.6 | 1937 | 37 | 122 | 3.2972972973 | 92.5 | ||
| 1932 | 52200 | 14613 | 111873 | 12086 | 1932 | 47 | 121 | 2.6 | 1938 | 40 | 133 | 3.325 | 100 | ||
| 1933 | 47717 | 14368 | 112665 | 12184 | 1933 | 42 | 118 | 2.8 | 1939 | 38 | 128 | 3.3684210526 | 95 | ||
| 1934 | 46744 | 14853 | 113458 | 12281 | 1934 | 41 | 121 | 3.0 | 1940 | 37 | 137 | 3.7027027027 | 92.5 | ||
| 1935 | 48582 | 16362 | 114251 | 12379 | 1935 | 43 | 132 | 3.1 | 1941 | 32 | 125 | 3.90625 | 80 | ||
| 1936 | 44708 | 15478 | 115044 | 12476 | 1936 | 39 | 124 | 3.2 | 1942 | 27 | 110 | 4.0740740741 | 67.5 | ||
| 1937 | 42940 | 15384 | 115837 | 12574 | 1937 | 37 | 122 | 3.3 | 1943 | 22 | 90 | 4.0909090909 | 55 | ||
| 1938 | 46655 | 16875 | 116629 | 12671 | 1938 | 40 | 133 | 3.3 | 1944 | 23 | 89 | 3.8695652174 | 57.5 | ||
| 1939 | 44900 | 16309 | 117422 | 12769 | 1939 | 38 | 128 | 3.4 | 1945 | 23 | 95 | 4.1304347826 | 57.5 | ||
| 1940 | 44258 | 17677 | 118215 | 12866 | 1940 | 37 | 137 | 3.7 | 1946 | 29 | 132 | 4.5517241379 | 72.5 | ||
| 1941 | 38927 | 16355 | 119909 | 13084 | 1941 | 32 | 125 | 3.9 | 1947 | 27 | 105 | 3.8888888889 | 67.5 | ||
| 1942 | 32482 | 14660 | 121602 | 13302 | 1942 | 27 | 110 | 4.1 | 1948 | 26 | 100 | 3.8461538462 | 65 | ||
| 1943 | 27616 | 12131 | 123296 | 13520 | 1943 | 22 | 90 | 4.1 | 1949 | 29 | 105 | 3.6206896552 | 72.5 | ||
| 1944 | 28280 | 12165 | 124989 | 13738 | 1944 | 23 | 89 | 3.9 | 1950 | 30 | 114 | 3.8 | 75 | ||
| 1945 | 29539 | 13207 | 126683 | 13956 | 1945 | 23 | 95 | 4.1 | 1960 | 35 | 144 | 4.1142857143 | 87.5 | ||
| 1946 | 37146 | 18655 | 128376 | 14173 | 1946 | 29 | 132 | 4.6 | 1964 | 31 | 134 | 4.3225806452 | 77.5 | ||
| 1947 | 35265 | 15139 | 130070 | 14391 | 1947 | 27 | 105 | 3.9 | 1970 | 16 | 85 | 5.3125 | 40 | ||
| 1948 | 34658 | 14549 | 131763 | 14609 | 1948 | 26 | 100 | 3.8 | 1974 | 16 | 79 | 4.9375 | 40 | ||
| 1949 | 38155 | 15640 | 133457 | 14827 | 1949 | 29 | 105 | 3.6 | 1975 | 14 | 58 | 4.1428571429 | 35 | ||
| 1950 | 40057 | 17211 | 135150 | 15045 | 1950 | 30 | 114 | 3.8 | 1976 | 22 | 97 | 4.4090909091 | 55 | ||
| 1951 | 137518 | 15428 | 1951 | 1977 | 23 | 103 | 4.4782608696 | 57.5 | |||||||
| 1952 | 139886 | 15810 | 1952 | 1978 | 27 | 146 | 5.4074074074 | 67.5 | |||||||
| 1953 | 142255 | 16193 | 1953 | 1979 | 29 | 137 | 4.724137931 | 72.5 | |||||||
| 1954 | 144623 | 16576 | 1954 | 1980 | 39 | 199 | 5.1025641026 | 97.5 | |||||||
| 1955 | 146991 | 16959 | 1955 | 1981 | 39 | 207 | 5.3076923077 | 97.5 | |||||||
| 1956 | 149359 | 17341 | 1956 | 1982 | 36 | 205 | 5.6944444444 | 90 | |||||||
| 1957 | 151727 | 17724 | 1957 | 1983 | 35 | 176 | 5.0285714286 | 87.5 | |||||||
| 1958 | 154096 | 18107 | 1958 | 1984 | 38 | 193 | 5.0789473684 | 95 | |||||||
| 1959 | 156464 | 18489 | 1959 | 1985 | 43 | 230 | 5.3488372093 | 107.5 | |||||||
| 1960 | 55253 | 27089 | 158832 | 18872 | 1960 | 35 | 144 | 4.1 | 1986 | 45 | 255 | 5.6666666667 | 112.5 | ||
| 1961 | 160759 | 19243 | 1961 | 1996 | 110.7510419947 | 736.278785412 | 6.6480528955 | 276.8776049869 | |||||||
| 1962 | 162685 | 19614 | 1962 | ||||||||||||
| 1963 | 164612 | 19985 | 1963 | 2.4611342665 | 2.8873677859 | ||||||||||
| 1964 | 52458 | 27191 | 166538 | 20356 | 1964 | 31 | 134 | 4.3 | |||||||
| 1965 | 168465 | 20727 | 1965 | 736.278785412 | 110.7510419947 | 6.6480528955 | |||||||||
| 1966 | 170392 | 21097 | 1966 | ||||||||||||
| 1967 | 172318 | 21468 | 1967 | ||||||||||||
| 1968 | 174245 | 21839 | 1968 | ||||||||||||
| 1969 | 176171 | 22210 | 1969 | 30 | 120 | 4 | |||||||||
| 1970 | 29354 | 19143 | 178098 | 22581 | 1970 | 16 | 85 | 5.3 | 33 | 132 | 4 | ||||
| 1971 | 179760 | 22991 | 1971 | 36.3 | 145.2 | 4 | |||||||||
| 1972 | 181421 | 23401 | 1972 | 39.93 | 159.72 | 4 | |||||||||
| 1973 | 183083 | 23812 | 1973 | 43.923 | 175.692 | 4 | |||||||||
| 1974 | 30045 | 19198 | 184744 | 24222 | 1974 | 16 | 79 | 4.9 | 48.3153 | 193.2612 | 4 | ||||
| 1975 | 26375 | 14380 | 186406 | 24632 | 1975 | 14 | 58 | 4.1 | 53.14683 | 212.58732 | 4 | ||||
| 1976 | 41841 | 24166 | 188067 | 25042 | 1976 | 22 | 97 | 4.4 | 58.461513 | 233.846052 | 4 | ||||
| 1977 | 42955 | 26184 | 189729 | 25452 | 1977 | 23 | 103 | 4.5 | 64.3076643 | 257.2306572 | 4 | ||||
| 1978 | 52548 | 37698 | 191390 | 25863 | 1978 | 27 | 146 | 5.4 | 70.73843073 | 282.95372292 | 4 | ||||
| 1979 | 55807 | 36004 | 193052 | 26273 | 1979 | 29 | 137 | 4.7 | 77.812273803 | 311.249095212 | 4 | ||||
| 1980 | 76382 | 53063 | 194713 | 26683 | 1980 | 39 | 199 | 5.1 | 85.5935011833 | 342.3740047332 | 4 | ||||
| 1981 | 75836 | 56025 | 196113 | 27063 | 1981 | 39 | 207 | 5.3 | 94.1528513016 | 376.6114052065 | 4 | ||||
| 1982 | 70638 | 56169 | 197512 | 27444 | 1982 | 36 | 205 | 5.7 | |||||||
| 1983 | 69381 | 48982 | 198912 | 27824 | 1983 | 35 | 176 | 5.0 | |||||||
| 1984 | 76936 | 54477 | 200312 | 28204 | 1984 | 38 | 193 | 5.1 | |||||||
| 1985 | 86494 | 65679 | 201712 | 28585 | 1985 | 43 | 230 | 5.3 | |||||||
| 1986 | 92274 | 73934 | 203111 | 28965 | 1986 | 45 | 255 | 5.7 | |||||||
| 1987 | 204511 | 29345 | 1987 | ||||||||||||
| 1988 | 205911 | 29725 | 1988 | ||||||||||||
| 1989 | 207310 | 30106 | 1989 | ||||||||||||
| 1990 | 370900 | 360000 | 208710 | 30486 | 1990 | 178 | 1181 | 6.6 | |||||||
| 1991 | 211015 | 31111 | 1991 | ||||||||||||
| 1992 | 212953 | 31659 | 1992 | ||||||||||||
| 1993 | 214789 | 32180 | 1993 | ||||||||||||
| 1994 | 216470 | 32672 | 1994 | ||||||||||||
| 1995 | 517900 | 541700 | 218334 | 33117 | 1995 | 237 | 1636 | 6.9 | |||||||
| 1996 | |||||||||||||||
| 1997 | 578000 | 584400 | 223763 | 35363 | 1997 | 258 | 1653 | 6.4 | |||||||
| 1998 |
1926-85
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
White Rate
Black Rate
Ratio
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Sheet3
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
White Rate
Black Rate
Ratio
Prision Admission Rate
Black/White Ratio
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Sheet4
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
White Rate
Black Rate
Ratio
Prision Admission Rate
Black/White Ratio
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Sheet5
| 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 |
constant disparity = 4, same growth rate
Sheet6
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
Whi*2.5
Black Rate
Ratio
Prision Admission Rate
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Sheet7
Sheet8
Sheet9
Sheet10
Black New Sentences per 100,000 pop, by offense. All States in NCRP
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
19831984198519861987198819891990199119921993199419951996199719981999
ViolentRob/BurTheftDrugOther
AdmTyp (3)
| 1983 | 52.5348079377 | 6.9011490168 |
| 1984 | 62.9523527037 | 7.1114192464 |
| 1985 | 68.453283302 | 7.2759821174 |
| 1986 | 67.9817578214 | 7.620146043 |
| 1987 | 77.8301116083 | 7.9786923121 |
| 1988 | 97.3628820847 | 9.1570258341 |
| 1989 | 96.8853298863 | 10.0245993207 |
| 1990 | 107.0663666374 | 10.1724905176 |
| 1991 | 101.9352546632 | 10.1070542642 |
| 1992 | 107.8696245625 | 10.114179916 |
| 1993 | 106.0905144694 | 10.0711632382 |
| 1994 | 106.9746767159 | 9.7100334745 |
| 1995 | 117.2905746685 | 9.2398475135 |
| 1996 | 114.1327455159 | 8.6823350307 |
| 1997 | 114.3024844805 | 8.1848609621 |
| 1998 | 124.5255122932 | 8.0160029812 |
| 1999 | 122.5468242504 | 7.9955869775 |
Calculated from National Corrections Reporting Program Data
Black
White
Disparity
Admissions per 100,000 population
Disparity ratio
Prison Admission Rates per 100,000 and Disparity, 1983-1999
362.5505381452
447.6805726234
498.0648651861
518.0309228593
620.9825131411
891.5544265324
971.2366121615
1089.1315993737
1030.2651503178
1091.0127902975
1068.454889249
1038.7276918365
1083.747024702
990.938734542
935.549943091
998.1968777831
979.8337921135
All (2)
| 1981 | 1981 | 1981 | |
| 1982 | 1982 | 1982 | |
| 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 6.9011490168 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 7.1114192464 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 7.2759821174 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 7.620146043 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 7.9786923121 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 9.1570258341 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 10.0245993207 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 10.1724905176 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 10.1070542642 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 10.114179916 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 10.0711632382 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 9.7100334745 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 9.2398475135 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 8.6823350307 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 8.1848609621 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 8.0160029812 |
| 9.176060938 | 8.0866604529 | 7.9955869775 |
Admissions data calculated from NCRP, In prison from CPUS
Revocation Prob/Parole
NewSentence
InPrison
AllAdmits
Black/White Disparity Ratios in Imprisonment Rates (State Prisons, Totals)
7.1135233748
7.0812052307
7.5521164211
6.8577998667
7.0880768609
8.2389670835
6.8040136583
6.9750816773
8.6290101346
7.0152091957
6.8856114636
8.9334083967
7.1708544703
7.1124784181
8.4938202805
7.658752252
7.1183454903
9.2752291221
9.0337585026
7.3410094102
10.0216702417
9.9234192388
7.636665386
10.1141420228
10.1136704479
7.7113037627
10.1588798497
9.9032224626
7.884877547
10.4548088199
9.9025060559
7.9107131608
11.2830472719
9.493192354
7.9728244332
11.1942654264
9.239863559
8.0186574815
10.6256222378
8.9375430156
8.8336648518
10.0745290839
8.4187252577
8.5348249625
9.2754886727
8.1625603313
8.3630540802
9.0810292932
7.9644409865
8.1836377725
Notes
| Generated 1/5/04 |
| Data Set from which these graphs were generated is ncrp_cpus_time_series.dta |
| Tables summed prison frequencies & population across states to generate national totals by year. |
| These raw numbers are used to calculate rates and disparities in the data tables in this file. |
| Graphs are on the front worksheets, data tables are in the back. |
| Initial graphs compare disparities in CPUS and types of admits |
| Next graphs give black & white incarceration rates from CPUS, comparing all states to those in NCRP |
| Offense graphs from NCRP show total new sentences by offense category, disparities + black & white rates |
| 1/6-7/03 |
| Added data on total admissions |
| Added data on CPUS for non-NCRP states |
All
| 1981 | 1981 | 1981 | 7.1135233094 | ||
| 1982 | 1982 | 1982 | 7.0812054235 | ||
| 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 7.1140350538 | 6.9011490168 | 7.0905296952 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 6.9910238389 | 7.1114192464 | 7.0416827526 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 6.8629812648 | 7.2759821174 | 7.1807920442 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 7.1903763161 | 7.620146043 | 6.899819763 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 7.1982159304 | 7.9786923121 | 6.9345402011 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 7.4102601896 | 9.1570258341 | 7.2251158034 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 7.6599912078 | 10.0245993207 | 7.7517860008 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 7.7645907315 | 10.1724905176 | 7.6396475298 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 7.9157015818 | 10.1070542642 | 7.9670374576 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 7.8985942509 | 10.114179916 | 8.2416315929 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 7.9845841402 | 10.0711632382 | 8.1881768119 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 8.0187243707 | 9.7100334745 | 8.274780396 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 9.0818346024 | 9.2398475135 | 7.8618798115 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 8.7851105913 | 8.6823350307 | 7.5752068487 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 8.5867167273 | 8.1848609621 | 7.5674264309 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 8.3930377482 | 8.0160029812 | 7.4754412872 |
| 9.176060938 | 8.0866604529 | 7.9955869775 |
PPRev
NewSent
InPrison
InPrison/NCRP
AllAdmits
InPrison/NotNCRP
Black/White Disparity Ratios in Imprisonment Rates (State Prisons, Totals)
7.1135233748
7.0812052307
7.5521164211
6.8577998667
7.0880768609
8.2389670835
6.8040136583
6.9750816773
8.6290101346
7.0152091957
6.8856114636
8.9334083967
7.1708544703
7.1124784181
8.4938202805
7.658752252
7.1183454903
9.2752291221
9.0337585026
7.3410094102
10.0216702417
9.9234192388
7.636665386
10.1141420228
10.1136704479
7.7113037627
10.1588798497
9.9032224626
7.884877547
10.4548088199
9.9025060559
7.9107131608
11.2830472719
9.493192354
7.9728244332
11.1942654264
9.239863559
8.0186574815
10.6256222378
8.9375430156
8.8336648518
10.0745290839
8.4187252577
8.5348249625
9.2754886727
8.1625603313
8.3630540802
9.0810292932
7.9644409865
8.1836377725
CPUS
| 1983 | 1983 | 1983 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 1984 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 1985 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 1986 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 1987 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 1988 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 1989 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 1990 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 1991 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 1992 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 1993 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 1994 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 1995 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 1996 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 1997 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 1998 |
CPUS all
CPUS in NCRP
CPUS not NCRP
Year
Black/White Disparity in CPUS Imprisonment Rates for states in and not in the NCRP
7.0880768609
7.1140350538
7.0905296952
6.9750816773
6.9910238389
7.0416827526
6.8856114636
6.8629812648
7.1807920442
7.1124784181
7.1903763161
6.899819763
7.1183454903
7.1982159304
6.9345402011
7.3410094102
7.4102601896
7.2251158034
7.636665386
7.6599912078
7.7517860008
7.7113037627
7.7645907315
7.6396475298
7.884877547
7.9157015818
7.9670374576
7.9107131608
7.8985942509
8.2416315929
7.9728244332
7.9845841402
8.1881768119
8.0186574815
8.0187243707
8.274780396
8.8336648518
9.0818346024
7.8618798115
8.5348249625
8.7851105913
7.5752068487
8.3630540802
8.5867167273
7.5674264309
8.1836377725
8.3930377482
7.4754412872
New
| 1983 |
| 1984 |
| 1985 |
| 1986 |
| 1987 |
| 1988 |
| 1989 |
| 1990 |
| 1991 |
| 1992 |
| 1993 |
| 1994 |
| 1995 |
| 1996 |
| 1997 |
| 1998 |
| 1999 |
Disparity
Year
Disparity New Sentences
6.8577998667
6.8040136583
7.0152091957
7.1708544703
7.658752252
9.0337585026
9.9234192388
10.1136704479
9.9032224626
9.9025060559
9.493192354
9.239863559
8.9375430156
8.4187252577
8.1625603313
7.9644409865
8.0866604529
PP
| 1983 |
| 1984 |
| 1985 |
| 1986 |
| 1987 |
| 1988 |
| 1989 |
| 1990 |
| 1991 |
| 1992 |
| 1993 |
| 1994 |
| 1995 |
| 1996 |
| 1997 |
| 1998 |
| 1999 |
Disparity PP Revocations
7.5521164211
8.2389670835
8.6290101346
8.9334083967
8.4938202805
9.2752291221
10.0216702417
10.1141420228
10.1588798497
10.4548088199
11.2830472719
11.1942654264
10.6256222378
10.0745290839
9.2754886727
9.0810292932
9.176060938
TotAdmits
| 1983 | 1983 | 3.7521879421 | 0.0401412748 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 2.7015285422 | 0.1145542077 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 2.705545009 | 0.1316643855 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 2.948726591 | 0.1773139962 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 2.5840543176 | 0.1438617406 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 2.1974716697 | 0.113597321 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 2.5397912891 | 0.1600404006 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 2.5286437153 | 0.1563797094 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 3.149624929 | 0.162984871 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 3.1072916844 | 0.2115890572 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 3.1547576048 | 0.2337477461 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 3.4616055918 | 0.2485793369 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 3.3144569734 | 0.2052021388 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 3.5277069845 | 0.2325121932 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 3.4838059167 | 0.2643532502 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 3.3935263208 | 0.3173557702 |
| 1999 | 1999 | 3.2964294304 | 0.2899912903 |
Black
Hispanic
AmerInd
Asian
Year
Minority/White Disparity All Admits
6.9011490168
1.9694764348
7.1114192464
2.2281719776
7.2759821174
3.6534728502
7.620146043
4.4050585738
7.9786923121
4.2484649645
9.1570258341
3.9120644665
10.0245993207
4.2319265239
10.1724905176
4.1862352345
10.1070542642
3.8167453114
10.114179916
4.1602760287
10.0711632382
3.8523111207
9.7100334745
3.827283263
9.2398475135
3.8686062875
8.6823350307
3.5246700071
8.1848609621
3.3138378523
8.0160029812
2.88599485
7.9955869775
2.6399429698
CPUS rates
| 1981 | 900.4202987606 | 126.5786657897 | 900.4202895692 | ||
| 1982 | 999.1793982938 | 141.1030131375 | 999.1794218971 | ||
| 1983 | 1041.1937701364 | 141.8313471156 | 1008.9931751098 | 179.7743889881 | 1274.6956435524 |
| 1984 | 1077.7961206162 | 149.2122299922 | 1043.1462569305 | 188.989029347 | 1330.8007883761 |
| 1985 | 1146.6649624423 | 160.9023830371 | 1104.2700402458 | 203.1010451238 | 1458.4263690003 |
| 1986 | 1232.6180747392 | 165.8120682466 | 1192.2511684441 | 221.9942469052 | 1531.7202920792 |
| 1987 | 1298.259846346 | 173.732290872 | 1250.5625437824 | 238.8103171861 | 1656.0397449539 |
| 1988 | 1418.8083282015 | 184.364188961 | 1366.1866098544 | 251.5667652487 | 1817.5990111977 |
| 1989 | 1624.7894901557 | 204.6526288047 | 1567.6373373025 | 265.9338622046 | 2061.4623901745 |
| 1990 | 1734.4976664124 | 216.8552395095 | 1683.7921827771 | 277.9823122845 | 2123.6868853593 |
| 1991 | 1839.2340269009 | 224.9257303958 | 1780.4449598771 | 287.981627232 | 2294.3604112662 |
| 1992 | 1938.5539580861 | 237.3296178188 | 1874.5703548625 | 295.6123624758 | 2436.3281858306 |
| 1993 | 2042.3254675569 | 247.4663284333 | 1975.9157212318 | 312.8151827406 | 2561.3860257325 |
| 1994 | 2212.1272122441 | 268.4091175011 | 2152.2987318326 | 324.2156751301 | 2682.8135126428 |
| 1995 | 2360.2758154207 | 254.6962807874 | 2313.1094959466 | 347.7383449643 | 2733.8770739682 |
| 1996 | 2409.982412863 | 268.8584550471 | 2361.9512609854 | 368.5816128771 | 2792.0819581597 |
| 1997 | 2467.5655474464 | 280.4772119232 | 2408.3783672333 | 388.6054304186 | 2940.7430053214 |
| 1998 | 2522.4573943386 | 292.7513951911 | 2457.073510677 | 407.6264697056 | 3047.1877413792 |
White
Black
White NCRP
Black NCRP
White NotNCRP
Black NotNCRP
Year
In prison per 100,000
CPUS Imprisonment Rates per 100,000 for states in and not in the NCRP
126.5786659184
141.1030136462
146.8936907104
154.520931866
166.5305933262
173.3035943697
182.3822471275
193.2715582985
212.7616450409
224.9292363235
233.2609499569
245.0542597957
256.1608479735
275.8725157373
267.1910079247
282.3704555701
295.0555531234
308.2317991654
CPUS rates 2
| 126.5786659184 | 1981 | 1981 | 126.5786657897 | 900.4202895692 | |
| 141.1030136462 | 1982 | 1982 | 141.1030131375 | 999.1794218971 | |
| 146.8936907104 | 1983 | 141.8313471156 | 1983 | 179.7743889881 | 1274.6956435524 |
| 154.520931866 | 1984 | 149.2122299922 | 1984 | 188.989029347 | 1330.8007883761 |
| 166.5305933262 | 1985 | 160.9023830371 | 1985 | 203.1010451238 | 1458.4263690003 |
| 173.3035943697 | 1986 | 165.8120682466 | 1986 | 221.9942469052 | 1531.7202920792 |
| 182.3822471275 | 1987 | 173.732290872 | 1987 | 238.8103171861 | 1656.0397449539 |
| 193.2715582985 | 1988 | 184.364188961 | 1988 | 251.5667652487 | 1817.5990111977 |
| 212.7616450409 | 1989 | 204.6526288047 | 1989 | 265.9338622046 | 2061.4623901745 |
| 224.9292363235 | 1990 | 216.8552395095 | 1990 | 277.9823122845 | 2123.6868853593 |
| 233.2609499569 | 1991 | 224.9257303958 | 1991 | 287.981627232 | 2294.3604112662 |
| 245.0542597957 | 1992 | 237.3296178188 | 1992 | 295.6123624758 | 2436.3281858306 |
| 256.1608479735 | 1993 | 247.4663284333 | 1993 | 312.8151827406 | 2561.3860257325 |
| 275.8725157373 | 1994 | 268.4091175011 | 1994 | 324.2156751301 | 2682.8135126428 |
| 267.1910079247 | 1995 | 254.6962807874 | 1995 | 347.7383449643 | 2733.8770739682 |
| 282.3704555701 | 1996 | 268.8584550471 | 1996 | 368.5816128771 | 2792.0819581597 |
| 295.0555531234 | 1997 | 280.4772119232 | 1997 | 388.6054304186 | 2940.7430053214 |
| 308.2317991654 | 1998 | 292.7513951911 | 1998 | 407.6264697056 | 3047.1877413792 |
White
Black
White NCRP
Black NCRP
White NotNCRP
Black NotNCRP
Year
black
white
CPUS imprisonment rates per 100,000 for states in and not in the NCRP. Different scales for blacks & whites
900.4202987606
999.1793982938
1041.1937701364
1008.9931751098
1077.7961206162
1043.1462569305
1146.6649624423
1104.2700402458
1232.6180747392
1192.2511684441
1298.259846346
1250.5625437824
1418.8083282015
1366.1866098544
1624.7894901557
1567.6373373025
1734.4976664124
1683.7921827771
1839.2340269009
1780.4449598771
1938.5539580861
1874.5703548625
2042.3254675569
1975.9157212318
2212.1272122441
2152.2987318326
2360.2758154207
2313.1094959466
2409.982412863
2361.9512609854
2467.5655474464
2408.3783672333
2522.4573943386
2457.073510677
Off Dispar
| 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 1984 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 1985 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 1986 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 1988 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 1989 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 1991 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 1993 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 1994 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 1996 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 |
| 1999 | 1999 | 1999 | 1999 | 1999 |
Violent
Rob/Burg
Theft
Drug
Other
B/W Disparity Ratios in Prison Admits, by Offense. All States in NCRP
6.9097276174
7.5315270021
6.9187324056
4.8311437185
6.581181906
6.678030171
8.364841751
6.7290077234
5.6023395466
4.863765498
6.4379905249
8.632711838
6.7712048415
6.8633001854
5.0625377098
6.7380236309
9.0412487864
6.7875143661
7.1757357797
4.8756683115
6.6166899651
9.0236562372
7.1064235163
9.1214646157
6.423753983
7.0690546039
10.0920230437
7.569278904
13.7649728431
6.5316813192
7.3521880313
10.2338481238
7.5004708574
17.4651068422
5.9407161202
7.4746866658
10.4447440933
7.3972320303
19.4540545125
5.3517167221
7.8798835967
10.6632396981
7.217964374
20.8034073418
5.1957566106
7.2160620095
10.1191655983
7.0920292235
19.9257260506
5.5756689703
6.9383209006
9.9894295475
6.7572291038
18.98487039
5.4933752108
6.9353338176
9.321742311
6.4455099962
19.2863404224
5.1666791083
6.8137336329
8.9580872941
6.3791057647
18.0100877876
5.0186148364
6.3484776373
8.6646647848
6.2382731983
16.7708667999
4.70105025
6.3738430824
8.5777158811
6.0403066877
15.2890483042
4.6752790879
6.0400256881
8.1689814416
5.8933579436
15.3379566601
4.504927078
6.2925598892
8.1135356273
5.9729375972
15.4201508728
4.4868844208
Off Black
| 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 1984 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 1985 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 1986 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 1988 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 1989 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 1991 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 1993 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 1994 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 1996 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 |
| 1999 | 1999 | 1999 | 1999 | 1999 |
Violent
Rob/Bur
Theft
Drug
Other
Black New Sentences per 100,000 pop, by offense. All States in NCRP
51.0446384577
99.0925271037
47.9916995871
16.919149978
61.2148581308
61.7794261175
117.1942220186
52.6237237927
28.4775613359
35.1132890639
69.5500642503
127.8187794962
56.6805641725
38.2860021227
38.432039003
65.9946427049
119.6850977026
52.801719136
44.5088527506
37.3209012203
67.9446817189
114.9436540216
57.1963035347
65.8767743395
66.5996531369
91.6411118837
166.0647317374
80.0710041058
150.534425044
73.5976020325
95.3921060271
169.6297802739
84.0030424261
230.3501901346
65.8060558782
104.2297892296
166.7993952247
82.6743843025
267.255288639
74.6732718532
101.8228600014
147.984340554
72.3252279237
218.9771296067
79.7233299398
106.0460856535
155.3975220084
75.7299682882
233.7214706717
66.2424713558
104.1545110751
147.7147487844
71.0642895732
216.2506753106
66.3749324689
101.5696921236
130.6443759337
65.1464618559
211.7339885823
62.7235715384
109.5812604194
132.637476424
73.1905078445
233.8708869732
69.9289735359
98.4044484285
120.8791878439
63.7937628673
203.5378916773
63.7421205433
95.1547024411
114.1734546769
57.5183946121
191.4876026175
64.1762275043
100.958869644
114.062955523
56.4748661137
202.1972931202
62.5651460269
104.8406491379
114.790394086
57.5719940905
212.819445868
63.9759760314
Off White
| 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 1984 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 1985 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 1986 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 1988 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 1989 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 1991 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 1993 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 1994 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 1996 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 |
| 1999 | 1999 | 1999 | 1999 | 1999 |
Violent
Rob/Bur
Theft
Drug
Other
White New Sentences per 100,000 pop, by offense. All States in NCRP
7.3873589935
13.1570300519
6.9364873179
3.5021003232
9.3014991844
9.2511451035
14.0103334298
7.8204285023
5.0831551889
7.2193630796
10.803070303
14.8063299105
8.3708240261
5.5783662507
7.5914573295
9.7943620148
13.2376733049
7.7792423393
6.2026883538
7.6545201264
10.2686814823
12.738035559
8.0485357231
7.2221706837
10.3677154065
12.9637012329
16.4550488063
10.5784190438
10.9360495484
11.2677882518
12.9746553844
16.5753661987
11.1997025284
13.1891658159
11.0771251389
13.9443690271
15.9696966949
11.176394625
13.7377680559
13.9531435857
12.9218736231
13.8779906242
10.0201697011
10.5260223005
15.3439308103
14.6958390205
15.3567525404
10.678180518
11.7296338451
11.8806320297
15.0114865782
14.787105518
10.5167796566
11.3906848384
12.0827232662
14.6452492114
14.0150168901
10.1072625587
10.978442978
12.1400168704
16.0824103676
14.8064505367
11.4734745816
12.9855495282
13.9339191818
15.5004796505
13.9508210469
10.2261893379
12.1363966517
13.55912342
14.9289370967
13.3104728881
9.5224295033
12.5244945799
13.7267158383
16.7149735544
13.9629348333
9.5827992554
13.1828050894
13.8881595515
16.6610490777
14.1480113428
9.638807229
13.8013854484
14.2584408313
CPUS data
| White | White | Black | Black | Asian | AmerInd | |||||||||||||||||
| Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | Rate | Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | Rate | Year | Disparity | Year | sum(freq_c~s) | sum(adultpop) | rate | AsWdisp | W/As Disp | Year | sum(freq_c~s) | sum(adultpop) | rate | AIW disp | ||
| 1981 | 174920 | 138190743.8594 | 126.5786659184 | 1981 | 159331 | 17695180.81937 | 900.4202987606 | 1981 | 7.1135233748 | 1981 | 1067 | 2779247 | 38.3916938653 | 0.3033030376 | 3.2970325915 | 1981 | 2867 | 872712.4 | 328.5160151271 | 2.5953505888 | ||
| 1982 | 195712 | 138701502.5 | 141.1030136462 | 1982 | 179616 | 17976351.42465 | 999.1793982938 | 1982 | 7.0812052307 | 1982 | 1351 | 3022061 | 44.704590675 | 0.3168223663 | 3.1563428166 | 1982 | 3261 | 902190.7 | 361.4535153156 | 2.5616286001 | ||
| 1983 | 205274 | 139743238.125 | 146.8936907104 | 1983 | 189770 | 18226194.3399 | 1041.1937701364 | 1983 | 7.0880768609 | 1983 | 1380 | 3225257 | 42.7872879588 | 0.2912806381 | 3.433115248 | 1983 | 3431 | 927773.7 | 369.810008626 | 2.5175350067 | ||
| 1984 | 216868 | 140348622.9219 | 154.520931866 | 1984 | 198887 | 18453118.93369 | 1077.7961206162 | 1984 | 6.9750816773 | 1984 | 1963 | 3422767 | 57.3512599601 | 0.3711552815 | 2.6942900988 | 1984 | 3774 | 949806.6 | 397.3440487779 | 2.5714577564 | ||
| 1985 | 234724 | 140949476.7969 | 166.5305933262 | 1985 | 214071 | 18669010.30481 | 1146.6649624423 | 1985 | 6.8856114636 | 1985 | 1580 | 3569918 | 44.2587196681 | 0.2657693027 | 3.762661789 | 1985 | 4080 | 974034.4 | 418.8763764401 | 2.51531186 | ||
| 1986 | 245306 | 141546977.6563 | 173.3035943697 | 1986 | 232969 | 18900339.4299 | 1232.6180747392 | 1986 | 7.1124784181 | 1986 | 1536 | 3709531 | 41.4068517017 | 0.2389266758 | 4.1853844774 | 1986 | 4456 | 998786.5 | 446.1413925799 | 2.5743343305 | ||
| 1987 | 259118 | 142074135 | 182.3822471275 | 1987 | 248317 | 19126910.58719 | 1298.259846346 | 1987 | 7.1183454903 | 1987 | 1668 | 4021288 | 41.4792474451 | 0.2274302905 | 4.3969516894 | 1987 | 4619 | 1028785 | 448.9762195211 | 2.4617320304 | ||
| 1988 | 275365 | 142475697.1094 | 193.2715582985 | 1988 | 274146 | 19322271.69455 | 1418.8083282015 | 1988 | 7.3410094102 | 1988 | 1784 | 2569991 | 69.4165855056 | 0.3591660673 | 2.7842273844 | 1988 | 4478 | 925445.4 | 483.875115701 | 2.5036022887 | ||
| 1989 | 304067 | 142914386.6328 | 212.7616450409 | 1989 | 316860 | 19501603.2489 | 1624.7894901557 | 1989 | 7.636665386 | 1989 | 2016 | 2869851 | 70.2475494372 | 0.3301701743 | 3.0287411696 | 1989 | 4929 | 977958.2 | 504.0092715619 | 2.3688915898 | ||
| 1990 | 324890 | 144440983 | 224.9292363235 | 1990 | 345976 | 19946755 | 1734.4976664124 | 1990 | 7.7113037627 | 1990 | 2220 | 3061535 | 72.5126448007 | 0.3223798115 | 3.1019312141 | 1990 | 5146 | 1027597 | 500.7799750291 | 2.2263889889 | ||
| 1991 | 338479 | 145107443 | 233.2609499569 | 1991 | 372518 | 20253975 | 1839.2340269009 | 1991 | 7.884877547 | 1991 | 2632 | 3187553 | 82.5711760714 | 0.3539862805 | 2.8249682402 | 1991 | 6185 | 1168729 | 529.2073697153 | 2.268735379 | ||
| 1992 | 357333 | 145817910 | 245.0542597957 | 1992 | 398923 | 20578380 | 1938.5539580861 | 1992 | 7.9107131608 | 1992 | 3129 | 3353876 | 93.2950413194 | 0.3807117713 | 2.6266589985 | 1992 | 6415 | 1188051 | 539.9599848828 | 2.2034303151 | ||
| 1993 | 375298 | 146508728 | 256.1608479735 | 1993 | 426401 | 20878210 | 2042.3254675569 | 1993 | 7.9728244332 | 1993 | 4294 | 5430370 | 79.073801601 | 0.308688085 | 3.2395160317 | 1993 | 6990 | 1160962 | 602.0868900102 | 2.3504251129 | ||
| 1994 | 405764 | 147083880 | 275.8725157373 | 1994 | 468224 | 21166233 | 2212.1272122441 | 1994 | 8.0186574815 | 1994 | 4683 | 5724286 | 81.8093295828 | 0.2965475896 | 3.3721400376 | 1994 | 7898 | 1186655 | 665.5683412618 | 2.4125938732 | ||
| 1995 | 394760 | 147744493 | 267.1910079247 | 1995 | 506950 | 21478422 | 2360.2758154207 | 1995 | 8.8336648518 | 1995 | 5025 | 6020441 | 83.4656464535 | 0.3123819439 | 3.2012093511 | 1995 | 8700 | 1219202 | 713.581506592 | 2.6706793471 | ||
| 1996 | 416423 | 147473998 | 282.3704555701 | 1996 | 525226 | 21793769 | 2409.982412863 | 1996 | 8.5348249625 | 1996 | 5899 | 6174051 | 95.5450481378 | 0.3383677232 | 2.9553646272 | 1996 | 9740 | 1234213 | 789.1668617978 | 2.7947926075 | ||
| 1997 | 439974 | 149115648 | 295.0555531234 | 1997 | 546668 | 22154143 | 2467.5655474464 | 1997 | 8.3630540802 | 1997 | 6574 | 6412520 | 102.5181987736 | 0.3474538869 | 2.878079762 | 1997 | 10556 | 1258130 | 839.0229944441 | 2.8436102475 | ||
| 1998 | 462119 | 149925803 | 308.2317991654 | 1998 | 568259 | 22527992 | 2522.4573943386 | 1998 | 8.1836377725 | 1998 | 6930 | 6635473 | 104.4386737765 | 0.3388316003 | 2.9513185875 | 1998 | 11395 | 1279156 | 890.8217605984 | 2.890103367 |
New Sent data
| White | White | Black | Black | ||||||
| Year | sum(freq_ncrp_NEW~T) | sum(adultpop) | Rate | Year | sum(freq_ncrp_NEW~T) | sum(adultpop) | Rate | Year | Disparity |
| 1981 | |||||||||
| 1982 | |||||||||
| 1983 | 48784 | 121098758.1328 | 40.2844758709 | 1983 | 44250 | 16017353.13843 | 276.2628732573 | 1983 | 6.8577998667 |
| 1984 | 52763 | 121617376.8125 | 43.3844253041 | 1984 | 47910 | 16230322.34216 | 295.1882223285 | 1984 | 6.8040136583 |
| 1985 | 57594 | 122150459.3594 | 47.1500478197 | 1985 | 54359 | 16434204.80371 | 330.7674490446 | 1985 | 7.0152091957 |
| 1986 | 54796 | 122672614.9375 | 44.6684861392 | 1986 | 53341 | 16652866.88367 | 320.3112135143 | 1986 | 7.1708544703 |
| 1987 | 59926 | 123190109.8672 | 48.6451388546 | 1987 | 62877 | 16876964.77472 | 372.5610667517 | 1987 | 7.658752252 |
| 1988 | 76875 | 123591246.9141 | 62.2010068831 | 1988 | 95917 | 17069849.63239 | 561.9088748034 | 1988 | 9.0337585026 |
| 1989 | 80622 | 124003293.5234 | 65.0160150664 | 1989 | 111259 | 17244613.50641 | 645.1811747398 | 1989 | 9.9234192388 |
| 1990 | 86226 | 125362431 | 68.7813719886 | 1990 | 122762 | 17647546 | 695.632129249 | 1990 | 10.1136704479 |
| 1991 | 78943 | 125926011 | 62.6899870591 | 1991 | 111359 | 17937033 | 620.8328880256 | 1991 | 9.9032224626 |
| 1992 | 81386 | 126491587 | 64.3410379538 | 1992 | 116179 | 18234525 | 637.1375179776 | 1992 | 9.9025060559 |
| 1993 | 81022 | 127016068 | 63.7887798574 | 1993 | 112089 | 18510000 | 605.5591572123 | 1993 | 9.493192354 |
| 1994 | 78851 | 127413332 | 61.8859885086 | 1994 | 107383 | 18779224 | 571.818090034 | 1994 | 9.239863559 |
| 1995 | 88614 | 127903713 | 69.2818041959 | 1995 | 118088 | 19070779 | 619.209105197 | 1995 | 8.9375430156 |
| 1996 | 83949 | 128415381 | 65.3730101069 | 1996 | 106571 | 19363962 | 550.3574113603 | 1996 | 8.4187252577 |
| 1997 | 82584 | 129011194 | 64.0130499064 | 1997 | 102888 | 19691092 | 522.5103818519 | 1997 | 8.1625603313 |
| 1998 | 87344 | 129722012 | 67.331672284 | 1998 | 107423 | 20031920 | 536.2591304278 | 1998 | 7.9644409865 |
| 1999 | 89334 | 130399952 | 68.5076939292 | 1999 | 112807 | 20362331 | 553.9984592137 | 1999 | 8.0866604529 |
PPRev data
| WHITE | WHITE | Black | Black | popcks | ||||||||
| Year | sum(freq_ncrp_PP_~T) | sum(adultpop) | rate | Year | sum(freq_ncrp_PP_~T) | sum(adultpop) | rate | Year | Disparity | W | B | |
| 1981 | ||||||||||||
| 1982 | ||||||||||||
| 1983 | 12667 | 121098758.1328 | 10.4600577209 | 1983 | 12653 | 16017353.13843 | 78.9955736797 | 1983 | 7.5521164211 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1984 | 19493 | 121617376.8125 | 16.028137188 | 1984 | 21433 | 16230322.34216 | 132.0552947019 | 1984 | 8.2389670835 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1985 | 19689 | 122150459.3594 | 16.1186458923 | 1985 | 22858 | 16434204.80371 | 139.0879587605 | 1985 | 8.6290101346 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1986 | 21094 | 122672614.9375 | 17.1953618261 | 1986 | 25581 | 16652866.88367 | 153.613189721 | 1986 | 8.9334083967 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1987 | 25341 | 123190109.8672 | 20.5706448572 | 1987 | 29488 | 16876964.77472 | 174.7233604716 | 1987 | 8.4938202805 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1988 | 28984 | 123591246.9141 | 23.4514989724 | 1988 | 37130 | 17069849.63239 | 217.5180262253 | 1988 | 9.2752291221 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1989 | 25092 | 124003293.5234 | 20.2349464172 | 1989 | 34970 | 17244613.50641 | 202.7879603506 | 1989 | 10.0216702417 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1990 | 34300 | 125362431 | 27.3606691625 | 1990 | 48836 | 17647546 | 276.7296937489 | 1990 | 10.1141420228 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1991 | 35981 | 125926011 | 28.5731277552 | 1991 | 52066 | 17937033 | 290.2709717934 | 1991 | 10.1588798497 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1992 | 41832 | 126491587 | 33.0709741194 | 1992 | 63046 | 18234525 | 345.750711905 | 1992 | 10.4548088199 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1993 | 40132 | 127016068 | 31.5960024837 | 1993 | 65988 | 18510000 | 356.4991896272 | 1993 | 11.2830472719 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1994 | 38595 | 127413332 | 30.2911786343 | 1994 | 63678 | 18779224 | 339.0874937111 | 1994 | 11.1942654264 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1995 | 40008 | 127903713 | 31.2797799701 | 1995 | 63385 | 19070779 | 332.3671256428 | 1995 | 10.6256222378 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1996 | 39312 | 128415381 | 30.6131552886 | 1996 | 59721 | 19363962 | 308.4131233061 | 1996 | 10.0745290839 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1997 | 38802 | 129011194 | 30.0764598768 | 1997 | 54933 | 19691092 | 278.9738629021 | 1997 | 9.2754886727 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1998 | 45025 | 129722012 | 34.7088356909 | 1998 | 63139 | 20031920 | 315.191953642 | 1998 | 9.0810292932 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1999 | 41955 | 130399952 | 32.1740915978 | 1999 | 60116 | 20362331 | 295.2314251251 | 1999 | 9.176060938 | 0 | 0 |
CPUS if NCRP data
| census, if ncrp | |||||||||||
| white | black | ||||||||||
| Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | ck | rate | Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | ck | rate | Year | Disparity |
| 1983 | 171756 | 121098758.1328 | 0 | 141.8313471156 | 1983 | 161614 | 16017353.13843 | 0 | 1008.9931751098 | 1983 | 7.1140350538 |
| 1984 | 181468 | 121617376.8125 | 0 | 149.2122299922 | 1984 | 169306 | 16230322.34216 | 0 | 1043.1462569305 | 1984 | 6.9910238389 |
| 1985 | 196543 | 122150459.3594 | 0 | 160.9023830371 | 1985 | 181478 | 16434204.80371 | 0 | 1104.2700402458 | 1985 | 6.8629812648 |
| 1986 | 203406 | 122672614.9375 | 0 | 165.8120682466 | 1986 | 198544 | 16652866.88367 | 0 | 1192.2511684441 | 1986 | 7.1903763161 |
| 1987 | 214021 | 123190109.8672 | 0 | 173.732290872 | 1987 | 211057 | 16876964.77472 | 0 | 1250.5625437824 | 1987 | 7.1982159304 |
| 1988 | 227858 | 123591246.9141 | 0 | 184.364188961 | 1988 | 233206 | 17069849.63239 | 0 | 1366.1866098544 | 1988 | 7.4102601896 |
| 1989 | 253776 | 124003293.5234 | 0 | 204.6526288047 | 1989 | 270333 | 17244613.50641 | 0 | 1567.6373373025 | 1989 | 7.6599912078 |
| 1990 | 271855 | 125362431 | 0 | 216.8552395095 | 1990 | 297148 | 17647546 | 0 | 1683.7921827771 | 1990 | 7.7645907315 |
| 1991 | 283240 | 125926011 | 0 | 224.9257303958 | 1991 | 319359 | 17937033 | 0 | 1780.4449598771 | 1991 | 7.9157015818 |
| 1992 | 300202 | 126491587 | 0 | 237.3296178188 | 1992 | 341819 | 18234525 | 0 | 1874.5703548625 | 1992 | 7.8985942509 |
| 1993 | 314322 | 127016068 | 0 | 247.4663284333 | 1993 | 365742 | 18510000 | 0 | 1975.9157212318 | 1993 | 7.9845841402 |
| 1994 | 341989 | 127413332 | 0 | 268.4091175011 | 1994 | 404185 | 18779224 | 0 | 2152.2987318326 | 1994 | 8.0187243707 |
| 1995 | 325766 | 127903713 | 0 | 254.6962807874 | 1995 | 441128 | 19070779 | 0 | 2313.1094959466 | 1995 | 9.0818346024 |
| 1996 | 342773 | 127491992 | -923389 | 268.8584550471 | 1996 | 457277 | 19360137 | -3825 | 2361.9512609854 | 1996 | 8.7851105913 |
| 1997 | 361847 | 129011194 | 0 | 280.4772119232 | 1997 | 474236 | 19691092 | 0 | 2408.3783672333 | 1997 | 8.5867167273 |
| 1998 | 379763 | 129722012 | 0 | 292.7513951911 | 1998 | 492199 | 20031920 | 0 | 2457.073510677 | 1998 | 8.3930377482 |
Pamela E. Oliver:
Maine
Offense Data
| Numbers | Numbers | Numbers | ||||||||||||
| Whites | offense | Blacks | offense | |||||||||||
| Pop | Year | V | P | L | D | O | Pop | Year | V | P | L | D | O | |
| 121098758.1328 | 1983 | 8946 | 15933 | 8400 | 4241 | 11264 | 16017353.13843 | 1983 | 8176 | 15872 | 7687 | 2710 | 9805 | |
| 121617376.8125 | 1984 | 11251 | 17039 | 9511 | 6182 | 8780 | 16230322.34216 | 1984 | 10027 | 19021 | 8541 | 4622 | 5699 | |
| 122150459.3594 | 1985 | 13196 | 18086 | 10225 | 6814 | 9273 | 16434204.80371 | 1985 | 11430 | 21006 | 9315 | 6292 | 6316 | |
| 122672614.9375 | 1986 | 12015 | 16239 | 9543 | 7609 | 9390 | 16652866.88367 | 1986 | 10990 | 19931 | 8793 | 7412 | 6215 | |
| 123190109.8672 | 1987 | 12650 | 15692 | 9915 | 8897 | 12772 | 16876964.77472 | 1987 | 11467 | 19399 | 9653 | 11118 | 11240 | |
| 123591246.9141 | 1988 | 16022 | 20337 | 13074 | 13516 | 13926 | 17069849.63239 | 1988 | 15643 | 28347 | 13668 | 25696 | 12563 | |
| 124003293.5234 | 1989 | 16089 | 20554 | 13888 | 16355 | 13736 | 17244613.50641 | 1989 | 16450 | 29252 | 14486 | 39723 | 11348 | |
| 125362431 | 1990 | 17481 | 20020 | 14011 | 17222 | 17492 | 17647546 | 1990 | 18394 | 29436 | 14590 | 47164 | 13178 | |
| 125926011 | 1991 | 16272 | 17476 | 12618 | 13255 | 19322 | 17937033 | 1991 | 18264 | 26544 | 12973 | 39278 | 14300 | |
| 126491587 | 1992 | 18589 | 19425 | 13507 | 14837 | 15028 | 18234525 | 1992 | 19337 | 28336 | 13809 | 42618 | 12079 | |
| 127016068 | 1993 | 19067 | 18782 | 13358 | 14468 | 15347 | 18510000 | 1993 | 19279 | 27342 | 13154 | 40028 | 12286 | |
| 127413332 | 1994 | 18660 | 17857 | 12878 | 13988 | 15468 | 18779224 | 1994 | 19074 | 24534 | 12234 | 39762 | 11779 | |
| 127903713 | 1995 | 20570 | 18938 | 14675 | 16609 | 17822 | 19070779 | 1995 | 20898 | 25295 | 13958 | 44601 | 13336 | |
| 128415381 | 1996 | 19905 | 17915 | 13132 | 15585 | 17412 | 19363962 | 1996 | 19055 | 23407 | 12353 | 39413 | 12343 | |
| 129011194 | 1997 | 19260 | 17172 | 12285 | 16158 | 17709 | 19691092 | 1997 | 18737 | 22482 | 11326 | 37706 | 12637 | |
| 129722012 | 1998 | 21683 | 18113 | 12431 | 17101 | 18016 | 20031920 | 1998 | 20224 | 22849 | 11313 | 40504 | 12533 | |
| 130399952 | 1999 | 21726 | 18449 | 12569 | 17997 | 18593 | 20362331 | 1999 | 21348 | 23374 | 11723 | 43335 | 13027 | Numbers |
| Numbers | Numbers | |||||||||||||
| Rates | Rates | Rates | Rates | Rates | ||||||||||
| Whites | offense | Blacks | offense | |||||||||||
| Pop | Year | V | P | L | D | O | Pop | Year | V | P | L | D | O | |
| 1983 | 7.3873589935 | 13.1570300519 | 6.9364873179 | 3.5021003232 | 9.3014991844 | 1983 | 51.0446384577 | 99.0925271037 | 47.9916995871 | 16.919149978 | 61.2148581308 | |||
| 1984 | 9.2511451035 | 14.0103334298 | 7.8204285023 | 5.0831551889 | 7.2193630796 | 1984 | 61.7794261175 | 117.1942220186 | 52.6237237927 | 28.4775613359 | 35.1132890639 | |||
| 1985 | 10.803070303 | 14.8063299105 | 8.3708240261 | 5.5783662507 | 7.5914573295 | 1985 | 69.5500642503 | 127.8187794962 | 56.6805641725 | 38.2860021227 | 38.432039003 | |||
| 1986 | 9.7943620148 | 13.2376733049 | 7.7792423393 | 6.2026883538 | 7.6545201264 | 1986 | 65.9946427049 | 119.6850977026 | 52.801719136 | 44.5088527506 | 37.3209012203 | |||
| 1987 | 10.2686814823 | 12.738035559 | 8.0485357231 | 7.2221706837 | 10.3677154065 | 1987 | 67.9446817189 | 114.9436540216 | 57.1963035347 | 65.8767743395 | 66.5996531369 | |||
| 1988 | 12.9637012329 | 16.4550488063 | 10.5784190438 | 10.9360495484 | 11.2677882518 | 1988 | 91.6411118837 | 166.0647317374 | 80.0710041058 | 150.534425044 | 73.5976020325 | |||
| 1989 | 12.9746553844 | 16.5753661987 | 11.1997025284 | 13.1891658159 | 11.0771251389 | 1989 | 95.3921060271 | 169.6297802739 | 84.0030424261 | 230.3501901346 | 65.8060558782 | |||
| 1990 | 13.9443690271 | 15.9696966949 | 11.176394625 | 13.7377680559 | 13.9531435857 | 1990 | 104.2297892296 | 166.7993952247 | 82.6743843025 | 267.255288639 | 74.6732718532 | |||
| 1991 | 12.9218736231 | 13.8779906242 | 10.0201697011 | 10.5260223005 | 15.3439308103 | 1991 | 101.8228600014 | 147.984340554 | 72.3252279237 | 218.9771296067 | 79.7233299398 | |||
| 1992 | 14.6958390205 | 15.3567525404 | 10.678180518 | 11.7296338451 | 11.8806320297 | 1992 | 106.0460856535 | 155.3975220084 | 75.7299682882 | 233.7214706717 | 66.2424713558 | |||
| 1993 | 15.0114865782 | 14.787105518 | 10.5167796566 | 11.3906848384 | 12.0827232662 | 1993 | 104.1545110751 | 147.7147487844 | 71.0642895732 | 216.2506753106 | 66.3749324689 | |||
| 1994 | 14.6452492114 | 14.0150168901 | 10.1072625587 | 10.978442978 | 12.1400168704 | 1994 | 101.5696921236 | 130.6443759337 | 65.1464618559 | 211.7339885823 | 62.7235715384 | |||
| 1995 | 16.0824103676 | 14.8064505367 | 11.4734745816 | 12.9855495282 | 13.9339191818 | 1995 | 109.5812604194 | 132.637476424 | 73.1905078445 | 233.8708869732 | 69.9289735359 | |||
| 1996 | 15.5004796505 | 13.9508210469 | 10.2261893379 | 12.1363966517 | 13.55912342 | 1996 | 98.4044484285 | 120.8791878439 | 63.7937628673 | 203.5378916773 | 63.7421205433 | |||
| 1997 | 14.9289370967 | 13.3104728881 | 9.5224295033 | 12.5244945799 | 13.7267158383 | 1997 | 95.1547024411 | 114.1734546769 | 57.5183946121 | 191.4876026175 | 64.1762275043 | |||
| 1998 | 16.7149735544 | 13.9629348333 | 9.5827992554 | 13.1828050894 | 13.8881595515 | 1998 | 100.958869644 | 114.062955523 | 56.4748661137 | 202.1972931202 | 62.5651460269 | |||
| 1999 | 16.6610490777 | 14.1480113428 | 9.638807229 | 13.8013854484 | 14.2584408313 | 1999 | 104.8406491379 | 114.790394086 | 57.5719940905 | 212.819445868 | 63.9759760314 | |||
| Rates | Rates | Rates | ||||||||||||
| B/W Disparities | ||||||||||||||
| Year | Violent | Rob/Burg | Theft | Drug | Other | |||||||||
| 1983 | 6.9 | 7.5 | 6.9 | 4.8 | 6.6 | |||||||||
| 1984 | 6.7 | 8.4 | 6.7 | 5.6 | 4.9 | |||||||||
| 1985 | 6.4 | 8.6 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 5.1 | |||||||||
| 1986 | 6.7 | 9.0 | 6.8 | 7.2 | 4.9 | |||||||||
| 1987 | 6.6 | 9.0 | 7.1 | 9.1 | 6.4 | |||||||||
| 1988 | 7.1 | 10.1 | 7.6 | 13.8 | 6.5 | |||||||||
| 1989 | 7.4 | 10.2 | 7.5 | 17.5 | 5.9 | |||||||||
| 1990 | 7.5 | 10.4 | 7.4 | 19.5 | 5.4 | |||||||||
| 1991 | 7.9 | 10.7 | 7.2 | 20.8 | 5.2 | |||||||||
| 1992 | 7.2 | 10.1 | 7.1 | 19.9 | 5.6 | |||||||||
| 1993 | 6.9 | 10.0 | 6.8 | 19.0 | 5.5 | |||||||||
| 1994 | 6.9 | 9.3 | 6.4 | 19.3 | 5.2 | |||||||||
| 1995 | 6.8 | 9.0 | 6.4 | 18.0 | 5.0 | |||||||||
| 1996 | 6.3 | 8.7 | 6.2 | 16.8 | 4.7 | |||||||||
| 1997 | 6.4 | 8.6 | 6.0 | 15.3 | 4.7 | |||||||||
| 1998 | 6.0 | 8.2 | 5.9 | 15.3 | 4.5 | |||||||||
| 1999 | 6.3 | 8.1 | 6.0 | 15.4 | 4.5 | |||||||||
| max-min | 1.8 | 3.1 | 1.7 | 16.0 | 2.1 |
AdmTyp B
| 1983 | 276.2628732573 | 78.9955736797 | 7.2920912082 |
| 1984 | 295.1882223285 | 132.0552947019 | 20.4370555931 |
| 1985 | 330.7674490446 | 139.0879587605 | 28.2094573809 |
| 1986 | 320.3112135143 | 153.613189721 | 44.106519624 |
| 1987 | 372.5610667517 | 174.7233604716 | 73.6980859179 |
| 1988 | 561.9088748034 | 217.5180262253 | 112.1275255037 |
| 1989 | 645.1811747398 | 202.7879603506 | 123.267477071 |
| 1990 | 695.632129249 | 276.7296937489 | 116.7697763757 |
| 1991 | 620.8328880256 | 290.2709717934 | 119.1612904988 |
| 1992 | 637.1375179776 | 345.750711905 | 108.1245604149 |
| 1993 | 605.5591572123 | 356.4991896272 | 106.3965424095 |
| 1994 | 571.818090034 | 339.0874937111 | 127.8221080914 |
| 1995 | 619.209105197 | 332.3671256428 | 132.1707938622 |
| 1996 | 550.3574113603 | 308.4131233061 | 132.1681998756 |
| 1997 | 522.5103818519 | 278.9738629021 | 134.0656983371 |
| 1998 | 536.2591304278 | 315.191953642 | 146.7457937132 |
| 1999 | 553.9984592137 | 295.2314251251 | 130.6039077746 |
B Tot
B New
B PP
B Oth
Black Prison Admission Rates per 100,000
362.5505381452
447.6805726234
498.0648651861
518.0309228593
620.9825131411
891.5544265324
971.2366121615
1089.1315993737
1030.2651503178
1091.0127902975
1068.454889249
1038.7276918365
1083.747024702
990.938734542
935.549943091
998.1968777831
979.8337921135
AdmTyp
| 1983 | 276.2628732573 | 78.9955736797 | 7.2920912082 | 52.5348079377 | 40.2844758709 | 10.4600577209 | 1.7902743459 |
| 1984 | 295.1882223285 | 132.0552947019 | 20.4370555931 | 62.9523527037 | 43.3844253041 | 16.028137188 | 3.5397902116 |
| 1985 | 330.7674490446 | 139.0879587605 | 28.2094573809 | 68.453283302 | 47.1500478197 | 16.1186458923 | 5.1845895899 |
| 1986 | 320.3112135143 | 153.613189721 | 44.106519624 | 67.9817578214 | 44.6684861392 | 17.1953618261 | 6.1179098561 |
| 1987 | 372.5610667517 | 174.7233604716 | 73.6980859179 | 77.8301116083 | 48.6451388546 | 20.5706448572 | 8.6143278965 |
| 1988 | 561.9088748034 | 217.5180262253 | 112.1275255037 | 97.3628820847 | 62.2010068831 | 23.4514989724 | 11.7103762292 |
| 1989 | 645.1811747398 | 202.7879603506 | 123.267477071 | 96.8853298863 | 65.0160150664 | 20.2349464172 | 11.6343684027 |
| 1990 | 695.632129249 | 276.7296937489 | 116.7697763757 | 107.0663666374 | 68.7813719886 | 27.3606691625 | 10.9243254863 |
| 1991 | 620.8328880256 | 290.2709717934 | 119.1612904988 | 101.9352546632 | 62.6899870591 | 28.5731277552 | 10.6721398489 |
| 1992 | 637.1375179776 | 345.750711905 | 108.1245604149 | 107.8696245625 | 64.3410379538 | 33.0709741194 | 10.4576124893 |
| 1993 | 605.5591572123 | 356.4991896272 | 106.3965424095 | 106.0905144694 | 63.7887798574 | 31.5960024837 | 10.7057321283 |
| 1994 | 571.818090034 | 339.0874937111 | 127.8221080914 | 106.9746767159 | 61.8859885086 | 30.2911786343 | 14.797509573 |
| 1995 | 619.209105197 | 332.3671256428 | 132.1707938622 | 117.2905746685 | 69.2818041959 | 31.2797799701 | 16.7289905024 |
| 1996 | 550.3574113603 | 308.4131233061 | 132.1681998756 | 114.1327455159 | 65.3730101069 | 30.6131552886 | 18.1465801203 |
| 1997 | 522.5103818519 | 278.9738629021 | 134.0656983371 | 114.3024844805 | 64.0130499064 | 30.0764598768 | 20.2129746974 |
| 1998 | 536.2591304278 | 315.191953642 | 146.7457937132 | 124.5255122932 | 67.331672284 | 34.7088356909 | 22.4850043183 |
| 1999 | 553.9984592137 | 295.2314251251 | 130.6039077746 | 122.5468242504 | 68.5076939292 | 32.1740915978 | 21.8650387233 |
B Tot
B New
B PP
B Oth
W Tot
W New
W PP
W Oth
Prison Admission Rates per 100,000
362.5505381452
447.6805726234
498.0648651861
518.0309228593
620.9825131411
891.5544265324
971.2366121615
1089.1315993737
1030.2651503178
1091.0127902975
1068.454889249
1038.7276918365
1083.747024702
990.938734542
935.549943091
998.1968777831
979.8337921135
AdmTyp (2)
| 1983 | 276.2628732573 | 78.9955736797 | 7.2920912082 | 52.5348079377 | 40.2844758709 | 10.4600577209 | 1.7902743459 |
| 1984 | 295.1882223285 | 132.0552947019 | 20.4370555931 | 62.9523527037 | 43.3844253041 | 16.028137188 | 3.5397902116 |
| 1985 | 330.7674490446 | 139.0879587605 | 28.2094573809 | 68.453283302 | 47.1500478197 | 16.1186458923 | 5.1845895899 |
| 1986 | 320.3112135143 | 153.613189721 | 44.106519624 | 67.9817578214 | 44.6684861392 | 17.1953618261 | 6.1179098561 |
| 1987 | 372.5610667517 | 174.7233604716 | 73.6980859179 | 77.8301116083 | 48.6451388546 | 20.5706448572 | 8.6143278965 |
| 1988 | 561.9088748034 | 217.5180262253 | 112.1275255037 | 97.3628820847 | 62.2010068831 | 23.4514989724 | 11.7103762292 |
| 1989 | 645.1811747398 | 202.7879603506 | 123.267477071 | 96.8853298863 | 65.0160150664 | 20.2349464172 | 11.6343684027 |
| 1990 | 695.632129249 | 276.7296937489 | 116.7697763757 | 107.0663666374 | 68.7813719886 | 27.3606691625 | 10.9243254863 |
| 1991 | 620.8328880256 | 290.2709717934 | 119.1612904988 | 101.9352546632 | 62.6899870591 | 28.5731277552 | 10.6721398489 |
| 1992 | 637.1375179776 | 345.750711905 | 108.1245604149 | 107.8696245625 | 64.3410379538 | 33.0709741194 | 10.4576124893 |
| 1993 | 605.5591572123 | 356.4991896272 | 106.3965424095 | 106.0905144694 | 63.7887798574 | 31.5960024837 | 10.7057321283 |
| 1994 | 571.818090034 | 339.0874937111 | 127.8221080914 | 106.9746767159 | 61.8859885086 | 30.2911786343 | 14.797509573 |
| 1995 | 619.209105197 | 332.3671256428 | 132.1707938622 | 117.2905746685 | 69.2818041959 | 31.2797799701 | 16.7289905024 |
| 1996 | 550.3574113603 | 308.4131233061 | 132.1681998756 | 114.1327455159 | 65.3730101069 | 30.6131552886 | 18.1465801203 |
| 1997 | 522.5103818519 | 278.9738629021 | 134.0656983371 | 114.3024844805 | 64.0130499064 | 30.0764598768 | 20.2129746974 |
| 1998 | 536.2591304278 | 315.191953642 | 146.7457937132 | 124.5255122932 | 67.331672284 | 34.7088356909 | 22.4850043183 |
| 1999 | 553.9984592137 | 295.2314251251 | 130.6039077746 | 122.5468242504 | 68.5076939292 | 32.1740915978 | 21.8650387233 |
B Tot
B New
B PP
B Oth
W Tot
W New
W PP
W Oth
Black & White Prison Admission Rates per 100,000: Different Scales
362.5505381452
447.6805726234
498.0648651861
518.0309228593
620.9825131411
891.5544265324
971.2366121615
1089.1315993737
1030.2651503178
1091.0127902975
1068.454889249
1038.7276918365
1083.747024702
990.938734542
935.549943091
998.1968777831
979.8337921135
OthAdm
| Rates of Admits that are not new sentence or PP | ||
| Calculated by subtraction from other pages | ||
| White | Black | |
| 1983 | 1.7902743459 | 7.2920912082 |
| 1984 | 3.5397902116 | 20.4370555931 |
| 1985 | 5.1845895899 | 28.2094573809 |
| 1986 | 6.1179098561 | 44.106519624 |
| 1987 | 8.6143278965 | 73.6980859179 |
| 1988 | 11.7103762292 | 112.1275255037 |
| 1989 | 11.6343684027 | 123.267477071 |
| 1990 | 10.9243254863 | 116.7697763757 |
| 1991 | 10.6721398489 | 119.1612904988 |
| 1992 | 10.4576124893 | 108.1245604149 |
| 1993 | 10.7057321283 | 106.3965424095 |
| 1994 | 14.797509573 | 127.8221080914 |
| 1995 | 16.7289905024 | 132.1707938622 |
| 1996 | 18.1465801203 | 132.1681998756 |
| 1997 | 20.2129746974 | 134.0656983371 |
| 1998 | 22.4850043183 | 146.7457937132 |
| 1999 | 21.8650387233 | 130.6039077746 |
Total Admits Data
| Total Admits, all reasons | Black | Hispanic | AmInd | Asian | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Year | 1 | WhiteNH | White pop | Rate | BlackNH | Black Pop | Rate | AmIndNH | AsianNH | Hisp Pop | Hispanic | Rate | BWDisp | HWDisp | Iwdisp | AsWDisp | W/Asian | ||||||||||
| 1978 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1979 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1980 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | AmerInd | Asian | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 1981 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Year sum(freq_n~T) | Admits | Pop | rate | Year | sum(freq_n~T) | sum(adultpop) | rate | ||||||||||||||
| 1982 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1983 | 63619 | 121098758.1328 | 52.5348079377 | 58071 | 16017353.13843 | 362.5505381452 | 1081 | 65 | 9578986 | 9911 | 103.4660662412 | 6.9011490168 | 1.9694764348 | 3.7521879421 | 0.0401412748 | 24.9120140063 | 1983 | 1081 | 548395.6 | 197.1204728849 | 1983 | 65 | 3082301 | 2.1088141619 | |||
| 1984 | 76561 | 121617376.8125 | 62.9523527037 | 72660 | 16230322.34216 | 447.6805726234 | 965 | 238 | 10042870 | 14087 | 140.2686682193 | 7.1114192464 | 2.2281719776 | 2.7015285422 | 0.1145542077 | 8.729491657 | 1984 | 965 | 567421.5 | 170.0675776297 | 1984 | 238 | 3300304 | 7.211456884 | |||
| 1985 | 83616 | 122150459.3594 | 68.453283302 | 81853 | 16434204.80371 | 498.0648651861 | 1086 | 318 | 10516521 | 26301 | 250.0922120538 | 7.2759821174 | 3.6534728502 | 2.705545009 | 0.1316643855 | 7.5950682971 | 1985 | 1086 | 586382.2 | 185.2034389857 | 1985 | 318 | 3528292 | 9.0128594799 | |||
| 1986 | 83395 | 122672614.9375 | 67.9817578214 | 86267 | 16652866.88367 | 518.0309228593 | 1211 | 454 | 11016363 | 32990 | 299.4636251547 | 7.620146043 | 4.4050585738 | 2.948726591 | 0.1773139962 | 5.6397127226 | 1986 | 1211 | 604111.7 | 200.459616988 | 1986 | 454 | 3766348 | 12.0541171448 | |||
| 1987 | 95879 | 123190109.8672 | 77.8301116083 | 104803 | 16876964.77472 | 620.9825131411 | 1253 | 448 | 11507643 | 38051 | 330.6585023536 | 7.9786923121 | 4.2484649645 | 2.5840543176 | 0.1438617406 | 6.9511184536 | 1987 | 1253 | 623019.7 | 201.1172359397 | 1987 | 448 | 4001152 | 11.1967753287 | |||
| 1988 | 120332 | 123591246.9141 | 97.3628820847 | 152187 | 17069849.63239 | 891.5544265324 | 1373 | 469 | 12011871 | 45752 | 380.8898713614 | 9.1570258341 | 3.9120644665 | 2.1974716697 | 0.113597321 | 8.8030245023 | 1988 | 1373 | 641732.2 | 213.9521750662 | 1988 | 469 | 4240444 | 11.0601625679 | |||
| 1989 | 120141 | 124003293.5234 | 96.8853298863 | 167486 | 17244613.50641 | 971.2366121615 | 1622 | 698 | 12495988 | 51235 | 410.0115973223 | 10.0245993207 | 4.2319265239 | 2.5397912891 | 0.1600404006 | 6.2484222491 | 1989 | 1622 | 659166 | 246.0685168835 | 1989 | 698 | 4501609 | 15.5055670095 | |||
| 1990 | 134221 | 125362431 | 107.0663666374 | 192205 | 17647546 | 1089.1315993737 | 1845 | 806 | 13349695 | 59834 | 448.2049964437 | 10.1724905176 | 4.1862352345 | 2.5286437153 | 0.1563797094 | 6.3946915096 | 1990 | 1845 | 681484 | 270.7326951183 | 1990 | 806 | 4813950 | 16.7430073017 | |||
| 1991 | 128363 | 125926011 | 101.9352546632 | 184799 | 17937033 | 1030.2651503178 | 2228 | 840 | 13809406 | 53727 | 389.0609052989 | 10.1070542642 | 3.8167453114 | 3.149624929 | 0.162984871 | 6.1355387999 | 1991 | 2228 | 693956 | 321.0578192277 | 1991 | 840 | 5056006 | 16.6139043348 | |||
| 1992 | 136446 | 126491587 | 107.8696245625 | 198941 | 18234525 | 1091.0127902975 | 2365 | 1214 | 14274655 | 64060 | 448.767413293 | 10.114179916 | 4.1602760287 | 3.1072916844 | 0.2115890572 | 4.7261423304 | 1992 | 2365 | 705586 | 335.1823874056 | 1992 | 1214 | 5318955 | 22.8240321642 | |||
| 1993 | 134752 | 127016068 | 106.0905144694 | 197771 | 18510000 | 1068.454889249 | 2399 | 1382 | 14787359 | 60435 | 408.6936686936 | 10.0711632382 | 3.8523111207 | 3.1547576048 | 0.2337477461 | 4.2781161168 | 1993 | 2399 | 716783 | 334.6898573208 | 1993 | 1382 | 5572936 | 24.7984186432 | |||
| 1994 | 136300 | 127413332 | 106.9746767159 | 195065 | 18779224 | 1038.7276918365 | 2692 | 1540 | 15295695 | 62624 | 409.4223897639 | 9.7100334745 | 3.827283263 | 3.4616055918 | 0.2485793369 | 4.0228605177 | 1994 | 2692 | 726970 | 370.3041390979 | 1994 | 1540 | 5791282 | 26.5916942052 | |||
| 1995 | 150019 | 127903713 | 117.2905746685 | 206679 | 19070779 | 1083.747024702 | 2870 | 1448 | 15827842 | 71819 | 453.7510546289 | 9.2398475135 | 3.8686062875 | 3.3144569734 | 0.2052021388 | 4.8732435535 | 1995 | 2870 | 738255 | 388.7545631252 | 1995 | 1448 | 6016218 | 24.0682767812 | |||
| 1996 | 146564 | 128415381 | 114.1327455159 | 191885 | 19363962 | 990.938734542 | 3017 | 1657 | 16401252 | 65979 | 402.2802649456 | 8.6823350307 | 3.5246700071 | 3.5277069845 | 0.2325121932 | 4.3008497158 | 1996 | 3017 | 749329 | 402.6268835185 | 1996 | 1657 | 6244052 | 26.5372549748 | |||
| 1997 | 147463 | 129011194 | 114.3024844805 | 184220 | 19691092 | 935.549943091 | 3034 | 1961 | 17042615 | 64554 | 378.7798996809 | 8.1848609621 | 3.3138378523 | 3.4838059167 | 0.2643532502 | 3.7828171173 | 1997 | 3034 | 761914 | 398.207671732 | 1997 | 1961 | 6489889 | 30.2162332823 | |||
| 1998 | 161537 | 129722012 | 124.5255122932 | 199958 | 20031920 | 998.1968777831 | 3278 | 2657 | 17698537 | 63605 | 359.3799871707 | 8.0160029812 | 2.88599485 | 3.3935263208 | 0.3173557702 | 3.1510377117 | 1998 | 3278 | 775710 | 422.5806035761 | 1998 | 2657 | 6723367 | 39.5188898657 | |||
| 1999 | 159801 | 130399952 | 122.5468242504 | 199517 | 20362331 | 979.8337921135 | 3189 | 2473 | 18386072 | 59482 | 323.5166271512 | 7.9955869775 | 2.6399429698 | 3.2964294304 | 0.2899912903 | 3.4483794284 | 1999 | 3189 | 789421 | 403.9669580617 | 1999 | 2473 | 6958844 | 35.5375116902 | |||
| Populations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Year | 1. WhiteNH | 2. BlackNH | 3 | AmIndNH | 4 | AsianNH | Hispanic | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 1983 | 121098758 | 16017353 | 548396 | 3082301 | 9578986 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1984 | 121617377 | 16230322 | 567422 | 3300304 | 10042870 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1985 | 122150459 | 16434205 | 586382 | 3528292 | 10516521 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1986 | 122672615 | 16652867 | 604112 | 3766348 | 11016363 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1987 | 123190110 | 16876965 | 623020 | 4001152 | 11507643 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1988 | 123591247 | 17069850 | 641732 | 4240444 | 12011871 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1989 | 124003294 | 17244614 | 659166 | 4501609 | 12495988 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1990 | 125362431 | 17647546 | 681484 | 4813950 | 13349695 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1991 | 125926011 | 17937033 | 693956 | 5056006 | 13809406 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1992 | 126491587 | 18234525 | 705586 | 5318955 | 14274655 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1993 | 127016068 | 18510000 | 716783 | 5572936 | 14787359 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1994 | 127413332 | 18779224 | 726970 | 5791282 | 15295695 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1995 | 127903713 | 19070779 | 738255 | 6016218 | 15827842 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1996 | 128415381 | 19363962 | 749329 | 6244052 | 16401252 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1997 | 129011194 | 19691092 | 761914 | 6489889 | 17042615 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1998 | 129722012 | 20031920 | 775710 | 6723367 | 17698537 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1999 | 130399952 | 20362331 | 789421 | 6958844 | 18386072 |
CPUS Non-NCRP Data
| WHITE | BLACK | |||||||
| Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | rate | Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | rate | B/W disparity |
| 1981 | 174920 | 138190744 | 126.5786657897 | 1981 | 159331 | 17695181 | 900.4202895692 | 7.1135233094 |
| 1982 | 195712 | 138701503 | 141.1030131375 | 1982 | 179616 | 17976351 | 999.1794218971 | 7.0812054235 |
| 1983 | 33518 | 18644480 | 179.7743889881 | 1983 | 28156 | 2208841 | 1274.6956435524 | 7.0905296952 |
| 1984 | 35400 | 18731246 | 188.989029347 | 1984 | 29581 | 2222797 | 1330.8007883761 | 7.0416827526 |
| 1985 | 38181 | 18799017 | 203.1010451238 | 1985 | 32593 | 2234806 | 1458.4263690003 | 7.1807920442 |
| 1986 | 41900 | 18874363 | 221.9942469052 | 1986 | 34425 | 2247473 | 1531.7202920792 | 6.899819763 |
| 1987 | 45097 | 18884025 | 238.8103171861 | 1987 | 37260 | 2249946 | 1656.0397449539 | 6.9345402011 |
| 1988 | 47507 | 18884450 | 251.5667652487 | 1988 | 40940 | 2252422 | 1817.5990111977 | 7.2251158034 |
| 1989 | 50291 | 18911093 | 265.9338622046 | 1989 | 46527 | 2256990 | 2061.4623901745 | 7.7517860008 |
| 1990 | 53035 | 19078552 | 277.9823122845 | 1990 | 48828 | 2299209 | 2123.6868853593 | 7.6396475298 |
| 1991 | 55239 | 19181432 | 287.981627232 | 1991 | 53159 | 2316942 | 2294.3604112662 | 7.9670374576 |
| 1992 | 57131 | 19326323 | 295.6123624758 | 1992 | 57104 | 2343855 | 2436.3281858306 | 8.2416315929 |
| 1993 | 60976 | 19492660 | 312.8151827406 | 1993 | 60659 | 2368210 | 2561.3860257325 | 8.1881768119 |
| 1994 | 63775 | 19670548 | 324.2156751301 | 1994 | 64039 | 2387009 | 2682.8135126428 | 8.274780396 |
| 1995 | 68994 | 19840780 | 347.7383449643 | 1995 | 65822 | 2407643 | 2733.8770739682 | 7.8618798115 |
| 1996 | 73650 | 19982006 | 368.5816128771 | 1996 | 67949 | 2433632 | 2792.0819581597 | 7.5752068487 |
| 1997 | 78127 | 20104454 | 388.6054304186 | 1997 | 72432 | 2463051 | 2940.7430053214 | 7.5674264309 |
| 1998 | 82356 | 20203791 | 407.6264697056 | 1998 | 76060 | 2496072 | 3047.1877413792 | 7.4754412872 |
All Races
| All New Sentences, All races | All prison admits, all races | Prison Census | Admit Rates | |||||||||||||||||||||
| drug | total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Year | sum(freq_n~D) | sum(freq_n~T) | % | non-drug | Year | new | pp | total | pp as % of T | Year | sum(adultpop) | Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | rate | ratio to 1981 | new | pp | total | drug | non-drug | |||
| 1983 | 8024 | 100882 | 0.0795384707 | 92858 | 1983 | 100882 | 28317 | 132747 | 0.2133155552 | 1983 | 150325795 | 1981 | 338185 | 159537884 | 211.9778647685 | 1 | 1983 | 67.1089083547 | 18.8370864761 | 88.3062018731 | 5.3377399401 | 61.7711684146 | ||
| 1984 | 13039 | 110832 | 0.1176465281 | 97793 | 1984 | 110832 | 45393 | 164511 | 0.2759268377 | 1984 | 151758295 | 1982 | 379940 | 160602105 | 236.5722416901 | 1.1160233261 | 1984 | 73.0319222419 | 29.911379803 | 108.4033001293 | 8.5919520907 | 64.4399701512 | ||
| 1985 | 17649 | 130756 | 0.1349765976 | 113107 | 1985 | 130756 | 50474 | 193174 | 0.2612877509 | 1985 | 153215859 | 1983 | 399855 | 162122463 | 246.6376297281 | 1.1635065293 | 1985 | 85.3410350948 | 32.9430649865 | 126.0796377482 | 11.5190425555 | 73.8219925393 | ||
| 1986 | 21304 | 129812 | 0.1641142575 | 108508 | 1986 | 129812 | 56381 | 204317 | 0.2759486484 | 1986 | 154712305 | 1984 | 421492 | 163174315 | 258.3078102703 | 1.218560299 | 1986 | 83.9054139876 | 36.4424794783 | 132.0625402097 | 13.7700747203 | 70.1353392673 | ||
| 1987 | 28437 | 146812 | 0.1936967005 | 118375 | 1987 | 146812 | 64139 | 240434 | 0.2667634361 | 1987 | 156198890 | 1985 | 454455 | 164162439 | 276.8325097801 | 1.3059500815 | 1987 | 93.9904246439 | 41.0623916726 | 153.9281105007 | 18.2056351361 | 75.7847895078 | ||
| 1988 | 50186 | 200167 | 0.2507206483 | 149981 | 1988 | 200167 | 76774 | 320113 | 0.2398340586 | 1988 | 157555144 | 1986 | 484267 | 165155634 | 293.2185770907 | 1.383250923 | 1988 | 127.0456774169 | 48.7283360294 | 203.1752133716 | 31.8529746004 | 95.1927028165 | ||
| 1989 | 70107 | 224864 | 0.3117751174 | 154757 | 1989 | 224864 | 69831 | 341182 | 0.2046737518 | 1989 | 158904670 | 1987 | 513722 | 166251119 | 309.0036344357 | 1.4577165157 | 1989 | 141.508742317 | 43.945215707 | 214.7086048509 | 44.1189047496 | 97.3898375674 | ||
| 1990 | 80066 | 247107 | 0.324013484 | 167041 | 1990 | 247107 | 96787 | 388911 | 0.2488667073 | 1990 | 161855106 | 1988 | 555773 | 165293405 | 336.2342254369 | 1.5861761123 | 1990 | 152.6717359167 | 59.7985459909 | 240.283429798 | 49.4677010684 | 103.2040348483 | ||
| 1991 | 66070 | 222197 | 0.2973487491 | 156127 | 1991 | 222197 | 102159 | 369957 | 0.2761374971 | 1991 | 163422412 | 1989 | 627872 | 166263799 | 377.6360240632 | 1.7814880081 | 1991 | 135.9648271499 | 62.5122336341 | 226.3808222339 | 40.4289712723 | 95.5358558776 | ||
| 1992 | 73819 | 239275 | 0.3085111274 | 165456 | 1992 | 239275 | 120764 | 403026 | 0.2996431992 | 1992 | 165025308 | 1990 | 678232 | 168476870 | 402.5668330614 | 1.8990984436 | 1992 | 144.9929122386 | 73.1790786902 | 244.2207227997 | 44.7319268145 | 100.2609854241 | ||
| 1993 | 68723 | 228725 | 0.3004612526 | 160002 | 1993 | 228725 | 123921 | 396739 | 0.3123489246 | 1993 | 166603146 | 1991 | 719814 | 169717700 | 424.1242958159 | 2.000795207 | 1993 | 137.2873234939 | 74.3809483646 | 238.1341586431 | 41.2495211825 | 96.0378023114 | ||
| 1994 | 68859 | 224180 | 0.3071594255 | 155321 | 1994 | 224180 | 118391 | 398221 | 0.2972997406 | 1994 | 168006503 | 1992 | 765800 | 170938217 | 447.9981208649 | 2.1134193485 | 1994 | 133.435311132 | 70.4681056304 | 237.0271345985 | 40.9859135036 | 92.4493976284 | ||
| 1995 | 79402 | 253332 | 0.313430597 | 173930 | 1995 | 253332 | 120270 | 432835 | 0.2778656994 | 1995 | 169556807 | 1993 | 812983 | 173978270 | 467.2899667298 | 2.2044281239 | 1995 | 149.408333692 | 70.9319797465 | 255.2743282079 | 46.8291432263 | 102.5791904656 | ||
| 1996 | 71475 | 233850 | 0.305644644 | 162375 | 1996 | 233850 | 114386 | 409102 | 0.2796026419 | 1996 | 171173976 | 1994 | 886569 | 175161054 | 506.1450475172 | 2.3877259452 | 1996 | 136.6153929847 | 66.8244102713 | 238.9977784941 | 41.7557631541 | 94.8596298306 | ||
| 1997 | 69456 | 226801 | 0.306242036 | 157345 | 1997 | 226801 | 109810 | 401232 | 0.2736820593 | 1997 | 172996704 | 1995 | 915435 | 176462558 | 518.7701064608 | 2.4472843286 | 1997 | 131.1013416764 | 63.4751977702 | 231.9304303046 | 40.1487417934 | 90.9525998831 | ||
| 1998 | 73369 | 236960 | 0.3096260972 | 163591 | 1998 | 236960 | 124069 | 431035 | 0.2878397346 | 1998 | 174951546 | 1996 | 957288 | 176676031 | 541.8324118907 | 2.5560801477 | 1998 | 135.4432158033 | 70.9162067079 | 246.3739302995 | 41.9367543057 | 93.5064614976 | ||
| 1999 | 75974 | 242443 | 0.3133685031 | 166469 | 1999 | 242443 | 117166 | 424462 | 0.2760341326 | 1999 | 176896620 | 1997 | 1003772 | 178940441 | 560.9531274152 | 2.6462816201 | 1999 | 137.0534948604 | 66.2341654691 | 239.9491861405 | 42.9482485307 | 94.1052463297 | ||
| 1999 vs 1983 | 9.4683449651 | 2.4032334807 | 1.7927265287 | 2.4032334807 | 4.1376558251 | 3.1975261211 | 1.1767549275 | 1998 | 1048703 | 180368424 | 581.4227217509 | 2.7428463929 | 2.0422548693 | 3.5161576369 | 2.7172404775 | 8.0461485596 | 1.5234493493 |
Sheet9
Sheet10
White New Sentences per 100,000 pop, by offense. All States in NCRP
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
19831984198519861987198819891990199119921993199419951996199719981999
ViolentRob/BurTheftDrugOther
AdmTyp (3)
| 1983 | 52.5348079377 | 6.9011490168 |
| 1984 | 62.9523527037 | 7.1114192464 |
| 1985 | 68.453283302 | 7.2759821174 |
| 1986 | 67.9817578214 | 7.620146043 |
| 1987 | 77.8301116083 | 7.9786923121 |
| 1988 | 97.3628820847 | 9.1570258341 |
| 1989 | 96.8853298863 | 10.0245993207 |
| 1990 | 107.0663666374 | 10.1724905176 |
| 1991 | 101.9352546632 | 10.1070542642 |
| 1992 | 107.8696245625 | 10.114179916 |
| 1993 | 106.0905144694 | 10.0711632382 |
| 1994 | 106.9746767159 | 9.7100334745 |
| 1995 | 117.2905746685 | 9.2398475135 |
| 1996 | 114.1327455159 | 8.6823350307 |
| 1997 | 114.3024844805 | 8.1848609621 |
| 1998 | 124.5255122932 | 8.0160029812 |
| 1999 | 122.5468242504 | 7.9955869775 |
Calculated from National Corrections Reporting Program Data
Black
White
Disparity
Admissions per 100,000 population
Disparity ratio
Prison Admission Rates per 100,000 and Disparity, 1983-1999
362.5505381452
447.6805726234
498.0648651861
518.0309228593
620.9825131411
891.5544265324
971.2366121615
1089.1315993737
1030.2651503178
1091.0127902975
1068.454889249
1038.7276918365
1083.747024702
990.938734542
935.549943091
998.1968777831
979.8337921135
All (2)
| 1981 | 1981 | 1981 | |
| 1982 | 1982 | 1982 | |
| 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 6.9011490168 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 7.1114192464 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 7.2759821174 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 7.620146043 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 7.9786923121 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 9.1570258341 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 10.0245993207 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 10.1724905176 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 10.1070542642 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 10.114179916 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 10.0711632382 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 9.7100334745 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 9.2398475135 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 8.6823350307 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 8.1848609621 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 8.0160029812 |
| 9.176060938 | 8.0866604529 | 7.9955869775 |
Admissions data calculated from NCRP, In prison from CPUS
Revocation Prob/Parole
NewSentence
InPrison
AllAdmits
Black/White Disparity Ratios in Imprisonment Rates (State Prisons, Totals)
7.1135233748
7.0812052307
7.5521164211
6.8577998667
7.0880768609
8.2389670835
6.8040136583
6.9750816773
8.6290101346
7.0152091957
6.8856114636
8.9334083967
7.1708544703
7.1124784181
8.4938202805
7.658752252
7.1183454903
9.2752291221
9.0337585026
7.3410094102
10.0216702417
9.9234192388
7.636665386
10.1141420228
10.1136704479
7.7113037627
10.1588798497
9.9032224626
7.884877547
10.4548088199
9.9025060559
7.9107131608
11.2830472719
9.493192354
7.9728244332
11.1942654264
9.239863559
8.0186574815
10.6256222378
8.9375430156
8.8336648518
10.0745290839
8.4187252577
8.5348249625
9.2754886727
8.1625603313
8.3630540802
9.0810292932
7.9644409865
8.1836377725
Notes
| Generated 1/5/04 |
| Data Set from which these graphs were generated is ncrp_cpus_time_series.dta |
| Tables summed prison frequencies & population across states to generate national totals by year. |
| These raw numbers are used to calculate rates and disparities in the data tables in this file. |
| Graphs are on the front worksheets, data tables are in the back. |
| Initial graphs compare disparities in CPUS and types of admits |
| Next graphs give black & white incarceration rates from CPUS, comparing all states to those in NCRP |
| Offense graphs from NCRP show total new sentences by offense category, disparities + black & white rates |
| 1/6-7/03 |
| Added data on total admissions |
| Added data on CPUS for non-NCRP states |
All
| 1981 | 1981 | 1981 | 7.1135233094 | ||
| 1982 | 1982 | 1982 | 7.0812054235 | ||
| 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 7.1140350538 | 6.9011490168 | 7.0905296952 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 6.9910238389 | 7.1114192464 | 7.0416827526 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 6.8629812648 | 7.2759821174 | 7.1807920442 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 7.1903763161 | 7.620146043 | 6.899819763 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 7.1982159304 | 7.9786923121 | 6.9345402011 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 7.4102601896 | 9.1570258341 | 7.2251158034 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 7.6599912078 | 10.0245993207 | 7.7517860008 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 7.7645907315 | 10.1724905176 | 7.6396475298 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 7.9157015818 | 10.1070542642 | 7.9670374576 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 7.8985942509 | 10.114179916 | 8.2416315929 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 7.9845841402 | 10.0711632382 | 8.1881768119 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 8.0187243707 | 9.7100334745 | 8.274780396 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 9.0818346024 | 9.2398475135 | 7.8618798115 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 8.7851105913 | 8.6823350307 | 7.5752068487 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 8.5867167273 | 8.1848609621 | 7.5674264309 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 8.3930377482 | 8.0160029812 | 7.4754412872 |
| 9.176060938 | 8.0866604529 | 7.9955869775 |
PPRev
NewSent
InPrison
InPrison/NCRP
AllAdmits
InPrison/NotNCRP
Black/White Disparity Ratios in Imprisonment Rates (State Prisons, Totals)
7.1135233748
7.0812052307
7.5521164211
6.8577998667
7.0880768609
8.2389670835
6.8040136583
6.9750816773
8.6290101346
7.0152091957
6.8856114636
8.9334083967
7.1708544703
7.1124784181
8.4938202805
7.658752252
7.1183454903
9.2752291221
9.0337585026
7.3410094102
10.0216702417
9.9234192388
7.636665386
10.1141420228
10.1136704479
7.7113037627
10.1588798497
9.9032224626
7.884877547
10.4548088199
9.9025060559
7.9107131608
11.2830472719
9.493192354
7.9728244332
11.1942654264
9.239863559
8.0186574815
10.6256222378
8.9375430156
8.8336648518
10.0745290839
8.4187252577
8.5348249625
9.2754886727
8.1625603313
8.3630540802
9.0810292932
7.9644409865
8.1836377725
CPUS
| 1983 | 1983 | 1983 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 1984 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 1985 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 1986 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 1987 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 1988 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 1989 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 1990 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 1991 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 1992 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 1993 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 1994 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 1995 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 1996 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 1997 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 1998 |
CPUS all
CPUS in NCRP
CPUS not NCRP
Year
Black/White Disparity in CPUS Imprisonment Rates for states in and not in the NCRP
7.0880768609
7.1140350538
7.0905296952
6.9750816773
6.9910238389
7.0416827526
6.8856114636
6.8629812648
7.1807920442
7.1124784181
7.1903763161
6.899819763
7.1183454903
7.1982159304
6.9345402011
7.3410094102
7.4102601896
7.2251158034
7.636665386
7.6599912078
7.7517860008
7.7113037627
7.7645907315
7.6396475298
7.884877547
7.9157015818
7.9670374576
7.9107131608
7.8985942509
8.2416315929
7.9728244332
7.9845841402
8.1881768119
8.0186574815
8.0187243707
8.274780396
8.8336648518
9.0818346024
7.8618798115
8.5348249625
8.7851105913
7.5752068487
8.3630540802
8.5867167273
7.5674264309
8.1836377725
8.3930377482
7.4754412872
New
| 1983 |
| 1984 |
| 1985 |
| 1986 |
| 1987 |
| 1988 |
| 1989 |
| 1990 |
| 1991 |
| 1992 |
| 1993 |
| 1994 |
| 1995 |
| 1996 |
| 1997 |
| 1998 |
| 1999 |
Disparity
Year
Disparity New Sentences
6.8577998667
6.8040136583
7.0152091957
7.1708544703
7.658752252
9.0337585026
9.9234192388
10.1136704479
9.9032224626
9.9025060559
9.493192354
9.239863559
8.9375430156
8.4187252577
8.1625603313
7.9644409865
8.0866604529
PP
| 1983 |
| 1984 |
| 1985 |
| 1986 |
| 1987 |
| 1988 |
| 1989 |
| 1990 |
| 1991 |
| 1992 |
| 1993 |
| 1994 |
| 1995 |
| 1996 |
| 1997 |
| 1998 |
| 1999 |
Disparity PP Revocations
7.5521164211
8.2389670835
8.6290101346
8.9334083967
8.4938202805
9.2752291221
10.0216702417
10.1141420228
10.1588798497
10.4548088199
11.2830472719
11.1942654264
10.6256222378
10.0745290839
9.2754886727
9.0810292932
9.176060938
TotAdmits
| 1983 | 1983 | 3.7521879421 | 0.0401412748 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 2.7015285422 | 0.1145542077 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 2.705545009 | 0.1316643855 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 2.948726591 | 0.1773139962 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 2.5840543176 | 0.1438617406 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 2.1974716697 | 0.113597321 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 2.5397912891 | 0.1600404006 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 2.5286437153 | 0.1563797094 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 3.149624929 | 0.162984871 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 3.1072916844 | 0.2115890572 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 3.1547576048 | 0.2337477461 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 3.4616055918 | 0.2485793369 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 3.3144569734 | 0.2052021388 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 3.5277069845 | 0.2325121932 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 3.4838059167 | 0.2643532502 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 3.3935263208 | 0.3173557702 |
| 1999 | 1999 | 3.2964294304 | 0.2899912903 |
Black
Hispanic
AmerInd
Asian
Year
Minority/White Disparity All Admits
6.9011490168
1.9694764348
7.1114192464
2.2281719776
7.2759821174
3.6534728502
7.620146043
4.4050585738
7.9786923121
4.2484649645
9.1570258341
3.9120644665
10.0245993207
4.2319265239
10.1724905176
4.1862352345
10.1070542642
3.8167453114
10.114179916
4.1602760287
10.0711632382
3.8523111207
9.7100334745
3.827283263
9.2398475135
3.8686062875
8.6823350307
3.5246700071
8.1848609621
3.3138378523
8.0160029812
2.88599485
7.9955869775
2.6399429698
CPUS rates
| 1981 | 900.4202987606 | 126.5786657897 | 900.4202895692 | ||
| 1982 | 999.1793982938 | 141.1030131375 | 999.1794218971 | ||
| 1983 | 1041.1937701364 | 141.8313471156 | 1008.9931751098 | 179.7743889881 | 1274.6956435524 |
| 1984 | 1077.7961206162 | 149.2122299922 | 1043.1462569305 | 188.989029347 | 1330.8007883761 |
| 1985 | 1146.6649624423 | 160.9023830371 | 1104.2700402458 | 203.1010451238 | 1458.4263690003 |
| 1986 | 1232.6180747392 | 165.8120682466 | 1192.2511684441 | 221.9942469052 | 1531.7202920792 |
| 1987 | 1298.259846346 | 173.732290872 | 1250.5625437824 | 238.8103171861 | 1656.0397449539 |
| 1988 | 1418.8083282015 | 184.364188961 | 1366.1866098544 | 251.5667652487 | 1817.5990111977 |
| 1989 | 1624.7894901557 | 204.6526288047 | 1567.6373373025 | 265.9338622046 | 2061.4623901745 |
| 1990 | 1734.4976664124 | 216.8552395095 | 1683.7921827771 | 277.9823122845 | 2123.6868853593 |
| 1991 | 1839.2340269009 | 224.9257303958 | 1780.4449598771 | 287.981627232 | 2294.3604112662 |
| 1992 | 1938.5539580861 | 237.3296178188 | 1874.5703548625 | 295.6123624758 | 2436.3281858306 |
| 1993 | 2042.3254675569 | 247.4663284333 | 1975.9157212318 | 312.8151827406 | 2561.3860257325 |
| 1994 | 2212.1272122441 | 268.4091175011 | 2152.2987318326 | 324.2156751301 | 2682.8135126428 |
| 1995 | 2360.2758154207 | 254.6962807874 | 2313.1094959466 | 347.7383449643 | 2733.8770739682 |
| 1996 | 2409.982412863 | 268.8584550471 | 2361.9512609854 | 368.5816128771 | 2792.0819581597 |
| 1997 | 2467.5655474464 | 280.4772119232 | 2408.3783672333 | 388.6054304186 | 2940.7430053214 |
| 1998 | 2522.4573943386 | 292.7513951911 | 2457.073510677 | 407.6264697056 | 3047.1877413792 |
White
Black
White NCRP
Black NCRP
White NotNCRP
Black NotNCRP
Year
In prison per 100,000
CPUS Imprisonment Rates per 100,000 for states in and not in the NCRP
126.5786659184
141.1030136462
146.8936907104
154.520931866
166.5305933262
173.3035943697
182.3822471275
193.2715582985
212.7616450409
224.9292363235
233.2609499569
245.0542597957
256.1608479735
275.8725157373
267.1910079247
282.3704555701
295.0555531234
308.2317991654
CPUS rates 2
| 126.5786659184 | 1981 | 1981 | 126.5786657897 | 900.4202895692 | |
| 141.1030136462 | 1982 | 1982 | 141.1030131375 | 999.1794218971 | |
| 146.8936907104 | 1983 | 141.8313471156 | 1983 | 179.7743889881 | 1274.6956435524 |
| 154.520931866 | 1984 | 149.2122299922 | 1984 | 188.989029347 | 1330.8007883761 |
| 166.5305933262 | 1985 | 160.9023830371 | 1985 | 203.1010451238 | 1458.4263690003 |
| 173.3035943697 | 1986 | 165.8120682466 | 1986 | 221.9942469052 | 1531.7202920792 |
| 182.3822471275 | 1987 | 173.732290872 | 1987 | 238.8103171861 | 1656.0397449539 |
| 193.2715582985 | 1988 | 184.364188961 | 1988 | 251.5667652487 | 1817.5990111977 |
| 212.7616450409 | 1989 | 204.6526288047 | 1989 | 265.9338622046 | 2061.4623901745 |
| 224.9292363235 | 1990 | 216.8552395095 | 1990 | 277.9823122845 | 2123.6868853593 |
| 233.2609499569 | 1991 | 224.9257303958 | 1991 | 287.981627232 | 2294.3604112662 |
| 245.0542597957 | 1992 | 237.3296178188 | 1992 | 295.6123624758 | 2436.3281858306 |
| 256.1608479735 | 1993 | 247.4663284333 | 1993 | 312.8151827406 | 2561.3860257325 |
| 275.8725157373 | 1994 | 268.4091175011 | 1994 | 324.2156751301 | 2682.8135126428 |
| 267.1910079247 | 1995 | 254.6962807874 | 1995 | 347.7383449643 | 2733.8770739682 |
| 282.3704555701 | 1996 | 268.8584550471 | 1996 | 368.5816128771 | 2792.0819581597 |
| 295.0555531234 | 1997 | 280.4772119232 | 1997 | 388.6054304186 | 2940.7430053214 |
| 308.2317991654 | 1998 | 292.7513951911 | 1998 | 407.6264697056 | 3047.1877413792 |
White
Black
White NCRP
Black NCRP
White NotNCRP
Black NotNCRP
Year
black
white
CPUS imprisonment rates per 100,000 for states in and not in the NCRP. Different scales for blacks & whites
900.4202987606
999.1793982938
1041.1937701364
1008.9931751098
1077.7961206162
1043.1462569305
1146.6649624423
1104.2700402458
1232.6180747392
1192.2511684441
1298.259846346
1250.5625437824
1418.8083282015
1366.1866098544
1624.7894901557
1567.6373373025
1734.4976664124
1683.7921827771
1839.2340269009
1780.4449598771
1938.5539580861
1874.5703548625
2042.3254675569
1975.9157212318
2212.1272122441
2152.2987318326
2360.2758154207
2313.1094959466
2409.982412863
2361.9512609854
2467.5655474464
2408.3783672333
2522.4573943386
2457.073510677
Off Dispar
| 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 1984 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 1985 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 1986 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 1988 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 1989 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 1991 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 1993 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 1994 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 1996 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 |
| 1999 | 1999 | 1999 | 1999 | 1999 |
Violent
Rob/Burg
Theft
Drug
Other
B/W Disparity Ratios in Prison Admits, by Offense. All States in NCRP
6.9097276174
7.5315270021
6.9187324056
4.8311437185
6.581181906
6.678030171
8.364841751
6.7290077234
5.6023395466
4.863765498
6.4379905249
8.632711838
6.7712048415
6.8633001854
5.0625377098
6.7380236309
9.0412487864
6.7875143661
7.1757357797
4.8756683115
6.6166899651
9.0236562372
7.1064235163
9.1214646157
6.423753983
7.0690546039
10.0920230437
7.569278904
13.7649728431
6.5316813192
7.3521880313
10.2338481238
7.5004708574
17.4651068422
5.9407161202
7.4746866658
10.4447440933
7.3972320303
19.4540545125
5.3517167221
7.8798835967
10.6632396981
7.217964374
20.8034073418
5.1957566106
7.2160620095
10.1191655983
7.0920292235
19.9257260506
5.5756689703
6.9383209006
9.9894295475
6.7572291038
18.98487039
5.4933752108
6.9353338176
9.321742311
6.4455099962
19.2863404224
5.1666791083
6.8137336329
8.9580872941
6.3791057647
18.0100877876
5.0186148364
6.3484776373
8.6646647848
6.2382731983
16.7708667999
4.70105025
6.3738430824
8.5777158811
6.0403066877
15.2890483042
4.6752790879
6.0400256881
8.1689814416
5.8933579436
15.3379566601
4.504927078
6.2925598892
8.1135356273
5.9729375972
15.4201508728
4.4868844208
Off Black
| 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 1984 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 1985 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 1986 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 1988 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 1989 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 1991 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 1993 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 1994 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 1996 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 |
| 1999 | 1999 | 1999 | 1999 | 1999 |
Violent
Rob/Bur
Theft
Drug
Other
Black New Sentences per 100,000 pop, by offense. All States in NCRP
51.0446384577
99.0925271037
47.9916995871
16.919149978
61.2148581308
61.7794261175
117.1942220186
52.6237237927
28.4775613359
35.1132890639
69.5500642503
127.8187794962
56.6805641725
38.2860021227
38.432039003
65.9946427049
119.6850977026
52.801719136
44.5088527506
37.3209012203
67.9446817189
114.9436540216
57.1963035347
65.8767743395
66.5996531369
91.6411118837
166.0647317374
80.0710041058
150.534425044
73.5976020325
95.3921060271
169.6297802739
84.0030424261
230.3501901346
65.8060558782
104.2297892296
166.7993952247
82.6743843025
267.255288639
74.6732718532
101.8228600014
147.984340554
72.3252279237
218.9771296067
79.7233299398
106.0460856535
155.3975220084
75.7299682882
233.7214706717
66.2424713558
104.1545110751
147.7147487844
71.0642895732
216.2506753106
66.3749324689
101.5696921236
130.6443759337
65.1464618559
211.7339885823
62.7235715384
109.5812604194
132.637476424
73.1905078445
233.8708869732
69.9289735359
98.4044484285
120.8791878439
63.7937628673
203.5378916773
63.7421205433
95.1547024411
114.1734546769
57.5183946121
191.4876026175
64.1762275043
100.958869644
114.062955523
56.4748661137
202.1972931202
62.5651460269
104.8406491379
114.790394086
57.5719940905
212.819445868
63.9759760314
Off White
| 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 1984 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 1985 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 1986 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 1988 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 1989 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 1991 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 1993 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 1994 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 1996 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 |
| 1999 | 1999 | 1999 | 1999 | 1999 |
Violent
Rob/Bur
Theft
Drug
Other
White New Sentences per 100,000 pop, by offense. All States in NCRP
7.3873589935
13.1570300519
6.9364873179
3.5021003232
9.3014991844
9.2511451035
14.0103334298
7.8204285023
5.0831551889
7.2193630796
10.803070303
14.8063299105
8.3708240261
5.5783662507
7.5914573295
9.7943620148
13.2376733049
7.7792423393
6.2026883538
7.6545201264
10.2686814823
12.738035559
8.0485357231
7.2221706837
10.3677154065
12.9637012329
16.4550488063
10.5784190438
10.9360495484
11.2677882518
12.9746553844
16.5753661987
11.1997025284
13.1891658159
11.0771251389
13.9443690271
15.9696966949
11.176394625
13.7377680559
13.9531435857
12.9218736231
13.8779906242
10.0201697011
10.5260223005
15.3439308103
14.6958390205
15.3567525404
10.678180518
11.7296338451
11.8806320297
15.0114865782
14.787105518
10.5167796566
11.3906848384
12.0827232662
14.6452492114
14.0150168901
10.1072625587
10.978442978
12.1400168704
16.0824103676
14.8064505367
11.4734745816
12.9855495282
13.9339191818
15.5004796505
13.9508210469
10.2261893379
12.1363966517
13.55912342
14.9289370967
13.3104728881
9.5224295033
12.5244945799
13.7267158383
16.7149735544
13.9629348333
9.5827992554
13.1828050894
13.8881595515
16.6610490777
14.1480113428
9.638807229
13.8013854484
14.2584408313
CPUS data
| White | White | Black | Black | Asian | AmerInd | |||||||||||||||||
| Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | Rate | Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | Rate | Year | Disparity | Year | sum(freq_c~s) | sum(adultpop) | rate | AsWdisp | W/As Disp | Year | sum(freq_c~s) | sum(adultpop) | rate | AIW disp | ||
| 1981 | 174920 | 138190743.8594 | 126.5786659184 | 1981 | 159331 | 17695180.81937 | 900.4202987606 | 1981 | 7.1135233748 | 1981 | 1067 | 2779247 | 38.3916938653 | 0.3033030376 | 3.2970325915 | 1981 | 2867 | 872712.4 | 328.5160151271 | 2.5953505888 | ||
| 1982 | 195712 | 138701502.5 | 141.1030136462 | 1982 | 179616 | 17976351.42465 | 999.1793982938 | 1982 | 7.0812052307 | 1982 | 1351 | 3022061 | 44.704590675 | 0.3168223663 | 3.1563428166 | 1982 | 3261 | 902190.7 | 361.4535153156 | 2.5616286001 | ||
| 1983 | 205274 | 139743238.125 | 146.8936907104 | 1983 | 189770 | 18226194.3399 | 1041.1937701364 | 1983 | 7.0880768609 | 1983 | 1380 | 3225257 | 42.7872879588 | 0.2912806381 | 3.433115248 | 1983 | 3431 | 927773.7 | 369.810008626 | 2.5175350067 | ||
| 1984 | 216868 | 140348622.9219 | 154.520931866 | 1984 | 198887 | 18453118.93369 | 1077.7961206162 | 1984 | 6.9750816773 | 1984 | 1963 | 3422767 | 57.3512599601 | 0.3711552815 | 2.6942900988 | 1984 | 3774 | 949806.6 | 397.3440487779 | 2.5714577564 | ||
| 1985 | 234724 | 140949476.7969 | 166.5305933262 | 1985 | 214071 | 18669010.30481 | 1146.6649624423 | 1985 | 6.8856114636 | 1985 | 1580 | 3569918 | 44.2587196681 | 0.2657693027 | 3.762661789 | 1985 | 4080 | 974034.4 | 418.8763764401 | 2.51531186 | ||
| 1986 | 245306 | 141546977.6563 | 173.3035943697 | 1986 | 232969 | 18900339.4299 | 1232.6180747392 | 1986 | 7.1124784181 | 1986 | 1536 | 3709531 | 41.4068517017 | 0.2389266758 | 4.1853844774 | 1986 | 4456 | 998786.5 | 446.1413925799 | 2.5743343305 | ||
| 1987 | 259118 | 142074135 | 182.3822471275 | 1987 | 248317 | 19126910.58719 | 1298.259846346 | 1987 | 7.1183454903 | 1987 | 1668 | 4021288 | 41.4792474451 | 0.2274302905 | 4.3969516894 | 1987 | 4619 | 1028785 | 448.9762195211 | 2.4617320304 | ||
| 1988 | 275365 | 142475697.1094 | 193.2715582985 | 1988 | 274146 | 19322271.69455 | 1418.8083282015 | 1988 | 7.3410094102 | 1988 | 1784 | 2569991 | 69.4165855056 | 0.3591660673 | 2.7842273844 | 1988 | 4478 | 925445.4 | 483.875115701 | 2.5036022887 | ||
| 1989 | 304067 | 142914386.6328 | 212.7616450409 | 1989 | 316860 | 19501603.2489 | 1624.7894901557 | 1989 | 7.636665386 | 1989 | 2016 | 2869851 | 70.2475494372 | 0.3301701743 | 3.0287411696 | 1989 | 4929 | 977958.2 | 504.0092715619 | 2.3688915898 | ||
| 1990 | 324890 | 144440983 | 224.9292363235 | 1990 | 345976 | 19946755 | 1734.4976664124 | 1990 | 7.7113037627 | 1990 | 2220 | 3061535 | 72.5126448007 | 0.3223798115 | 3.1019312141 | 1990 | 5146 | 1027597 | 500.7799750291 | 2.2263889889 | ||
| 1991 | 338479 | 145107443 | 233.2609499569 | 1991 | 372518 | 20253975 | 1839.2340269009 | 1991 | 7.884877547 | 1991 | 2632 | 3187553 | 82.5711760714 | 0.3539862805 | 2.8249682402 | 1991 | 6185 | 1168729 | 529.2073697153 | 2.268735379 | ||
| 1992 | 357333 | 145817910 | 245.0542597957 | 1992 | 398923 | 20578380 | 1938.5539580861 | 1992 | 7.9107131608 | 1992 | 3129 | 3353876 | 93.2950413194 | 0.3807117713 | 2.6266589985 | 1992 | 6415 | 1188051 | 539.9599848828 | 2.2034303151 | ||
| 1993 | 375298 | 146508728 | 256.1608479735 | 1993 | 426401 | 20878210 | 2042.3254675569 | 1993 | 7.9728244332 | 1993 | 4294 | 5430370 | 79.073801601 | 0.308688085 | 3.2395160317 | 1993 | 6990 | 1160962 | 602.0868900102 | 2.3504251129 | ||
| 1994 | 405764 | 147083880 | 275.8725157373 | 1994 | 468224 | 21166233 | 2212.1272122441 | 1994 | 8.0186574815 | 1994 | 4683 | 5724286 | 81.8093295828 | 0.2965475896 | 3.3721400376 | 1994 | 7898 | 1186655 | 665.5683412618 | 2.4125938732 | ||
| 1995 | 394760 | 147744493 | 267.1910079247 | 1995 | 506950 | 21478422 | 2360.2758154207 | 1995 | 8.8336648518 | 1995 | 5025 | 6020441 | 83.4656464535 | 0.3123819439 | 3.2012093511 | 1995 | 8700 | 1219202 | 713.581506592 | 2.6706793471 | ||
| 1996 | 416423 | 147473998 | 282.3704555701 | 1996 | 525226 | 21793769 | 2409.982412863 | 1996 | 8.5348249625 | 1996 | 5899 | 6174051 | 95.5450481378 | 0.3383677232 | 2.9553646272 | 1996 | 9740 | 1234213 | 789.1668617978 | 2.7947926075 | ||
| 1997 | 439974 | 149115648 | 295.0555531234 | 1997 | 546668 | 22154143 | 2467.5655474464 | 1997 | 8.3630540802 | 1997 | 6574 | 6412520 | 102.5181987736 | 0.3474538869 | 2.878079762 | 1997 | 10556 | 1258130 | 839.0229944441 | 2.8436102475 | ||
| 1998 | 462119 | 149925803 | 308.2317991654 | 1998 | 568259 | 22527992 | 2522.4573943386 | 1998 | 8.1836377725 | 1998 | 6930 | 6635473 | 104.4386737765 | 0.3388316003 | 2.9513185875 | 1998 | 11395 | 1279156 | 890.8217605984 | 2.890103367 |
New Sent data
| White | White | Black | Black | ||||||
| Year | sum(freq_ncrp_NEW~T) | sum(adultpop) | Rate | Year | sum(freq_ncrp_NEW~T) | sum(adultpop) | Rate | Year | Disparity |
| 1981 | |||||||||
| 1982 | |||||||||
| 1983 | 48784 | 121098758.1328 | 40.2844758709 | 1983 | 44250 | 16017353.13843 | 276.2628732573 | 1983 | 6.8577998667 |
| 1984 | 52763 | 121617376.8125 | 43.3844253041 | 1984 | 47910 | 16230322.34216 | 295.1882223285 | 1984 | 6.8040136583 |
| 1985 | 57594 | 122150459.3594 | 47.1500478197 | 1985 | 54359 | 16434204.80371 | 330.7674490446 | 1985 | 7.0152091957 |
| 1986 | 54796 | 122672614.9375 | 44.6684861392 | 1986 | 53341 | 16652866.88367 | 320.3112135143 | 1986 | 7.1708544703 |
| 1987 | 59926 | 123190109.8672 | 48.6451388546 | 1987 | 62877 | 16876964.77472 | 372.5610667517 | 1987 | 7.658752252 |
| 1988 | 76875 | 123591246.9141 | 62.2010068831 | 1988 | 95917 | 17069849.63239 | 561.9088748034 | 1988 | 9.0337585026 |
| 1989 | 80622 | 124003293.5234 | 65.0160150664 | 1989 | 111259 | 17244613.50641 | 645.1811747398 | 1989 | 9.9234192388 |
| 1990 | 86226 | 125362431 | 68.7813719886 | 1990 | 122762 | 17647546 | 695.632129249 | 1990 | 10.1136704479 |
| 1991 | 78943 | 125926011 | 62.6899870591 | 1991 | 111359 | 17937033 | 620.8328880256 | 1991 | 9.9032224626 |
| 1992 | 81386 | 126491587 | 64.3410379538 | 1992 | 116179 | 18234525 | 637.1375179776 | 1992 | 9.9025060559 |
| 1993 | 81022 | 127016068 | 63.7887798574 | 1993 | 112089 | 18510000 | 605.5591572123 | 1993 | 9.493192354 |
| 1994 | 78851 | 127413332 | 61.8859885086 | 1994 | 107383 | 18779224 | 571.818090034 | 1994 | 9.239863559 |
| 1995 | 88614 | 127903713 | 69.2818041959 | 1995 | 118088 | 19070779 | 619.209105197 | 1995 | 8.9375430156 |
| 1996 | 83949 | 128415381 | 65.3730101069 | 1996 | 106571 | 19363962 | 550.3574113603 | 1996 | 8.4187252577 |
| 1997 | 82584 | 129011194 | 64.0130499064 | 1997 | 102888 | 19691092 | 522.5103818519 | 1997 | 8.1625603313 |
| 1998 | 87344 | 129722012 | 67.331672284 | 1998 | 107423 | 20031920 | 536.2591304278 | 1998 | 7.9644409865 |
| 1999 | 89334 | 130399952 | 68.5076939292 | 1999 | 112807 | 20362331 | 553.9984592137 | 1999 | 8.0866604529 |
PPRev data
| WHITE | WHITE | Black | Black | popcks | ||||||||
| Year | sum(freq_ncrp_PP_~T) | sum(adultpop) | rate | Year | sum(freq_ncrp_PP_~T) | sum(adultpop) | rate | Year | Disparity | W | B | |
| 1981 | ||||||||||||
| 1982 | ||||||||||||
| 1983 | 12667 | 121098758.1328 | 10.4600577209 | 1983 | 12653 | 16017353.13843 | 78.9955736797 | 1983 | 7.5521164211 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1984 | 19493 | 121617376.8125 | 16.028137188 | 1984 | 21433 | 16230322.34216 | 132.0552947019 | 1984 | 8.2389670835 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1985 | 19689 | 122150459.3594 | 16.1186458923 | 1985 | 22858 | 16434204.80371 | 139.0879587605 | 1985 | 8.6290101346 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1986 | 21094 | 122672614.9375 | 17.1953618261 | 1986 | 25581 | 16652866.88367 | 153.613189721 | 1986 | 8.9334083967 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1987 | 25341 | 123190109.8672 | 20.5706448572 | 1987 | 29488 | 16876964.77472 | 174.7233604716 | 1987 | 8.4938202805 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1988 | 28984 | 123591246.9141 | 23.4514989724 | 1988 | 37130 | 17069849.63239 | 217.5180262253 | 1988 | 9.2752291221 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1989 | 25092 | 124003293.5234 | 20.2349464172 | 1989 | 34970 | 17244613.50641 | 202.7879603506 | 1989 | 10.0216702417 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1990 | 34300 | 125362431 | 27.3606691625 | 1990 | 48836 | 17647546 | 276.7296937489 | 1990 | 10.1141420228 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1991 | 35981 | 125926011 | 28.5731277552 | 1991 | 52066 | 17937033 | 290.2709717934 | 1991 | 10.1588798497 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1992 | 41832 | 126491587 | 33.0709741194 | 1992 | 63046 | 18234525 | 345.750711905 | 1992 | 10.4548088199 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1993 | 40132 | 127016068 | 31.5960024837 | 1993 | 65988 | 18510000 | 356.4991896272 | 1993 | 11.2830472719 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1994 | 38595 | 127413332 | 30.2911786343 | 1994 | 63678 | 18779224 | 339.0874937111 | 1994 | 11.1942654264 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1995 | 40008 | 127903713 | 31.2797799701 | 1995 | 63385 | 19070779 | 332.3671256428 | 1995 | 10.6256222378 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1996 | 39312 | 128415381 | 30.6131552886 | 1996 | 59721 | 19363962 | 308.4131233061 | 1996 | 10.0745290839 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1997 | 38802 | 129011194 | 30.0764598768 | 1997 | 54933 | 19691092 | 278.9738629021 | 1997 | 9.2754886727 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1998 | 45025 | 129722012 | 34.7088356909 | 1998 | 63139 | 20031920 | 315.191953642 | 1998 | 9.0810292932 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1999 | 41955 | 130399952 | 32.1740915978 | 1999 | 60116 | 20362331 | 295.2314251251 | 1999 | 9.176060938 | 0 | 0 |
CPUS if NCRP data
| census, if ncrp | |||||||||||
| white | black | ||||||||||
| Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | ck | rate | Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | ck | rate | Year | Disparity |
| 1983 | 171756 | 121098758.1328 | 0 | 141.8313471156 | 1983 | 161614 | 16017353.13843 | 0 | 1008.9931751098 | 1983 | 7.1140350538 |
| 1984 | 181468 | 121617376.8125 | 0 | 149.2122299922 | 1984 | 169306 | 16230322.34216 | 0 | 1043.1462569305 | 1984 | 6.9910238389 |
| 1985 | 196543 | 122150459.3594 | 0 | 160.9023830371 | 1985 | 181478 | 16434204.80371 | 0 | 1104.2700402458 | 1985 | 6.8629812648 |
| 1986 | 203406 | 122672614.9375 | 0 | 165.8120682466 | 1986 | 198544 | 16652866.88367 | 0 | 1192.2511684441 | 1986 | 7.1903763161 |
| 1987 | 214021 | 123190109.8672 | 0 | 173.732290872 | 1987 | 211057 | 16876964.77472 | 0 | 1250.5625437824 | 1987 | 7.1982159304 |
| 1988 | 227858 | 123591246.9141 | 0 | 184.364188961 | 1988 | 233206 | 17069849.63239 | 0 | 1366.1866098544 | 1988 | 7.4102601896 |
| 1989 | 253776 | 124003293.5234 | 0 | 204.6526288047 | 1989 | 270333 | 17244613.50641 | 0 | 1567.6373373025 | 1989 | 7.6599912078 |
| 1990 | 271855 | 125362431 | 0 | 216.8552395095 | 1990 | 297148 | 17647546 | 0 | 1683.7921827771 | 1990 | 7.7645907315 |
| 1991 | 283240 | 125926011 | 0 | 224.9257303958 | 1991 | 319359 | 17937033 | 0 | 1780.4449598771 | 1991 | 7.9157015818 |
| 1992 | 300202 | 126491587 | 0 | 237.3296178188 | 1992 | 341819 | 18234525 | 0 | 1874.5703548625 | 1992 | 7.8985942509 |
| 1993 | 314322 | 127016068 | 0 | 247.4663284333 | 1993 | 365742 | 18510000 | 0 | 1975.9157212318 | 1993 | 7.9845841402 |
| 1994 | 341989 | 127413332 | 0 | 268.4091175011 | 1994 | 404185 | 18779224 | 0 | 2152.2987318326 | 1994 | 8.0187243707 |
| 1995 | 325766 | 127903713 | 0 | 254.6962807874 | 1995 | 441128 | 19070779 | 0 | 2313.1094959466 | 1995 | 9.0818346024 |
| 1996 | 342773 | 127491992 | -923389 | 268.8584550471 | 1996 | 457277 | 19360137 | -3825 | 2361.9512609854 | 1996 | 8.7851105913 |
| 1997 | 361847 | 129011194 | 0 | 280.4772119232 | 1997 | 474236 | 19691092 | 0 | 2408.3783672333 | 1997 | 8.5867167273 |
| 1998 | 379763 | 129722012 | 0 | 292.7513951911 | 1998 | 492199 | 20031920 | 0 | 2457.073510677 | 1998 | 8.3930377482 |
Pamela E. Oliver:
Maine
Offense Data
| Numbers | Numbers | Numbers | ||||||||||||
| Whites | offense | Blacks | offense | |||||||||||
| Pop | Year | V | P | L | D | O | Pop | Year | V | P | L | D | O | |
| 121098758.1328 | 1983 | 8946 | 15933 | 8400 | 4241 | 11264 | 16017353.13843 | 1983 | 8176 | 15872 | 7687 | 2710 | 9805 | |
| 121617376.8125 | 1984 | 11251 | 17039 | 9511 | 6182 | 8780 | 16230322.34216 | 1984 | 10027 | 19021 | 8541 | 4622 | 5699 | |
| 122150459.3594 | 1985 | 13196 | 18086 | 10225 | 6814 | 9273 | 16434204.80371 | 1985 | 11430 | 21006 | 9315 | 6292 | 6316 | |
| 122672614.9375 | 1986 | 12015 | 16239 | 9543 | 7609 | 9390 | 16652866.88367 | 1986 | 10990 | 19931 | 8793 | 7412 | 6215 | |
| 123190109.8672 | 1987 | 12650 | 15692 | 9915 | 8897 | 12772 | 16876964.77472 | 1987 | 11467 | 19399 | 9653 | 11118 | 11240 | |
| 123591246.9141 | 1988 | 16022 | 20337 | 13074 | 13516 | 13926 | 17069849.63239 | 1988 | 15643 | 28347 | 13668 | 25696 | 12563 | |
| 124003293.5234 | 1989 | 16089 | 20554 | 13888 | 16355 | 13736 | 17244613.50641 | 1989 | 16450 | 29252 | 14486 | 39723 | 11348 | |
| 125362431 | 1990 | 17481 | 20020 | 14011 | 17222 | 17492 | 17647546 | 1990 | 18394 | 29436 | 14590 | 47164 | 13178 | |
| 125926011 | 1991 | 16272 | 17476 | 12618 | 13255 | 19322 | 17937033 | 1991 | 18264 | 26544 | 12973 | 39278 | 14300 | |
| 126491587 | 1992 | 18589 | 19425 | 13507 | 14837 | 15028 | 18234525 | 1992 | 19337 | 28336 | 13809 | 42618 | 12079 | |
| 127016068 | 1993 | 19067 | 18782 | 13358 | 14468 | 15347 | 18510000 | 1993 | 19279 | 27342 | 13154 | 40028 | 12286 | |
| 127413332 | 1994 | 18660 | 17857 | 12878 | 13988 | 15468 | 18779224 | 1994 | 19074 | 24534 | 12234 | 39762 | 11779 | |
| 127903713 | 1995 | 20570 | 18938 | 14675 | 16609 | 17822 | 19070779 | 1995 | 20898 | 25295 | 13958 | 44601 | 13336 | |
| 128415381 | 1996 | 19905 | 17915 | 13132 | 15585 | 17412 | 19363962 | 1996 | 19055 | 23407 | 12353 | 39413 | 12343 | |
| 129011194 | 1997 | 19260 | 17172 | 12285 | 16158 | 17709 | 19691092 | 1997 | 18737 | 22482 | 11326 | 37706 | 12637 | |
| 129722012 | 1998 | 21683 | 18113 | 12431 | 17101 | 18016 | 20031920 | 1998 | 20224 | 22849 | 11313 | 40504 | 12533 | |
| 130399952 | 1999 | 21726 | 18449 | 12569 | 17997 | 18593 | 20362331 | 1999 | 21348 | 23374 | 11723 | 43335 | 13027 | Numbers |
| Numbers | Numbers | |||||||||||||
| Rates | Rates | Rates | Rates | Rates | ||||||||||
| Whites | offense | Blacks | offense | |||||||||||
| Pop | Year | V | P | L | D | O | Pop | Year | V | P | L | D | O | |
| 1983 | 7.3873589935 | 13.1570300519 | 6.9364873179 | 3.5021003232 | 9.3014991844 | 1983 | 51.0446384577 | 99.0925271037 | 47.9916995871 | 16.919149978 | 61.2148581308 | |||
| 1984 | 9.2511451035 | 14.0103334298 | 7.8204285023 | 5.0831551889 | 7.2193630796 | 1984 | 61.7794261175 | 117.1942220186 | 52.6237237927 | 28.4775613359 | 35.1132890639 | |||
| 1985 | 10.803070303 | 14.8063299105 | 8.3708240261 | 5.5783662507 | 7.5914573295 | 1985 | 69.5500642503 | 127.8187794962 | 56.6805641725 | 38.2860021227 | 38.432039003 | |||
| 1986 | 9.7943620148 | 13.2376733049 | 7.7792423393 | 6.2026883538 | 7.6545201264 | 1986 | 65.9946427049 | 119.6850977026 | 52.801719136 | 44.5088527506 | 37.3209012203 | |||
| 1987 | 10.2686814823 | 12.738035559 | 8.0485357231 | 7.2221706837 | 10.3677154065 | 1987 | 67.9446817189 | 114.9436540216 | 57.1963035347 | 65.8767743395 | 66.5996531369 | |||
| 1988 | 12.9637012329 | 16.4550488063 | 10.5784190438 | 10.9360495484 | 11.2677882518 | 1988 | 91.6411118837 | 166.0647317374 | 80.0710041058 | 150.534425044 | 73.5976020325 | |||
| 1989 | 12.9746553844 | 16.5753661987 | 11.1997025284 | 13.1891658159 | 11.0771251389 | 1989 | 95.3921060271 | 169.6297802739 | 84.0030424261 | 230.3501901346 | 65.8060558782 | |||
| 1990 | 13.9443690271 | 15.9696966949 | 11.176394625 | 13.7377680559 | 13.9531435857 | 1990 | 104.2297892296 | 166.7993952247 | 82.6743843025 | 267.255288639 | 74.6732718532 | |||
| 1991 | 12.9218736231 | 13.8779906242 | 10.0201697011 | 10.5260223005 | 15.3439308103 | 1991 | 101.8228600014 | 147.984340554 | 72.3252279237 | 218.9771296067 | 79.7233299398 | |||
| 1992 | 14.6958390205 | 15.3567525404 | 10.678180518 | 11.7296338451 | 11.8806320297 | 1992 | 106.0460856535 | 155.3975220084 | 75.7299682882 | 233.7214706717 | 66.2424713558 | |||
| 1993 | 15.0114865782 | 14.787105518 | 10.5167796566 | 11.3906848384 | 12.0827232662 | 1993 | 104.1545110751 | 147.7147487844 | 71.0642895732 | 216.2506753106 | 66.3749324689 | |||
| 1994 | 14.6452492114 | 14.0150168901 | 10.1072625587 | 10.978442978 | 12.1400168704 | 1994 | 101.5696921236 | 130.6443759337 | 65.1464618559 | 211.7339885823 | 62.7235715384 | |||
| 1995 | 16.0824103676 | 14.8064505367 | 11.4734745816 | 12.9855495282 | 13.9339191818 | 1995 | 109.5812604194 | 132.637476424 | 73.1905078445 | 233.8708869732 | 69.9289735359 | |||
| 1996 | 15.5004796505 | 13.9508210469 | 10.2261893379 | 12.1363966517 | 13.55912342 | 1996 | 98.4044484285 | 120.8791878439 | 63.7937628673 | 203.5378916773 | 63.7421205433 | |||
| 1997 | 14.9289370967 | 13.3104728881 | 9.5224295033 | 12.5244945799 | 13.7267158383 | 1997 | 95.1547024411 | 114.1734546769 | 57.5183946121 | 191.4876026175 | 64.1762275043 | |||
| 1998 | 16.7149735544 | 13.9629348333 | 9.5827992554 | 13.1828050894 | 13.8881595515 | 1998 | 100.958869644 | 114.062955523 | 56.4748661137 | 202.1972931202 | 62.5651460269 | |||
| 1999 | 16.6610490777 | 14.1480113428 | 9.638807229 | 13.8013854484 | 14.2584408313 | 1999 | 104.8406491379 | 114.790394086 | 57.5719940905 | 212.819445868 | 63.9759760314 | |||
| Rates | Rates | Rates | ||||||||||||
| B/W Disparities | ||||||||||||||
| Year | Violent | Rob/Burg | Theft | Drug | Other | |||||||||
| 1983 | 6.9 | 7.5 | 6.9 | 4.8 | 6.6 | |||||||||
| 1984 | 6.7 | 8.4 | 6.7 | 5.6 | 4.9 | |||||||||
| 1985 | 6.4 | 8.6 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 5.1 | |||||||||
| 1986 | 6.7 | 9.0 | 6.8 | 7.2 | 4.9 | |||||||||
| 1987 | 6.6 | 9.0 | 7.1 | 9.1 | 6.4 | |||||||||
| 1988 | 7.1 | 10.1 | 7.6 | 13.8 | 6.5 | |||||||||
| 1989 | 7.4 | 10.2 | 7.5 | 17.5 | 5.9 | |||||||||
| 1990 | 7.5 | 10.4 | 7.4 | 19.5 | 5.4 | |||||||||
| 1991 | 7.9 | 10.7 | 7.2 | 20.8 | 5.2 | |||||||||
| 1992 | 7.2 | 10.1 | 7.1 | 19.9 | 5.6 | |||||||||
| 1993 | 6.9 | 10.0 | 6.8 | 19.0 | 5.5 | |||||||||
| 1994 | 6.9 | 9.3 | 6.4 | 19.3 | 5.2 | |||||||||
| 1995 | 6.8 | 9.0 | 6.4 | 18.0 | 5.0 | |||||||||
| 1996 | 6.3 | 8.7 | 6.2 | 16.8 | 4.7 | |||||||||
| 1997 | 6.4 | 8.6 | 6.0 | 15.3 | 4.7 | |||||||||
| 1998 | 6.0 | 8.2 | 5.9 | 15.3 | 4.5 | |||||||||
| 1999 | 6.3 | 8.1 | 6.0 | 15.4 | 4.5 | |||||||||
| max-min | 1.8 | 3.1 | 1.7 | 16.0 | 2.1 |
AdmTyp B
| 1983 | 276.2628732573 | 78.9955736797 | 7.2920912082 |
| 1984 | 295.1882223285 | 132.0552947019 | 20.4370555931 |
| 1985 | 330.7674490446 | 139.0879587605 | 28.2094573809 |
| 1986 | 320.3112135143 | 153.613189721 | 44.106519624 |
| 1987 | 372.5610667517 | 174.7233604716 | 73.6980859179 |
| 1988 | 561.9088748034 | 217.5180262253 | 112.1275255037 |
| 1989 | 645.1811747398 | 202.7879603506 | 123.267477071 |
| 1990 | 695.632129249 | 276.7296937489 | 116.7697763757 |
| 1991 | 620.8328880256 | 290.2709717934 | 119.1612904988 |
| 1992 | 637.1375179776 | 345.750711905 | 108.1245604149 |
| 1993 | 605.5591572123 | 356.4991896272 | 106.3965424095 |
| 1994 | 571.818090034 | 339.0874937111 | 127.8221080914 |
| 1995 | 619.209105197 | 332.3671256428 | 132.1707938622 |
| 1996 | 550.3574113603 | 308.4131233061 | 132.1681998756 |
| 1997 | 522.5103818519 | 278.9738629021 | 134.0656983371 |
| 1998 | 536.2591304278 | 315.191953642 | 146.7457937132 |
| 1999 | 553.9984592137 | 295.2314251251 | 130.6039077746 |
B Tot
B New
B PP
B Oth
Black Prison Admission Rates per 100,000
362.5505381452
447.6805726234
498.0648651861
518.0309228593
620.9825131411
891.5544265324
971.2366121615
1089.1315993737
1030.2651503178
1091.0127902975
1068.454889249
1038.7276918365
1083.747024702
990.938734542
935.549943091
998.1968777831
979.8337921135
AdmTyp
| 1983 | 276.2628732573 | 78.9955736797 | 7.2920912082 | 52.5348079377 | 40.2844758709 | 10.4600577209 | 1.7902743459 |
| 1984 | 295.1882223285 | 132.0552947019 | 20.4370555931 | 62.9523527037 | 43.3844253041 | 16.028137188 | 3.5397902116 |
| 1985 | 330.7674490446 | 139.0879587605 | 28.2094573809 | 68.453283302 | 47.1500478197 | 16.1186458923 | 5.1845895899 |
| 1986 | 320.3112135143 | 153.613189721 | 44.106519624 | 67.9817578214 | 44.6684861392 | 17.1953618261 | 6.1179098561 |
| 1987 | 372.5610667517 | 174.7233604716 | 73.6980859179 | 77.8301116083 | 48.6451388546 | 20.5706448572 | 8.6143278965 |
| 1988 | 561.9088748034 | 217.5180262253 | 112.1275255037 | 97.3628820847 | 62.2010068831 | 23.4514989724 | 11.7103762292 |
| 1989 | 645.1811747398 | 202.7879603506 | 123.267477071 | 96.8853298863 | 65.0160150664 | 20.2349464172 | 11.6343684027 |
| 1990 | 695.632129249 | 276.7296937489 | 116.7697763757 | 107.0663666374 | 68.7813719886 | 27.3606691625 | 10.9243254863 |
| 1991 | 620.8328880256 | 290.2709717934 | 119.1612904988 | 101.9352546632 | 62.6899870591 | 28.5731277552 | 10.6721398489 |
| 1992 | 637.1375179776 | 345.750711905 | 108.1245604149 | 107.8696245625 | 64.3410379538 | 33.0709741194 | 10.4576124893 |
| 1993 | 605.5591572123 | 356.4991896272 | 106.3965424095 | 106.0905144694 | 63.7887798574 | 31.5960024837 | 10.7057321283 |
| 1994 | 571.818090034 | 339.0874937111 | 127.8221080914 | 106.9746767159 | 61.8859885086 | 30.2911786343 | 14.797509573 |
| 1995 | 619.209105197 | 332.3671256428 | 132.1707938622 | 117.2905746685 | 69.2818041959 | 31.2797799701 | 16.7289905024 |
| 1996 | 550.3574113603 | 308.4131233061 | 132.1681998756 | 114.1327455159 | 65.3730101069 | 30.6131552886 | 18.1465801203 |
| 1997 | 522.5103818519 | 278.9738629021 | 134.0656983371 | 114.3024844805 | 64.0130499064 | 30.0764598768 | 20.2129746974 |
| 1998 | 536.2591304278 | 315.191953642 | 146.7457937132 | 124.5255122932 | 67.331672284 | 34.7088356909 | 22.4850043183 |
| 1999 | 553.9984592137 | 295.2314251251 | 130.6039077746 | 122.5468242504 | 68.5076939292 | 32.1740915978 | 21.8650387233 |
B Tot
B New
B PP
B Oth
W Tot
W New
W PP
W Oth
Prison Admission Rates per 100,000
362.5505381452
447.6805726234
498.0648651861
518.0309228593
620.9825131411
891.5544265324
971.2366121615
1089.1315993737
1030.2651503178
1091.0127902975
1068.454889249
1038.7276918365
1083.747024702
990.938734542
935.549943091
998.1968777831
979.8337921135
AdmTyp (2)
| 1983 | 276.2628732573 | 78.9955736797 | 7.2920912082 | 52.5348079377 | 40.2844758709 | 10.4600577209 | 1.7902743459 |
| 1984 | 295.1882223285 | 132.0552947019 | 20.4370555931 | 62.9523527037 | 43.3844253041 | 16.028137188 | 3.5397902116 |
| 1985 | 330.7674490446 | 139.0879587605 | 28.2094573809 | 68.453283302 | 47.1500478197 | 16.1186458923 | 5.1845895899 |
| 1986 | 320.3112135143 | 153.613189721 | 44.106519624 | 67.9817578214 | 44.6684861392 | 17.1953618261 | 6.1179098561 |
| 1987 | 372.5610667517 | 174.7233604716 | 73.6980859179 | 77.8301116083 | 48.6451388546 | 20.5706448572 | 8.6143278965 |
| 1988 | 561.9088748034 | 217.5180262253 | 112.1275255037 | 97.3628820847 | 62.2010068831 | 23.4514989724 | 11.7103762292 |
| 1989 | 645.1811747398 | 202.7879603506 | 123.267477071 | 96.8853298863 | 65.0160150664 | 20.2349464172 | 11.6343684027 |
| 1990 | 695.632129249 | 276.7296937489 | 116.7697763757 | 107.0663666374 | 68.7813719886 | 27.3606691625 | 10.9243254863 |
| 1991 | 620.8328880256 | 290.2709717934 | 119.1612904988 | 101.9352546632 | 62.6899870591 | 28.5731277552 | 10.6721398489 |
| 1992 | 637.1375179776 | 345.750711905 | 108.1245604149 | 107.8696245625 | 64.3410379538 | 33.0709741194 | 10.4576124893 |
| 1993 | 605.5591572123 | 356.4991896272 | 106.3965424095 | 106.0905144694 | 63.7887798574 | 31.5960024837 | 10.7057321283 |
| 1994 | 571.818090034 | 339.0874937111 | 127.8221080914 | 106.9746767159 | 61.8859885086 | 30.2911786343 | 14.797509573 |
| 1995 | 619.209105197 | 332.3671256428 | 132.1707938622 | 117.2905746685 | 69.2818041959 | 31.2797799701 | 16.7289905024 |
| 1996 | 550.3574113603 | 308.4131233061 | 132.1681998756 | 114.1327455159 | 65.3730101069 | 30.6131552886 | 18.1465801203 |
| 1997 | 522.5103818519 | 278.9738629021 | 134.0656983371 | 114.3024844805 | 64.0130499064 | 30.0764598768 | 20.2129746974 |
| 1998 | 536.2591304278 | 315.191953642 | 146.7457937132 | 124.5255122932 | 67.331672284 | 34.7088356909 | 22.4850043183 |
| 1999 | 553.9984592137 | 295.2314251251 | 130.6039077746 | 122.5468242504 | 68.5076939292 | 32.1740915978 | 21.8650387233 |
B Tot
B New
B PP
B Oth
W Tot
W New
W PP
W Oth
Black & White Prison Admission Rates per 100,000: Different Scales
362.5505381452
447.6805726234
498.0648651861
518.0309228593
620.9825131411
891.5544265324
971.2366121615
1089.1315993737
1030.2651503178
1091.0127902975
1068.454889249
1038.7276918365
1083.747024702
990.938734542
935.549943091
998.1968777831
979.8337921135
OthAdm
| Rates of Admits that are not new sentence or PP | ||
| Calculated by subtraction from other pages | ||
| White | Black | |
| 1983 | 1.7902743459 | 7.2920912082 |
| 1984 | 3.5397902116 | 20.4370555931 |
| 1985 | 5.1845895899 | 28.2094573809 |
| 1986 | 6.1179098561 | 44.106519624 |
| 1987 | 8.6143278965 | 73.6980859179 |
| 1988 | 11.7103762292 | 112.1275255037 |
| 1989 | 11.6343684027 | 123.267477071 |
| 1990 | 10.9243254863 | 116.7697763757 |
| 1991 | 10.6721398489 | 119.1612904988 |
| 1992 | 10.4576124893 | 108.1245604149 |
| 1993 | 10.7057321283 | 106.3965424095 |
| 1994 | 14.797509573 | 127.8221080914 |
| 1995 | 16.7289905024 | 132.1707938622 |
| 1996 | 18.1465801203 | 132.1681998756 |
| 1997 | 20.2129746974 | 134.0656983371 |
| 1998 | 22.4850043183 | 146.7457937132 |
| 1999 | 21.8650387233 | 130.6039077746 |
Total Admits Data
| Total Admits, all reasons | Black | Hispanic | AmInd | Asian | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Year | 1 | WhiteNH | White pop | Rate | BlackNH | Black Pop | Rate | AmIndNH | AsianNH | Hisp Pop | Hispanic | Rate | BWDisp | HWDisp | Iwdisp | AsWDisp | W/Asian | ||||||||||
| 1978 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1979 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1980 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | AmerInd | Asian | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 1981 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Year sum(freq_n~T) | Admits | Pop | rate | Year | sum(freq_n~T) | sum(adultpop) | rate | ||||||||||||||
| 1982 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1983 | 63619 | 121098758.1328 | 52.5348079377 | 58071 | 16017353.13843 | 362.5505381452 | 1081 | 65 | 9578986 | 9911 | 103.4660662412 | 6.9011490168 | 1.9694764348 | 3.7521879421 | 0.0401412748 | 24.9120140063 | 1983 | 1081 | 548395.6 | 197.1204728849 | 1983 | 65 | 3082301 | 2.1088141619 | |||
| 1984 | 76561 | 121617376.8125 | 62.9523527037 | 72660 | 16230322.34216 | 447.6805726234 | 965 | 238 | 10042870 | 14087 | 140.2686682193 | 7.1114192464 | 2.2281719776 | 2.7015285422 | 0.1145542077 | 8.729491657 | 1984 | 965 | 567421.5 | 170.0675776297 | 1984 | 238 | 3300304 | 7.211456884 | |||
| 1985 | 83616 | 122150459.3594 | 68.453283302 | 81853 | 16434204.80371 | 498.0648651861 | 1086 | 318 | 10516521 | 26301 | 250.0922120538 | 7.2759821174 | 3.6534728502 | 2.705545009 | 0.1316643855 | 7.5950682971 | 1985 | 1086 | 586382.2 | 185.2034389857 | 1985 | 318 | 3528292 | 9.0128594799 | |||
| 1986 | 83395 | 122672614.9375 | 67.9817578214 | 86267 | 16652866.88367 | 518.0309228593 | 1211 | 454 | 11016363 | 32990 | 299.4636251547 | 7.620146043 | 4.4050585738 | 2.948726591 | 0.1773139962 | 5.6397127226 | 1986 | 1211 | 604111.7 | 200.459616988 | 1986 | 454 | 3766348 | 12.0541171448 | |||
| 1987 | 95879 | 123190109.8672 | 77.8301116083 | 104803 | 16876964.77472 | 620.9825131411 | 1253 | 448 | 11507643 | 38051 | 330.6585023536 | 7.9786923121 | 4.2484649645 | 2.5840543176 | 0.1438617406 | 6.9511184536 | 1987 | 1253 | 623019.7 | 201.1172359397 | 1987 | 448 | 4001152 | 11.1967753287 | |||
| 1988 | 120332 | 123591246.9141 | 97.3628820847 | 152187 | 17069849.63239 | 891.5544265324 | 1373 | 469 | 12011871 | 45752 | 380.8898713614 | 9.1570258341 | 3.9120644665 | 2.1974716697 | 0.113597321 | 8.8030245023 | 1988 | 1373 | 641732.2 | 213.9521750662 | 1988 | 469 | 4240444 | 11.0601625679 | |||
| 1989 | 120141 | 124003293.5234 | 96.8853298863 | 167486 | 17244613.50641 | 971.2366121615 | 1622 | 698 | 12495988 | 51235 | 410.0115973223 | 10.0245993207 | 4.2319265239 | 2.5397912891 | 0.1600404006 | 6.2484222491 | 1989 | 1622 | 659166 | 246.0685168835 | 1989 | 698 | 4501609 | 15.5055670095 | |||
| 1990 | 134221 | 125362431 | 107.0663666374 | 192205 | 17647546 | 1089.1315993737 | 1845 | 806 | 13349695 | 59834 | 448.2049964437 | 10.1724905176 | 4.1862352345 | 2.5286437153 | 0.1563797094 | 6.3946915096 | 1990 | 1845 | 681484 | 270.7326951183 | 1990 | 806 | 4813950 | 16.7430073017 | |||
| 1991 | 128363 | 125926011 | 101.9352546632 | 184799 | 17937033 | 1030.2651503178 | 2228 | 840 | 13809406 | 53727 | 389.0609052989 | 10.1070542642 | 3.8167453114 | 3.149624929 | 0.162984871 | 6.1355387999 | 1991 | 2228 | 693956 | 321.0578192277 | 1991 | 840 | 5056006 | 16.6139043348 | |||
| 1992 | 136446 | 126491587 | 107.8696245625 | 198941 | 18234525 | 1091.0127902975 | 2365 | 1214 | 14274655 | 64060 | 448.767413293 | 10.114179916 | 4.1602760287 | 3.1072916844 | 0.2115890572 | 4.7261423304 | 1992 | 2365 | 705586 | 335.1823874056 | 1992 | 1214 | 5318955 | 22.8240321642 | |||
| 1993 | 134752 | 127016068 | 106.0905144694 | 197771 | 18510000 | 1068.454889249 | 2399 | 1382 | 14787359 | 60435 | 408.6936686936 | 10.0711632382 | 3.8523111207 | 3.1547576048 | 0.2337477461 | 4.2781161168 | 1993 | 2399 | 716783 | 334.6898573208 | 1993 | 1382 | 5572936 | 24.7984186432 | |||
| 1994 | 136300 | 127413332 | 106.9746767159 | 195065 | 18779224 | 1038.7276918365 | 2692 | 1540 | 15295695 | 62624 | 409.4223897639 | 9.7100334745 | 3.827283263 | 3.4616055918 | 0.2485793369 | 4.0228605177 | 1994 | 2692 | 726970 | 370.3041390979 | 1994 | 1540 | 5791282 | 26.5916942052 | |||
| 1995 | 150019 | 127903713 | 117.2905746685 | 206679 | 19070779 | 1083.747024702 | 2870 | 1448 | 15827842 | 71819 | 453.7510546289 | 9.2398475135 | 3.8686062875 | 3.3144569734 | 0.2052021388 | 4.8732435535 | 1995 | 2870 | 738255 | 388.7545631252 | 1995 | 1448 | 6016218 | 24.0682767812 | |||
| 1996 | 146564 | 128415381 | 114.1327455159 | 191885 | 19363962 | 990.938734542 | 3017 | 1657 | 16401252 | 65979 | 402.2802649456 | 8.6823350307 | 3.5246700071 | 3.5277069845 | 0.2325121932 | 4.3008497158 | 1996 | 3017 | 749329 | 402.6268835185 | 1996 | 1657 | 6244052 | 26.5372549748 | |||
| 1997 | 147463 | 129011194 | 114.3024844805 | 184220 | 19691092 | 935.549943091 | 3034 | 1961 | 17042615 | 64554 | 378.7798996809 | 8.1848609621 | 3.3138378523 | 3.4838059167 | 0.2643532502 | 3.7828171173 | 1997 | 3034 | 761914 | 398.207671732 | 1997 | 1961 | 6489889 | 30.2162332823 | |||
| 1998 | 161537 | 129722012 | 124.5255122932 | 199958 | 20031920 | 998.1968777831 | 3278 | 2657 | 17698537 | 63605 | 359.3799871707 | 8.0160029812 | 2.88599485 | 3.3935263208 | 0.3173557702 | 3.1510377117 | 1998 | 3278 | 775710 | 422.5806035761 | 1998 | 2657 | 6723367 | 39.5188898657 | |||
| 1999 | 159801 | 130399952 | 122.5468242504 | 199517 | 20362331 | 979.8337921135 | 3189 | 2473 | 18386072 | 59482 | 323.5166271512 | 7.9955869775 | 2.6399429698 | 3.2964294304 | 0.2899912903 | 3.4483794284 | 1999 | 3189 | 789421 | 403.9669580617 | 1999 | 2473 | 6958844 | 35.5375116902 | |||
| Populations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Year | 1. WhiteNH | 2. BlackNH | 3 | AmIndNH | 4 | AsianNH | Hispanic | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 1983 | 121098758 | 16017353 | 548396 | 3082301 | 9578986 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1984 | 121617377 | 16230322 | 567422 | 3300304 | 10042870 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1985 | 122150459 | 16434205 | 586382 | 3528292 | 10516521 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1986 | 122672615 | 16652867 | 604112 | 3766348 | 11016363 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1987 | 123190110 | 16876965 | 623020 | 4001152 | 11507643 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1988 | 123591247 | 17069850 | 641732 | 4240444 | 12011871 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1989 | 124003294 | 17244614 | 659166 | 4501609 | 12495988 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1990 | 125362431 | 17647546 | 681484 | 4813950 | 13349695 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1991 | 125926011 | 17937033 | 693956 | 5056006 | 13809406 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1992 | 126491587 | 18234525 | 705586 | 5318955 | 14274655 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1993 | 127016068 | 18510000 | 716783 | 5572936 | 14787359 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1994 | 127413332 | 18779224 | 726970 | 5791282 | 15295695 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1995 | 127903713 | 19070779 | 738255 | 6016218 | 15827842 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1996 | 128415381 | 19363962 | 749329 | 6244052 | 16401252 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1997 | 129011194 | 19691092 | 761914 | 6489889 | 17042615 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1998 | 129722012 | 20031920 | 775710 | 6723367 | 17698537 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1999 | 130399952 | 20362331 | 789421 | 6958844 | 18386072 |
CPUS Non-NCRP Data
| WHITE | BLACK | |||||||
| Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | rate | Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | rate | B/W disparity |
| 1981 | 174920 | 138190744 | 126.5786657897 | 1981 | 159331 | 17695181 | 900.4202895692 | 7.1135233094 |
| 1982 | 195712 | 138701503 | 141.1030131375 | 1982 | 179616 | 17976351 | 999.1794218971 | 7.0812054235 |
| 1983 | 33518 | 18644480 | 179.7743889881 | 1983 | 28156 | 2208841 | 1274.6956435524 | 7.0905296952 |
| 1984 | 35400 | 18731246 | 188.989029347 | 1984 | 29581 | 2222797 | 1330.8007883761 | 7.0416827526 |
| 1985 | 38181 | 18799017 | 203.1010451238 | 1985 | 32593 | 2234806 | 1458.4263690003 | 7.1807920442 |
| 1986 | 41900 | 18874363 | 221.9942469052 | 1986 | 34425 | 2247473 | 1531.7202920792 | 6.899819763 |
| 1987 | 45097 | 18884025 | 238.8103171861 | 1987 | 37260 | 2249946 | 1656.0397449539 | 6.9345402011 |
| 1988 | 47507 | 18884450 | 251.5667652487 | 1988 | 40940 | 2252422 | 1817.5990111977 | 7.2251158034 |
| 1989 | 50291 | 18911093 | 265.9338622046 | 1989 | 46527 | 2256990 | 2061.4623901745 | 7.7517860008 |
| 1990 | 53035 | 19078552 | 277.9823122845 | 1990 | 48828 | 2299209 | 2123.6868853593 | 7.6396475298 |
| 1991 | 55239 | 19181432 | 287.981627232 | 1991 | 53159 | 2316942 | 2294.3604112662 | 7.9670374576 |
| 1992 | 57131 | 19326323 | 295.6123624758 | 1992 | 57104 | 2343855 | 2436.3281858306 | 8.2416315929 |
| 1993 | 60976 | 19492660 | 312.8151827406 | 1993 | 60659 | 2368210 | 2561.3860257325 | 8.1881768119 |
| 1994 | 63775 | 19670548 | 324.2156751301 | 1994 | 64039 | 2387009 | 2682.8135126428 | 8.274780396 |
| 1995 | 68994 | 19840780 | 347.7383449643 | 1995 | 65822 | 2407643 | 2733.8770739682 | 7.8618798115 |
| 1996 | 73650 | 19982006 | 368.5816128771 | 1996 | 67949 | 2433632 | 2792.0819581597 | 7.5752068487 |
| 1997 | 78127 | 20104454 | 388.6054304186 | 1997 | 72432 | 2463051 | 2940.7430053214 | 7.5674264309 |
| 1998 | 82356 | 20203791 | 407.6264697056 | 1998 | 76060 | 2496072 | 3047.1877413792 | 7.4754412872 |
All Races
| All New Sentences, All races | All prison admits, all races | Prison Census | Admit Rates | |||||||||||||||||||||
| drug | total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Year | sum(freq_n~D) | sum(freq_n~T) | % | non-drug | Year | new | pp | total | pp as % of T | Year | sum(adultpop) | Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | rate | ratio to 1981 | new | pp | total | drug | non-drug | |||
| 1983 | 8024 | 100882 | 0.0795384707 | 92858 | 1983 | 100882 | 28317 | 132747 | 0.2133155552 | 1983 | 150325795 | 1981 | 338185 | 159537884 | 211.9778647685 | 1 | 1983 | 67.1089083547 | 18.8370864761 | 88.3062018731 | 5.3377399401 | 61.7711684146 | ||
| 1984 | 13039 | 110832 | 0.1176465281 | 97793 | 1984 | 110832 | 45393 | 164511 | 0.2759268377 | 1984 | 151758295 | 1982 | 379940 | 160602105 | 236.5722416901 | 1.1160233261 | 1984 | 73.0319222419 | 29.911379803 | 108.4033001293 | 8.5919520907 | 64.4399701512 | ||
| 1985 | 17649 | 130756 | 0.1349765976 | 113107 | 1985 | 130756 | 50474 | 193174 | 0.2612877509 | 1985 | 153215859 | 1983 | 399855 | 162122463 | 246.6376297281 | 1.1635065293 | 1985 | 85.3410350948 | 32.9430649865 | 126.0796377482 | 11.5190425555 | 73.8219925393 | ||
| 1986 | 21304 | 129812 | 0.1641142575 | 108508 | 1986 | 129812 | 56381 | 204317 | 0.2759486484 | 1986 | 154712305 | 1984 | 421492 | 163174315 | 258.3078102703 | 1.218560299 | 1986 | 83.9054139876 | 36.4424794783 | 132.0625402097 | 13.7700747203 | 70.1353392673 | ||
| 1987 | 28437 | 146812 | 0.1936967005 | 118375 | 1987 | 146812 | 64139 | 240434 | 0.2667634361 | 1987 | 156198890 | 1985 | 454455 | 164162439 | 276.8325097801 | 1.3059500815 | 1987 | 93.9904246439 | 41.0623916726 | 153.9281105007 | 18.2056351361 | 75.7847895078 | ||
| 1988 | 50186 | 200167 | 0.2507206483 | 149981 | 1988 | 200167 | 76774 | 320113 | 0.2398340586 | 1988 | 157555144 | 1986 | 484267 | 165155634 | 293.2185770907 | 1.383250923 | 1988 | 127.0456774169 | 48.7283360294 | 203.1752133716 | 31.8529746004 | 95.1927028165 | ||
| 1989 | 70107 | 224864 | 0.3117751174 | 154757 | 1989 | 224864 | 69831 | 341182 | 0.2046737518 | 1989 | 158904670 | 1987 | 513722 | 166251119 | 309.0036344357 | 1.4577165157 | 1989 | 141.508742317 | 43.945215707 | 214.7086048509 | 44.1189047496 | 97.3898375674 | ||
| 1990 | 80066 | 247107 | 0.324013484 | 167041 | 1990 | 247107 | 96787 | 388911 | 0.2488667073 | 1990 | 161855106 | 1988 | 555773 | 165293405 | 336.2342254369 | 1.5861761123 | 1990 | 152.6717359167 | 59.7985459909 | 240.283429798 | 49.4677010684 | 103.2040348483 | ||
| 1991 | 66070 | 222197 | 0.2973487491 | 156127 | 1991 | 222197 | 102159 | 369957 | 0.2761374971 | 1991 | 163422412 | 1989 | 627872 | 166263799 | 377.6360240632 | 1.7814880081 | 1991 | 135.9648271499 | 62.5122336341 | 226.3808222339 | 40.4289712723 | 95.5358558776 | ||
| 1992 | 73819 | 239275 | 0.3085111274 | 165456 | 1992 | 239275 | 120764 | 403026 | 0.2996431992 | 1992 | 165025308 | 1990 | 678232 | 168476870 | 402.5668330614 | 1.8990984436 | 1992 | 144.9929122386 | 73.1790786902 | 244.2207227997 | 44.7319268145 | 100.2609854241 | ||
| 1993 | 68723 | 228725 | 0.3004612526 | 160002 | 1993 | 228725 | 123921 | 396739 | 0.3123489246 | 1993 | 166603146 | 1991 | 719814 | 169717700 | 424.1242958159 | 2.000795207 | 1993 | 137.2873234939 | 74.3809483646 | 238.1341586431 | 41.2495211825 | 96.0378023114 | ||
| 1994 | 68859 | 224180 | 0.3071594255 | 155321 | 1994 | 224180 | 118391 | 398221 | 0.2972997406 | 1994 | 168006503 | 1992 | 765800 | 170938217 | 447.9981208649 | 2.1134193485 | 1994 | 133.435311132 | 70.4681056304 | 237.0271345985 | 40.9859135036 | 92.4493976284 | ||
| 1995 | 79402 | 253332 | 0.313430597 | 173930 | 1995 | 253332 | 120270 | 432835 | 0.2778656994 | 1995 | 169556807 | 1993 | 812983 | 173978270 | 467.2899667298 | 2.2044281239 | 1995 | 149.408333692 | 70.9319797465 | 255.2743282079 | 46.8291432263 | 102.5791904656 | ||
| 1996 | 71475 | 233850 | 0.305644644 | 162375 | 1996 | 233850 | 114386 | 409102 | 0.2796026419 | 1996 | 171173976 | 1994 | 886569 | 175161054 | 506.1450475172 | 2.3877259452 | 1996 | 136.6153929847 | 66.8244102713 | 238.9977784941 | 41.7557631541 | 94.8596298306 | ||
| 1997 | 69456 | 226801 | 0.306242036 | 157345 | 1997 | 226801 | 109810 | 401232 | 0.2736820593 | 1997 | 172996704 | 1995 | 915435 | 176462558 | 518.7701064608 | 2.4472843286 | 1997 | 131.1013416764 | 63.4751977702 | 231.9304303046 | 40.1487417934 | 90.9525998831 | ||
| 1998 | 73369 | 236960 | 0.3096260972 | 163591 | 1998 | 236960 | 124069 | 431035 | 0.2878397346 | 1998 | 174951546 | 1996 | 957288 | 176676031 | 541.8324118907 | 2.5560801477 | 1998 | 135.4432158033 | 70.9162067079 | 246.3739302995 | 41.9367543057 | 93.5064614976 | ||
| 1999 | 75974 | 242443 | 0.3133685031 | 166469 | 1999 | 242443 | 117166 | 424462 | 0.2760341326 | 1999 | 176896620 | 1997 | 1003772 | 178940441 | 560.9531274152 | 2.6462816201 | 1999 | 137.0534948604 | 66.2341654691 | 239.9491861405 | 42.9482485307 | 94.1052463297 | ||
| 1999 vs 1983 | 9.4683449651 | 2.4032334807 | 1.7927265287 | 2.4032334807 | 4.1376558251 | 3.1975261211 | 1.1767549275 | 1998 | 1048703 | 180368424 | 581.4227217509 | 2.7428463929 | 2.0422548693 | 3.5161576369 | 2.7172404775 | 8.0461485596 | 1.5234493493 |
Sheet9
Sheet10
B/W Disparity Ratios in Prison Admits, by Offense. All States in NCRP
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
19831984198519861987198819891990199119921993199419951996199719981999
ViolentRob/BurgTheftDrugOther
AdmTyp (3)
| 1983 | 52.5348079377 | 6.9011490168 |
| 1984 | 62.9523527037 | 7.1114192464 |
| 1985 | 68.453283302 | 7.2759821174 |
| 1986 | 67.9817578214 | 7.620146043 |
| 1987 | 77.8301116083 | 7.9786923121 |
| 1988 | 97.3628820847 | 9.1570258341 |
| 1989 | 96.8853298863 | 10.0245993207 |
| 1990 | 107.0663666374 | 10.1724905176 |
| 1991 | 101.9352546632 | 10.1070542642 |
| 1992 | 107.8696245625 | 10.114179916 |
| 1993 | 106.0905144694 | 10.0711632382 |
| 1994 | 106.9746767159 | 9.7100334745 |
| 1995 | 117.2905746685 | 9.2398475135 |
| 1996 | 114.1327455159 | 8.6823350307 |
| 1997 | 114.3024844805 | 8.1848609621 |
| 1998 | 124.5255122932 | 8.0160029812 |
| 1999 | 122.5468242504 | 7.9955869775 |
Calculated from National Corrections Reporting Program Data
Black
White
Disparity
Admissions per 100,000 population
Disparity ratio
Prison Admission Rates per 100,000 and Disparity, 1983-1999
362.5505381452
447.6805726234
498.0648651861
518.0309228593
620.9825131411
891.5544265324
971.2366121615
1089.1315993737
1030.2651503178
1091.0127902975
1068.454889249
1038.7276918365
1083.747024702
990.938734542
935.549943091
998.1968777831
979.8337921135
All (2)
| 1981 | 1981 | 1981 | |
| 1982 | 1982 | 1982 | |
| 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 6.9011490168 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 7.1114192464 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 7.2759821174 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 7.620146043 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 7.9786923121 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 9.1570258341 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 10.0245993207 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 10.1724905176 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 10.1070542642 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 10.114179916 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 10.0711632382 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 9.7100334745 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 9.2398475135 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 8.6823350307 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 8.1848609621 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 8.0160029812 |
| 9.176060938 | 8.0866604529 | 7.9955869775 |
Admissions data calculated from NCRP, In prison from CPUS
Revocation Prob/Parole
NewSentence
InPrison
AllAdmits
Black/White Disparity Ratios in Imprisonment Rates (State Prisons, Totals)
7.1135233748
7.0812052307
7.5521164211
6.8577998667
7.0880768609
8.2389670835
6.8040136583
6.9750816773
8.6290101346
7.0152091957
6.8856114636
8.9334083967
7.1708544703
7.1124784181
8.4938202805
7.658752252
7.1183454903
9.2752291221
9.0337585026
7.3410094102
10.0216702417
9.9234192388
7.636665386
10.1141420228
10.1136704479
7.7113037627
10.1588798497
9.9032224626
7.884877547
10.4548088199
9.9025060559
7.9107131608
11.2830472719
9.493192354
7.9728244332
11.1942654264
9.239863559
8.0186574815
10.6256222378
8.9375430156
8.8336648518
10.0745290839
8.4187252577
8.5348249625
9.2754886727
8.1625603313
8.3630540802
9.0810292932
7.9644409865
8.1836377725
Notes
| Generated 1/5/04 |
| Data Set from which these graphs were generated is ncrp_cpus_time_series.dta |
| Tables summed prison frequencies & population across states to generate national totals by year. |
| These raw numbers are used to calculate rates and disparities in the data tables in this file. |
| Graphs are on the front worksheets, data tables are in the back. |
| Initial graphs compare disparities in CPUS and types of admits |
| Next graphs give black & white incarceration rates from CPUS, comparing all states to those in NCRP |
| Offense graphs from NCRP show total new sentences by offense category, disparities + black & white rates |
| 1/6-7/03 |
| Added data on total admissions |
| Added data on CPUS for non-NCRP states |
All
| 1981 | 1981 | 1981 | 7.1135233094 | ||
| 1982 | 1982 | 1982 | 7.0812054235 | ||
| 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 7.1140350538 | 6.9011490168 | 7.0905296952 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 6.9910238389 | 7.1114192464 | 7.0416827526 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 6.8629812648 | 7.2759821174 | 7.1807920442 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 7.1903763161 | 7.620146043 | 6.899819763 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 7.1982159304 | 7.9786923121 | 6.9345402011 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 7.4102601896 | 9.1570258341 | 7.2251158034 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 7.6599912078 | 10.0245993207 | 7.7517860008 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 7.7645907315 | 10.1724905176 | 7.6396475298 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 7.9157015818 | 10.1070542642 | 7.9670374576 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 7.8985942509 | 10.114179916 | 8.2416315929 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 7.9845841402 | 10.0711632382 | 8.1881768119 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 8.0187243707 | 9.7100334745 | 8.274780396 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 9.0818346024 | 9.2398475135 | 7.8618798115 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 8.7851105913 | 8.6823350307 | 7.5752068487 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 8.5867167273 | 8.1848609621 | 7.5674264309 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 8.3930377482 | 8.0160029812 | 7.4754412872 |
| 9.176060938 | 8.0866604529 | 7.9955869775 |
PPRev
NewSent
InPrison
InPrison/NCRP
AllAdmits
InPrison/NotNCRP
Black/White Disparity Ratios in Imprisonment Rates (State Prisons, Totals)
7.1135233748
7.0812052307
7.5521164211
6.8577998667
7.0880768609
8.2389670835
6.8040136583
6.9750816773
8.6290101346
7.0152091957
6.8856114636
8.9334083967
7.1708544703
7.1124784181
8.4938202805
7.658752252
7.1183454903
9.2752291221
9.0337585026
7.3410094102
10.0216702417
9.9234192388
7.636665386
10.1141420228
10.1136704479
7.7113037627
10.1588798497
9.9032224626
7.884877547
10.4548088199
9.9025060559
7.9107131608
11.2830472719
9.493192354
7.9728244332
11.1942654264
9.239863559
8.0186574815
10.6256222378
8.9375430156
8.8336648518
10.0745290839
8.4187252577
8.5348249625
9.2754886727
8.1625603313
8.3630540802
9.0810292932
7.9644409865
8.1836377725
CPUS
| 1983 | 1983 | 1983 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 1984 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 1985 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 1986 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 1987 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 1988 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 1989 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 1990 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 1991 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 1992 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 1993 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 1994 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 1995 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 1996 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 1997 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 1998 |
CPUS all
CPUS in NCRP
CPUS not NCRP
Year
Black/White Disparity in CPUS Imprisonment Rates for states in and not in the NCRP
7.0880768609
7.1140350538
7.0905296952
6.9750816773
6.9910238389
7.0416827526
6.8856114636
6.8629812648
7.1807920442
7.1124784181
7.1903763161
6.899819763
7.1183454903
7.1982159304
6.9345402011
7.3410094102
7.4102601896
7.2251158034
7.636665386
7.6599912078
7.7517860008
7.7113037627
7.7645907315
7.6396475298
7.884877547
7.9157015818
7.9670374576
7.9107131608
7.8985942509
8.2416315929
7.9728244332
7.9845841402
8.1881768119
8.0186574815
8.0187243707
8.274780396
8.8336648518
9.0818346024
7.8618798115
8.5348249625
8.7851105913
7.5752068487
8.3630540802
8.5867167273
7.5674264309
8.1836377725
8.3930377482
7.4754412872
New
| 1983 |
| 1984 |
| 1985 |
| 1986 |
| 1987 |
| 1988 |
| 1989 |
| 1990 |
| 1991 |
| 1992 |
| 1993 |
| 1994 |
| 1995 |
| 1996 |
| 1997 |
| 1998 |
| 1999 |
Disparity
Year
Disparity New Sentences
6.8577998667
6.8040136583
7.0152091957
7.1708544703
7.658752252
9.0337585026
9.9234192388
10.1136704479
9.9032224626
9.9025060559
9.493192354
9.239863559
8.9375430156
8.4187252577
8.1625603313
7.9644409865
8.0866604529
PP
| 1983 |
| 1984 |
| 1985 |
| 1986 |
| 1987 |
| 1988 |
| 1989 |
| 1990 |
| 1991 |
| 1992 |
| 1993 |
| 1994 |
| 1995 |
| 1996 |
| 1997 |
| 1998 |
| 1999 |
Disparity PP Revocations
7.5521164211
8.2389670835
8.6290101346
8.9334083967
8.4938202805
9.2752291221
10.0216702417
10.1141420228
10.1588798497
10.4548088199
11.2830472719
11.1942654264
10.6256222378
10.0745290839
9.2754886727
9.0810292932
9.176060938
TotAdmits
| 1983 | 1983 | 3.7521879421 | 0.0401412748 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 2.7015285422 | 0.1145542077 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 2.705545009 | 0.1316643855 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 2.948726591 | 0.1773139962 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 2.5840543176 | 0.1438617406 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 2.1974716697 | 0.113597321 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 2.5397912891 | 0.1600404006 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 2.5286437153 | 0.1563797094 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 3.149624929 | 0.162984871 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 3.1072916844 | 0.2115890572 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 3.1547576048 | 0.2337477461 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 3.4616055918 | 0.2485793369 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 3.3144569734 | 0.2052021388 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 3.5277069845 | 0.2325121932 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 3.4838059167 | 0.2643532502 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 3.3935263208 | 0.3173557702 |
| 1999 | 1999 | 3.2964294304 | 0.2899912903 |
Black
Hispanic
AmerInd
Asian
Year
Minority/White Disparity All Admits
6.9011490168
1.9694764348
7.1114192464
2.2281719776
7.2759821174
3.6534728502
7.620146043
4.4050585738
7.9786923121
4.2484649645
9.1570258341
3.9120644665
10.0245993207
4.2319265239
10.1724905176
4.1862352345
10.1070542642
3.8167453114
10.114179916
4.1602760287
10.0711632382
3.8523111207
9.7100334745
3.827283263
9.2398475135
3.8686062875
8.6823350307
3.5246700071
8.1848609621
3.3138378523
8.0160029812
2.88599485
7.9955869775
2.6399429698
CPUS rates
| 1981 | 900.4202987606 | 126.5786657897 | 900.4202895692 | ||
| 1982 | 999.1793982938 | 141.1030131375 | 999.1794218971 | ||
| 1983 | 1041.1937701364 | 141.8313471156 | 1008.9931751098 | 179.7743889881 | 1274.6956435524 |
| 1984 | 1077.7961206162 | 149.2122299922 | 1043.1462569305 | 188.989029347 | 1330.8007883761 |
| 1985 | 1146.6649624423 | 160.9023830371 | 1104.2700402458 | 203.1010451238 | 1458.4263690003 |
| 1986 | 1232.6180747392 | 165.8120682466 | 1192.2511684441 | 221.9942469052 | 1531.7202920792 |
| 1987 | 1298.259846346 | 173.732290872 | 1250.5625437824 | 238.8103171861 | 1656.0397449539 |
| 1988 | 1418.8083282015 | 184.364188961 | 1366.1866098544 | 251.5667652487 | 1817.5990111977 |
| 1989 | 1624.7894901557 | 204.6526288047 | 1567.6373373025 | 265.9338622046 | 2061.4623901745 |
| 1990 | 1734.4976664124 | 216.8552395095 | 1683.7921827771 | 277.9823122845 | 2123.6868853593 |
| 1991 | 1839.2340269009 | 224.9257303958 | 1780.4449598771 | 287.981627232 | 2294.3604112662 |
| 1992 | 1938.5539580861 | 237.3296178188 | 1874.5703548625 | 295.6123624758 | 2436.3281858306 |
| 1993 | 2042.3254675569 | 247.4663284333 | 1975.9157212318 | 312.8151827406 | 2561.3860257325 |
| 1994 | 2212.1272122441 | 268.4091175011 | 2152.2987318326 | 324.2156751301 | 2682.8135126428 |
| 1995 | 2360.2758154207 | 254.6962807874 | 2313.1094959466 | 347.7383449643 | 2733.8770739682 |
| 1996 | 2409.982412863 | 268.8584550471 | 2361.9512609854 | 368.5816128771 | 2792.0819581597 |
| 1997 | 2467.5655474464 | 280.4772119232 | 2408.3783672333 | 388.6054304186 | 2940.7430053214 |
| 1998 | 2522.4573943386 | 292.7513951911 | 2457.073510677 | 407.6264697056 | 3047.1877413792 |
White
Black
White NCRP
Black NCRP
White NotNCRP
Black NotNCRP
Year
In prison per 100,000
CPUS Imprisonment Rates per 100,000 for states in and not in the NCRP
126.5786659184
141.1030136462
146.8936907104
154.520931866
166.5305933262
173.3035943697
182.3822471275
193.2715582985
212.7616450409
224.9292363235
233.2609499569
245.0542597957
256.1608479735
275.8725157373
267.1910079247
282.3704555701
295.0555531234
308.2317991654
CPUS rates 2
| 126.5786659184 | 1981 | 1981 | 126.5786657897 | 900.4202895692 | |
| 141.1030136462 | 1982 | 1982 | 141.1030131375 | 999.1794218971 | |
| 146.8936907104 | 1983 | 141.8313471156 | 1983 | 179.7743889881 | 1274.6956435524 |
| 154.520931866 | 1984 | 149.2122299922 | 1984 | 188.989029347 | 1330.8007883761 |
| 166.5305933262 | 1985 | 160.9023830371 | 1985 | 203.1010451238 | 1458.4263690003 |
| 173.3035943697 | 1986 | 165.8120682466 | 1986 | 221.9942469052 | 1531.7202920792 |
| 182.3822471275 | 1987 | 173.732290872 | 1987 | 238.8103171861 | 1656.0397449539 |
| 193.2715582985 | 1988 | 184.364188961 | 1988 | 251.5667652487 | 1817.5990111977 |
| 212.7616450409 | 1989 | 204.6526288047 | 1989 | 265.9338622046 | 2061.4623901745 |
| 224.9292363235 | 1990 | 216.8552395095 | 1990 | 277.9823122845 | 2123.6868853593 |
| 233.2609499569 | 1991 | 224.9257303958 | 1991 | 287.981627232 | 2294.3604112662 |
| 245.0542597957 | 1992 | 237.3296178188 | 1992 | 295.6123624758 | 2436.3281858306 |
| 256.1608479735 | 1993 | 247.4663284333 | 1993 | 312.8151827406 | 2561.3860257325 |
| 275.8725157373 | 1994 | 268.4091175011 | 1994 | 324.2156751301 | 2682.8135126428 |
| 267.1910079247 | 1995 | 254.6962807874 | 1995 | 347.7383449643 | 2733.8770739682 |
| 282.3704555701 | 1996 | 268.8584550471 | 1996 | 368.5816128771 | 2792.0819581597 |
| 295.0555531234 | 1997 | 280.4772119232 | 1997 | 388.6054304186 | 2940.7430053214 |
| 308.2317991654 | 1998 | 292.7513951911 | 1998 | 407.6264697056 | 3047.1877413792 |
White
Black
White NCRP
Black NCRP
White NotNCRP
Black NotNCRP
Year
black
white
CPUS imprisonment rates per 100,000 for states in and not in the NCRP. Different scales for blacks & whites
900.4202987606
999.1793982938
1041.1937701364
1008.9931751098
1077.7961206162
1043.1462569305
1146.6649624423
1104.2700402458
1232.6180747392
1192.2511684441
1298.259846346
1250.5625437824
1418.8083282015
1366.1866098544
1624.7894901557
1567.6373373025
1734.4976664124
1683.7921827771
1839.2340269009
1780.4449598771
1938.5539580861
1874.5703548625
2042.3254675569
1975.9157212318
2212.1272122441
2152.2987318326
2360.2758154207
2313.1094959466
2409.982412863
2361.9512609854
2467.5655474464
2408.3783672333
2522.4573943386
2457.073510677
Off Dispar
| 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 1984 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 1985 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 1986 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 1988 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 1989 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 1991 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 1993 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 1994 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 1996 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 |
| 1999 | 1999 | 1999 | 1999 | 1999 |
Violent
Rob/Burg
Theft
Drug
Other
B/W Disparity Ratios in Prison Admits, by Offense. All States in NCRP
6.9097276174
7.5315270021
6.9187324056
4.8311437185
6.581181906
6.678030171
8.364841751
6.7290077234
5.6023395466
4.863765498
6.4379905249
8.632711838
6.7712048415
6.8633001854
5.0625377098
6.7380236309
9.0412487864
6.7875143661
7.1757357797
4.8756683115
6.6166899651
9.0236562372
7.1064235163
9.1214646157
6.423753983
7.0690546039
10.0920230437
7.569278904
13.7649728431
6.5316813192
7.3521880313
10.2338481238
7.5004708574
17.4651068422
5.9407161202
7.4746866658
10.4447440933
7.3972320303
19.4540545125
5.3517167221
7.8798835967
10.6632396981
7.217964374
20.8034073418
5.1957566106
7.2160620095
10.1191655983
7.0920292235
19.9257260506
5.5756689703
6.9383209006
9.9894295475
6.7572291038
18.98487039
5.4933752108
6.9353338176
9.321742311
6.4455099962
19.2863404224
5.1666791083
6.8137336329
8.9580872941
6.3791057647
18.0100877876
5.0186148364
6.3484776373
8.6646647848
6.2382731983
16.7708667999
4.70105025
6.3738430824
8.5777158811
6.0403066877
15.2890483042
4.6752790879
6.0400256881
8.1689814416
5.8933579436
15.3379566601
4.504927078
6.2925598892
8.1135356273
5.9729375972
15.4201508728
4.4868844208
Off Black
| 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 1984 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 1985 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 1986 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 1988 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 1989 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 1991 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 1993 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 1994 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 1996 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 |
| 1999 | 1999 | 1999 | 1999 | 1999 |
Violent
Rob/Bur
Theft
Drug
Other
Black New Sentences per 100,000 pop, by offense. All States in NCRP
51.0446384577
99.0925271037
47.9916995871
16.919149978
61.2148581308
61.7794261175
117.1942220186
52.6237237927
28.4775613359
35.1132890639
69.5500642503
127.8187794962
56.6805641725
38.2860021227
38.432039003
65.9946427049
119.6850977026
52.801719136
44.5088527506
37.3209012203
67.9446817189
114.9436540216
57.1963035347
65.8767743395
66.5996531369
91.6411118837
166.0647317374
80.0710041058
150.534425044
73.5976020325
95.3921060271
169.6297802739
84.0030424261
230.3501901346
65.8060558782
104.2297892296
166.7993952247
82.6743843025
267.255288639
74.6732718532
101.8228600014
147.984340554
72.3252279237
218.9771296067
79.7233299398
106.0460856535
155.3975220084
75.7299682882
233.7214706717
66.2424713558
104.1545110751
147.7147487844
71.0642895732
216.2506753106
66.3749324689
101.5696921236
130.6443759337
65.1464618559
211.7339885823
62.7235715384
109.5812604194
132.637476424
73.1905078445
233.8708869732
69.9289735359
98.4044484285
120.8791878439
63.7937628673
203.5378916773
63.7421205433
95.1547024411
114.1734546769
57.5183946121
191.4876026175
64.1762275043
100.958869644
114.062955523
56.4748661137
202.1972931202
62.5651460269
104.8406491379
114.790394086
57.5719940905
212.819445868
63.9759760314
Off White
| 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 |
| 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 1984 |
| 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 1985 | 1985 |
| 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 1986 | 1986 |
| 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 |
| 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 1988 | 1988 |
| 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 1989 | 1989 |
| 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 |
| 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 1991 |
| 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 |
| 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 1993 |
| 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 1994 | 1994 |
| 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 |
| 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 1996 | 1996 |
| 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 |
| 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 |
| 1999 | 1999 | 1999 | 1999 | 1999 |
Violent
Rob/Bur
Theft
Drug
Other
White New Sentences per 100,000 pop, by offense. All States in NCRP
7.3873589935
13.1570300519
6.9364873179
3.5021003232
9.3014991844
9.2511451035
14.0103334298
7.8204285023
5.0831551889
7.2193630796
10.803070303
14.8063299105
8.3708240261
5.5783662507
7.5914573295
9.7943620148
13.2376733049
7.7792423393
6.2026883538
7.6545201264
10.2686814823
12.738035559
8.0485357231
7.2221706837
10.3677154065
12.9637012329
16.4550488063
10.5784190438
10.9360495484
11.2677882518
12.9746553844
16.5753661987
11.1997025284
13.1891658159
11.0771251389
13.9443690271
15.9696966949
11.176394625
13.7377680559
13.9531435857
12.9218736231
13.8779906242
10.0201697011
10.5260223005
15.3439308103
14.6958390205
15.3567525404
10.678180518
11.7296338451
11.8806320297
15.0114865782
14.787105518
10.5167796566
11.3906848384
12.0827232662
14.6452492114
14.0150168901
10.1072625587
10.978442978
12.1400168704
16.0824103676
14.8064505367
11.4734745816
12.9855495282
13.9339191818
15.5004796505
13.9508210469
10.2261893379
12.1363966517
13.55912342
14.9289370967
13.3104728881
9.5224295033
12.5244945799
13.7267158383
16.7149735544
13.9629348333
9.5827992554
13.1828050894
13.8881595515
16.6610490777
14.1480113428
9.638807229
13.8013854484
14.2584408313
CPUS data
| White | White | Black | Black | Asian | AmerInd | |||||||||||||||||
| Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | Rate | Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | Rate | Year | Disparity | Year | sum(freq_c~s) | sum(adultpop) | rate | AsWdisp | W/As Disp | Year | sum(freq_c~s) | sum(adultpop) | rate | AIW disp | ||
| 1981 | 174920 | 138190743.8594 | 126.5786659184 | 1981 | 159331 | 17695180.81937 | 900.4202987606 | 1981 | 7.1135233748 | 1981 | 1067 | 2779247 | 38.3916938653 | 0.3033030376 | 3.2970325915 | 1981 | 2867 | 872712.4 | 328.5160151271 | 2.5953505888 | ||
| 1982 | 195712 | 138701502.5 | 141.1030136462 | 1982 | 179616 | 17976351.42465 | 999.1793982938 | 1982 | 7.0812052307 | 1982 | 1351 | 3022061 | 44.704590675 | 0.3168223663 | 3.1563428166 | 1982 | 3261 | 902190.7 | 361.4535153156 | 2.5616286001 | ||
| 1983 | 205274 | 139743238.125 | 146.8936907104 | 1983 | 189770 | 18226194.3399 | 1041.1937701364 | 1983 | 7.0880768609 | 1983 | 1380 | 3225257 | 42.7872879588 | 0.2912806381 | 3.433115248 | 1983 | 3431 | 927773.7 | 369.810008626 | 2.5175350067 | ||
| 1984 | 216868 | 140348622.9219 | 154.520931866 | 1984 | 198887 | 18453118.93369 | 1077.7961206162 | 1984 | 6.9750816773 | 1984 | 1963 | 3422767 | 57.3512599601 | 0.3711552815 | 2.6942900988 | 1984 | 3774 | 949806.6 | 397.3440487779 | 2.5714577564 | ||
| 1985 | 234724 | 140949476.7969 | 166.5305933262 | 1985 | 214071 | 18669010.30481 | 1146.6649624423 | 1985 | 6.8856114636 | 1985 | 1580 | 3569918 | 44.2587196681 | 0.2657693027 | 3.762661789 | 1985 | 4080 | 974034.4 | 418.8763764401 | 2.51531186 | ||
| 1986 | 245306 | 141546977.6563 | 173.3035943697 | 1986 | 232969 | 18900339.4299 | 1232.6180747392 | 1986 | 7.1124784181 | 1986 | 1536 | 3709531 | 41.4068517017 | 0.2389266758 | 4.1853844774 | 1986 | 4456 | 998786.5 | 446.1413925799 | 2.5743343305 | ||
| 1987 | 259118 | 142074135 | 182.3822471275 | 1987 | 248317 | 19126910.58719 | 1298.259846346 | 1987 | 7.1183454903 | 1987 | 1668 | 4021288 | 41.4792474451 | 0.2274302905 | 4.3969516894 | 1987 | 4619 | 1028785 | 448.9762195211 | 2.4617320304 | ||
| 1988 | 275365 | 142475697.1094 | 193.2715582985 | 1988 | 274146 | 19322271.69455 | 1418.8083282015 | 1988 | 7.3410094102 | 1988 | 1784 | 2569991 | 69.4165855056 | 0.3591660673 | 2.7842273844 | 1988 | 4478 | 925445.4 | 483.875115701 | 2.5036022887 | ||
| 1989 | 304067 | 142914386.6328 | 212.7616450409 | 1989 | 316860 | 19501603.2489 | 1624.7894901557 | 1989 | 7.636665386 | 1989 | 2016 | 2869851 | 70.2475494372 | 0.3301701743 | 3.0287411696 | 1989 | 4929 | 977958.2 | 504.0092715619 | 2.3688915898 | ||
| 1990 | 324890 | 144440983 | 224.9292363235 | 1990 | 345976 | 19946755 | 1734.4976664124 | 1990 | 7.7113037627 | 1990 | 2220 | 3061535 | 72.5126448007 | 0.3223798115 | 3.1019312141 | 1990 | 5146 | 1027597 | 500.7799750291 | 2.2263889889 | ||
| 1991 | 338479 | 145107443 | 233.2609499569 | 1991 | 372518 | 20253975 | 1839.2340269009 | 1991 | 7.884877547 | 1991 | 2632 | 3187553 | 82.5711760714 | 0.3539862805 | 2.8249682402 | 1991 | 6185 | 1168729 | 529.2073697153 | 2.268735379 | ||
| 1992 | 357333 | 145817910 | 245.0542597957 | 1992 | 398923 | 20578380 | 1938.5539580861 | 1992 | 7.9107131608 | 1992 | 3129 | 3353876 | 93.2950413194 | 0.3807117713 | 2.6266589985 | 1992 | 6415 | 1188051 | 539.9599848828 | 2.2034303151 | ||
| 1993 | 375298 | 146508728 | 256.1608479735 | 1993 | 426401 | 20878210 | 2042.3254675569 | 1993 | 7.9728244332 | 1993 | 4294 | 5430370 | 79.073801601 | 0.308688085 | 3.2395160317 | 1993 | 6990 | 1160962 | 602.0868900102 | 2.3504251129 | ||
| 1994 | 405764 | 147083880 | 275.8725157373 | 1994 | 468224 | 21166233 | 2212.1272122441 | 1994 | 8.0186574815 | 1994 | 4683 | 5724286 | 81.8093295828 | 0.2965475896 | 3.3721400376 | 1994 | 7898 | 1186655 | 665.5683412618 | 2.4125938732 | ||
| 1995 | 394760 | 147744493 | 267.1910079247 | 1995 | 506950 | 21478422 | 2360.2758154207 | 1995 | 8.8336648518 | 1995 | 5025 | 6020441 | 83.4656464535 | 0.3123819439 | 3.2012093511 | 1995 | 8700 | 1219202 | 713.581506592 | 2.6706793471 | ||
| 1996 | 416423 | 147473998 | 282.3704555701 | 1996 | 525226 | 21793769 | 2409.982412863 | 1996 | 8.5348249625 | 1996 | 5899 | 6174051 | 95.5450481378 | 0.3383677232 | 2.9553646272 | 1996 | 9740 | 1234213 | 789.1668617978 | 2.7947926075 | ||
| 1997 | 439974 | 149115648 | 295.0555531234 | 1997 | 546668 | 22154143 | 2467.5655474464 | 1997 | 8.3630540802 | 1997 | 6574 | 6412520 | 102.5181987736 | 0.3474538869 | 2.878079762 | 1997 | 10556 | 1258130 | 839.0229944441 | 2.8436102475 | ||
| 1998 | 462119 | 149925803 | 308.2317991654 | 1998 | 568259 | 22527992 | 2522.4573943386 | 1998 | 8.1836377725 | 1998 | 6930 | 6635473 | 104.4386737765 | 0.3388316003 | 2.9513185875 | 1998 | 11395 | 1279156 | 890.8217605984 | 2.890103367 |
New Sent data
| White | White | Black | Black | ||||||
| Year | sum(freq_ncrp_NEW~T) | sum(adultpop) | Rate | Year | sum(freq_ncrp_NEW~T) | sum(adultpop) | Rate | Year | Disparity |
| 1981 | |||||||||
| 1982 | |||||||||
| 1983 | 48784 | 121098758.1328 | 40.2844758709 | 1983 | 44250 | 16017353.13843 | 276.2628732573 | 1983 | 6.8577998667 |
| 1984 | 52763 | 121617376.8125 | 43.3844253041 | 1984 | 47910 | 16230322.34216 | 295.1882223285 | 1984 | 6.8040136583 |
| 1985 | 57594 | 122150459.3594 | 47.1500478197 | 1985 | 54359 | 16434204.80371 | 330.7674490446 | 1985 | 7.0152091957 |
| 1986 | 54796 | 122672614.9375 | 44.6684861392 | 1986 | 53341 | 16652866.88367 | 320.3112135143 | 1986 | 7.1708544703 |
| 1987 | 59926 | 123190109.8672 | 48.6451388546 | 1987 | 62877 | 16876964.77472 | 372.5610667517 | 1987 | 7.658752252 |
| 1988 | 76875 | 123591246.9141 | 62.2010068831 | 1988 | 95917 | 17069849.63239 | 561.9088748034 | 1988 | 9.0337585026 |
| 1989 | 80622 | 124003293.5234 | 65.0160150664 | 1989 | 111259 | 17244613.50641 | 645.1811747398 | 1989 | 9.9234192388 |
| 1990 | 86226 | 125362431 | 68.7813719886 | 1990 | 122762 | 17647546 | 695.632129249 | 1990 | 10.1136704479 |
| 1991 | 78943 | 125926011 | 62.6899870591 | 1991 | 111359 | 17937033 | 620.8328880256 | 1991 | 9.9032224626 |
| 1992 | 81386 | 126491587 | 64.3410379538 | 1992 | 116179 | 18234525 | 637.1375179776 | 1992 | 9.9025060559 |
| 1993 | 81022 | 127016068 | 63.7887798574 | 1993 | 112089 | 18510000 | 605.5591572123 | 1993 | 9.493192354 |
| 1994 | 78851 | 127413332 | 61.8859885086 | 1994 | 107383 | 18779224 | 571.818090034 | 1994 | 9.239863559 |
| 1995 | 88614 | 127903713 | 69.2818041959 | 1995 | 118088 | 19070779 | 619.209105197 | 1995 | 8.9375430156 |
| 1996 | 83949 | 128415381 | 65.3730101069 | 1996 | 106571 | 19363962 | 550.3574113603 | 1996 | 8.4187252577 |
| 1997 | 82584 | 129011194 | 64.0130499064 | 1997 | 102888 | 19691092 | 522.5103818519 | 1997 | 8.1625603313 |
| 1998 | 87344 | 129722012 | 67.331672284 | 1998 | 107423 | 20031920 | 536.2591304278 | 1998 | 7.9644409865 |
| 1999 | 89334 | 130399952 | 68.5076939292 | 1999 | 112807 | 20362331 | 553.9984592137 | 1999 | 8.0866604529 |
PPRev data
| WHITE | WHITE | Black | Black | popcks | ||||||||
| Year | sum(freq_ncrp_PP_~T) | sum(adultpop) | rate | Year | sum(freq_ncrp_PP_~T) | sum(adultpop) | rate | Year | Disparity | W | B | |
| 1981 | ||||||||||||
| 1982 | ||||||||||||
| 1983 | 12667 | 121098758.1328 | 10.4600577209 | 1983 | 12653 | 16017353.13843 | 78.9955736797 | 1983 | 7.5521164211 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1984 | 19493 | 121617376.8125 | 16.028137188 | 1984 | 21433 | 16230322.34216 | 132.0552947019 | 1984 | 8.2389670835 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1985 | 19689 | 122150459.3594 | 16.1186458923 | 1985 | 22858 | 16434204.80371 | 139.0879587605 | 1985 | 8.6290101346 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1986 | 21094 | 122672614.9375 | 17.1953618261 | 1986 | 25581 | 16652866.88367 | 153.613189721 | 1986 | 8.9334083967 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1987 | 25341 | 123190109.8672 | 20.5706448572 | 1987 | 29488 | 16876964.77472 | 174.7233604716 | 1987 | 8.4938202805 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1988 | 28984 | 123591246.9141 | 23.4514989724 | 1988 | 37130 | 17069849.63239 | 217.5180262253 | 1988 | 9.2752291221 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1989 | 25092 | 124003293.5234 | 20.2349464172 | 1989 | 34970 | 17244613.50641 | 202.7879603506 | 1989 | 10.0216702417 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1990 | 34300 | 125362431 | 27.3606691625 | 1990 | 48836 | 17647546 | 276.7296937489 | 1990 | 10.1141420228 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1991 | 35981 | 125926011 | 28.5731277552 | 1991 | 52066 | 17937033 | 290.2709717934 | 1991 | 10.1588798497 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1992 | 41832 | 126491587 | 33.0709741194 | 1992 | 63046 | 18234525 | 345.750711905 | 1992 | 10.4548088199 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1993 | 40132 | 127016068 | 31.5960024837 | 1993 | 65988 | 18510000 | 356.4991896272 | 1993 | 11.2830472719 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1994 | 38595 | 127413332 | 30.2911786343 | 1994 | 63678 | 18779224 | 339.0874937111 | 1994 | 11.1942654264 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1995 | 40008 | 127903713 | 31.2797799701 | 1995 | 63385 | 19070779 | 332.3671256428 | 1995 | 10.6256222378 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1996 | 39312 | 128415381 | 30.6131552886 | 1996 | 59721 | 19363962 | 308.4131233061 | 1996 | 10.0745290839 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1997 | 38802 | 129011194 | 30.0764598768 | 1997 | 54933 | 19691092 | 278.9738629021 | 1997 | 9.2754886727 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1998 | 45025 | 129722012 | 34.7088356909 | 1998 | 63139 | 20031920 | 315.191953642 | 1998 | 9.0810292932 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1999 | 41955 | 130399952 | 32.1740915978 | 1999 | 60116 | 20362331 | 295.2314251251 | 1999 | 9.176060938 | 0 | 0 |
CPUS if NCRP data
| census, if ncrp | |||||||||||
| white | black | ||||||||||
| Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | ck | rate | Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | ck | rate | Year | Disparity |
| 1983 | 171756 | 121098758.1328 | 0 | 141.8313471156 | 1983 | 161614 | 16017353.13843 | 0 | 1008.9931751098 | 1983 | 7.1140350538 |
| 1984 | 181468 | 121617376.8125 | 0 | 149.2122299922 | 1984 | 169306 | 16230322.34216 | 0 | 1043.1462569305 | 1984 | 6.9910238389 |
| 1985 | 196543 | 122150459.3594 | 0 | 160.9023830371 | 1985 | 181478 | 16434204.80371 | 0 | 1104.2700402458 | 1985 | 6.8629812648 |
| 1986 | 203406 | 122672614.9375 | 0 | 165.8120682466 | 1986 | 198544 | 16652866.88367 | 0 | 1192.2511684441 | 1986 | 7.1903763161 |
| 1987 | 214021 | 123190109.8672 | 0 | 173.732290872 | 1987 | 211057 | 16876964.77472 | 0 | 1250.5625437824 | 1987 | 7.1982159304 |
| 1988 | 227858 | 123591246.9141 | 0 | 184.364188961 | 1988 | 233206 | 17069849.63239 | 0 | 1366.1866098544 | 1988 | 7.4102601896 |
| 1989 | 253776 | 124003293.5234 | 0 | 204.6526288047 | 1989 | 270333 | 17244613.50641 | 0 | 1567.6373373025 | 1989 | 7.6599912078 |
| 1990 | 271855 | 125362431 | 0 | 216.8552395095 | 1990 | 297148 | 17647546 | 0 | 1683.7921827771 | 1990 | 7.7645907315 |
| 1991 | 283240 | 125926011 | 0 | 224.9257303958 | 1991 | 319359 | 17937033 | 0 | 1780.4449598771 | 1991 | 7.9157015818 |
| 1992 | 300202 | 126491587 | 0 | 237.3296178188 | 1992 | 341819 | 18234525 | 0 | 1874.5703548625 | 1992 | 7.8985942509 |
| 1993 | 314322 | 127016068 | 0 | 247.4663284333 | 1993 | 365742 | 18510000 | 0 | 1975.9157212318 | 1993 | 7.9845841402 |
| 1994 | 341989 | 127413332 | 0 | 268.4091175011 | 1994 | 404185 | 18779224 | 0 | 2152.2987318326 | 1994 | 8.0187243707 |
| 1995 | 325766 | 127903713 | 0 | 254.6962807874 | 1995 | 441128 | 19070779 | 0 | 2313.1094959466 | 1995 | 9.0818346024 |
| 1996 | 342773 | 127491992 | -923389 | 268.8584550471 | 1996 | 457277 | 19360137 | -3825 | 2361.9512609854 | 1996 | 8.7851105913 |
| 1997 | 361847 | 129011194 | 0 | 280.4772119232 | 1997 | 474236 | 19691092 | 0 | 2408.3783672333 | 1997 | 8.5867167273 |
| 1998 | 379763 | 129722012 | 0 | 292.7513951911 | 1998 | 492199 | 20031920 | 0 | 2457.073510677 | 1998 | 8.3930377482 |
Pamela E. Oliver:
Maine
Offense Data
| Numbers | Numbers | Numbers | ||||||||||||
| Whites | offense | Blacks | offense | |||||||||||
| Pop | Year | V | P | L | D | O | Pop | Year | V | P | L | D | O | |
| 121098758.1328 | 1983 | 8946 | 15933 | 8400 | 4241 | 11264 | 16017353.13843 | 1983 | 8176 | 15872 | 7687 | 2710 | 9805 | |
| 121617376.8125 | 1984 | 11251 | 17039 | 9511 | 6182 | 8780 | 16230322.34216 | 1984 | 10027 | 19021 | 8541 | 4622 | 5699 | |
| 122150459.3594 | 1985 | 13196 | 18086 | 10225 | 6814 | 9273 | 16434204.80371 | 1985 | 11430 | 21006 | 9315 | 6292 | 6316 | |
| 122672614.9375 | 1986 | 12015 | 16239 | 9543 | 7609 | 9390 | 16652866.88367 | 1986 | 10990 | 19931 | 8793 | 7412 | 6215 | |
| 123190109.8672 | 1987 | 12650 | 15692 | 9915 | 8897 | 12772 | 16876964.77472 | 1987 | 11467 | 19399 | 9653 | 11118 | 11240 | |
| 123591246.9141 | 1988 | 16022 | 20337 | 13074 | 13516 | 13926 | 17069849.63239 | 1988 | 15643 | 28347 | 13668 | 25696 | 12563 | |
| 124003293.5234 | 1989 | 16089 | 20554 | 13888 | 16355 | 13736 | 17244613.50641 | 1989 | 16450 | 29252 | 14486 | 39723 | 11348 | |
| 125362431 | 1990 | 17481 | 20020 | 14011 | 17222 | 17492 | 17647546 | 1990 | 18394 | 29436 | 14590 | 47164 | 13178 | |
| 125926011 | 1991 | 16272 | 17476 | 12618 | 13255 | 19322 | 17937033 | 1991 | 18264 | 26544 | 12973 | 39278 | 14300 | |
| 126491587 | 1992 | 18589 | 19425 | 13507 | 14837 | 15028 | 18234525 | 1992 | 19337 | 28336 | 13809 | 42618 | 12079 | |
| 127016068 | 1993 | 19067 | 18782 | 13358 | 14468 | 15347 | 18510000 | 1993 | 19279 | 27342 | 13154 | 40028 | 12286 | |
| 127413332 | 1994 | 18660 | 17857 | 12878 | 13988 | 15468 | 18779224 | 1994 | 19074 | 24534 | 12234 | 39762 | 11779 | |
| 127903713 | 1995 | 20570 | 18938 | 14675 | 16609 | 17822 | 19070779 | 1995 | 20898 | 25295 | 13958 | 44601 | 13336 | |
| 128415381 | 1996 | 19905 | 17915 | 13132 | 15585 | 17412 | 19363962 | 1996 | 19055 | 23407 | 12353 | 39413 | 12343 | |
| 129011194 | 1997 | 19260 | 17172 | 12285 | 16158 | 17709 | 19691092 | 1997 | 18737 | 22482 | 11326 | 37706 | 12637 | |
| 129722012 | 1998 | 21683 | 18113 | 12431 | 17101 | 18016 | 20031920 | 1998 | 20224 | 22849 | 11313 | 40504 | 12533 | |
| 130399952 | 1999 | 21726 | 18449 | 12569 | 17997 | 18593 | 20362331 | 1999 | 21348 | 23374 | 11723 | 43335 | 13027 | Numbers |
| Numbers | Numbers | |||||||||||||
| Rates | Rates | Rates | Rates | Rates | ||||||||||
| Whites | offense | Blacks | offense | |||||||||||
| Pop | Year | V | P | L | D | O | Pop | Year | V | P | L | D | O | |
| 1983 | 7.3873589935 | 13.1570300519 | 6.9364873179 | 3.5021003232 | 9.3014991844 | 1983 | 51.0446384577 | 99.0925271037 | 47.9916995871 | 16.919149978 | 61.2148581308 | |||
| 1984 | 9.2511451035 | 14.0103334298 | 7.8204285023 | 5.0831551889 | 7.2193630796 | 1984 | 61.7794261175 | 117.1942220186 | 52.6237237927 | 28.4775613359 | 35.1132890639 | |||
| 1985 | 10.803070303 | 14.8063299105 | 8.3708240261 | 5.5783662507 | 7.5914573295 | 1985 | 69.5500642503 | 127.8187794962 | 56.6805641725 | 38.2860021227 | 38.432039003 | |||
| 1986 | 9.7943620148 | 13.2376733049 | 7.7792423393 | 6.2026883538 | 7.6545201264 | 1986 | 65.9946427049 | 119.6850977026 | 52.801719136 | 44.5088527506 | 37.3209012203 | |||
| 1987 | 10.2686814823 | 12.738035559 | 8.0485357231 | 7.2221706837 | 10.3677154065 | 1987 | 67.9446817189 | 114.9436540216 | 57.1963035347 | 65.8767743395 | 66.5996531369 | |||
| 1988 | 12.9637012329 | 16.4550488063 | 10.5784190438 | 10.9360495484 | 11.2677882518 | 1988 | 91.6411118837 | 166.0647317374 | 80.0710041058 | 150.534425044 | 73.5976020325 | |||
| 1989 | 12.9746553844 | 16.5753661987 | 11.1997025284 | 13.1891658159 | 11.0771251389 | 1989 | 95.3921060271 | 169.6297802739 | 84.0030424261 | 230.3501901346 | 65.8060558782 | |||
| 1990 | 13.9443690271 | 15.9696966949 | 11.176394625 | 13.7377680559 | 13.9531435857 | 1990 | 104.2297892296 | 166.7993952247 | 82.6743843025 | 267.255288639 | 74.6732718532 | |||
| 1991 | 12.9218736231 | 13.8779906242 | 10.0201697011 | 10.5260223005 | 15.3439308103 | 1991 | 101.8228600014 | 147.984340554 | 72.3252279237 | 218.9771296067 | 79.7233299398 | |||
| 1992 | 14.6958390205 | 15.3567525404 | 10.678180518 | 11.7296338451 | 11.8806320297 | 1992 | 106.0460856535 | 155.3975220084 | 75.7299682882 | 233.7214706717 | 66.2424713558 | |||
| 1993 | 15.0114865782 | 14.787105518 | 10.5167796566 | 11.3906848384 | 12.0827232662 | 1993 | 104.1545110751 | 147.7147487844 | 71.0642895732 | 216.2506753106 | 66.3749324689 | |||
| 1994 | 14.6452492114 | 14.0150168901 | 10.1072625587 | 10.978442978 | 12.1400168704 | 1994 | 101.5696921236 | 130.6443759337 | 65.1464618559 | 211.7339885823 | 62.7235715384 | |||
| 1995 | 16.0824103676 | 14.8064505367 | 11.4734745816 | 12.9855495282 | 13.9339191818 | 1995 | 109.5812604194 | 132.637476424 | 73.1905078445 | 233.8708869732 | 69.9289735359 | |||
| 1996 | 15.5004796505 | 13.9508210469 | 10.2261893379 | 12.1363966517 | 13.55912342 | 1996 | 98.4044484285 | 120.8791878439 | 63.7937628673 | 203.5378916773 | 63.7421205433 | |||
| 1997 | 14.9289370967 | 13.3104728881 | 9.5224295033 | 12.5244945799 | 13.7267158383 | 1997 | 95.1547024411 | 114.1734546769 | 57.5183946121 | 191.4876026175 | 64.1762275043 | |||
| 1998 | 16.7149735544 | 13.9629348333 | 9.5827992554 | 13.1828050894 | 13.8881595515 | 1998 | 100.958869644 | 114.062955523 | 56.4748661137 | 202.1972931202 | 62.5651460269 | |||
| 1999 | 16.6610490777 | 14.1480113428 | 9.638807229 | 13.8013854484 | 14.2584408313 | 1999 | 104.8406491379 | 114.790394086 | 57.5719940905 | 212.819445868 | 63.9759760314 | |||
| Rates | Rates | Rates | ||||||||||||
| B/W Disparities | ||||||||||||||
| Year | Violent | Rob/Burg | Theft | Drug | Other | |||||||||
| 1983 | 6.9 | 7.5 | 6.9 | 4.8 | 6.6 | |||||||||
| 1984 | 6.7 | 8.4 | 6.7 | 5.6 | 4.9 | |||||||||
| 1985 | 6.4 | 8.6 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 5.1 | |||||||||
| 1986 | 6.7 | 9.0 | 6.8 | 7.2 | 4.9 | |||||||||
| 1987 | 6.6 | 9.0 | 7.1 | 9.1 | 6.4 | |||||||||
| 1988 | 7.1 | 10.1 | 7.6 | 13.8 | 6.5 | |||||||||
| 1989 | 7.4 | 10.2 | 7.5 | 17.5 | 5.9 | |||||||||
| 1990 | 7.5 | 10.4 | 7.4 | 19.5 | 5.4 | |||||||||
| 1991 | 7.9 | 10.7 | 7.2 | 20.8 | 5.2 | |||||||||
| 1992 | 7.2 | 10.1 | 7.1 | 19.9 | 5.6 | |||||||||
| 1993 | 6.9 | 10.0 | 6.8 | 19.0 | 5.5 | |||||||||
| 1994 | 6.9 | 9.3 | 6.4 | 19.3 | 5.2 | |||||||||
| 1995 | 6.8 | 9.0 | 6.4 | 18.0 | 5.0 | |||||||||
| 1996 | 6.3 | 8.7 | 6.2 | 16.8 | 4.7 | |||||||||
| 1997 | 6.4 | 8.6 | 6.0 | 15.3 | 4.7 | |||||||||
| 1998 | 6.0 | 8.2 | 5.9 | 15.3 | 4.5 | |||||||||
| 1999 | 6.3 | 8.1 | 6.0 | 15.4 | 4.5 | |||||||||
| max-min | 1.8 | 3.1 | 1.7 | 16.0 | 2.1 |
AdmTyp B
| 1983 | 276.2628732573 | 78.9955736797 | 7.2920912082 |
| 1984 | 295.1882223285 | 132.0552947019 | 20.4370555931 |
| 1985 | 330.7674490446 | 139.0879587605 | 28.2094573809 |
| 1986 | 320.3112135143 | 153.613189721 | 44.106519624 |
| 1987 | 372.5610667517 | 174.7233604716 | 73.6980859179 |
| 1988 | 561.9088748034 | 217.5180262253 | 112.1275255037 |
| 1989 | 645.1811747398 | 202.7879603506 | 123.267477071 |
| 1990 | 695.632129249 | 276.7296937489 | 116.7697763757 |
| 1991 | 620.8328880256 | 290.2709717934 | 119.1612904988 |
| 1992 | 637.1375179776 | 345.750711905 | 108.1245604149 |
| 1993 | 605.5591572123 | 356.4991896272 | 106.3965424095 |
| 1994 | 571.818090034 | 339.0874937111 | 127.8221080914 |
| 1995 | 619.209105197 | 332.3671256428 | 132.1707938622 |
| 1996 | 550.3574113603 | 308.4131233061 | 132.1681998756 |
| 1997 | 522.5103818519 | 278.9738629021 | 134.0656983371 |
| 1998 | 536.2591304278 | 315.191953642 | 146.7457937132 |
| 1999 | 553.9984592137 | 295.2314251251 | 130.6039077746 |
B Tot
B New
B PP
B Oth
Black Prison Admission Rates per 100,000
362.5505381452
447.6805726234
498.0648651861
518.0309228593
620.9825131411
891.5544265324
971.2366121615
1089.1315993737
1030.2651503178
1091.0127902975
1068.454889249
1038.7276918365
1083.747024702
990.938734542
935.549943091
998.1968777831
979.8337921135
AdmTyp
| 1983 | 276.2628732573 | 78.9955736797 | 7.2920912082 | 52.5348079377 | 40.2844758709 | 10.4600577209 | 1.7902743459 |
| 1984 | 295.1882223285 | 132.0552947019 | 20.4370555931 | 62.9523527037 | 43.3844253041 | 16.028137188 | 3.5397902116 |
| 1985 | 330.7674490446 | 139.0879587605 | 28.2094573809 | 68.453283302 | 47.1500478197 | 16.1186458923 | 5.1845895899 |
| 1986 | 320.3112135143 | 153.613189721 | 44.106519624 | 67.9817578214 | 44.6684861392 | 17.1953618261 | 6.1179098561 |
| 1987 | 372.5610667517 | 174.7233604716 | 73.6980859179 | 77.8301116083 | 48.6451388546 | 20.5706448572 | 8.6143278965 |
| 1988 | 561.9088748034 | 217.5180262253 | 112.1275255037 | 97.3628820847 | 62.2010068831 | 23.4514989724 | 11.7103762292 |
| 1989 | 645.1811747398 | 202.7879603506 | 123.267477071 | 96.8853298863 | 65.0160150664 | 20.2349464172 | 11.6343684027 |
| 1990 | 695.632129249 | 276.7296937489 | 116.7697763757 | 107.0663666374 | 68.7813719886 | 27.3606691625 | 10.9243254863 |
| 1991 | 620.8328880256 | 290.2709717934 | 119.1612904988 | 101.9352546632 | 62.6899870591 | 28.5731277552 | 10.6721398489 |
| 1992 | 637.1375179776 | 345.750711905 | 108.1245604149 | 107.8696245625 | 64.3410379538 | 33.0709741194 | 10.4576124893 |
| 1993 | 605.5591572123 | 356.4991896272 | 106.3965424095 | 106.0905144694 | 63.7887798574 | 31.5960024837 | 10.7057321283 |
| 1994 | 571.818090034 | 339.0874937111 | 127.8221080914 | 106.9746767159 | 61.8859885086 | 30.2911786343 | 14.797509573 |
| 1995 | 619.209105197 | 332.3671256428 | 132.1707938622 | 117.2905746685 | 69.2818041959 | 31.2797799701 | 16.7289905024 |
| 1996 | 550.3574113603 | 308.4131233061 | 132.1681998756 | 114.1327455159 | 65.3730101069 | 30.6131552886 | 18.1465801203 |
| 1997 | 522.5103818519 | 278.9738629021 | 134.0656983371 | 114.3024844805 | 64.0130499064 | 30.0764598768 | 20.2129746974 |
| 1998 | 536.2591304278 | 315.191953642 | 146.7457937132 | 124.5255122932 | 67.331672284 | 34.7088356909 | 22.4850043183 |
| 1999 | 553.9984592137 | 295.2314251251 | 130.6039077746 | 122.5468242504 | 68.5076939292 | 32.1740915978 | 21.8650387233 |
B Tot
B New
B PP
B Oth
W Tot
W New
W PP
W Oth
Prison Admission Rates per 100,000
362.5505381452
447.6805726234
498.0648651861
518.0309228593
620.9825131411
891.5544265324
971.2366121615
1089.1315993737
1030.2651503178
1091.0127902975
1068.454889249
1038.7276918365
1083.747024702
990.938734542
935.549943091
998.1968777831
979.8337921135
AdmTyp (2)
| 1983 | 276.2628732573 | 78.9955736797 | 7.2920912082 | 52.5348079377 | 40.2844758709 | 10.4600577209 | 1.7902743459 |
| 1984 | 295.1882223285 | 132.0552947019 | 20.4370555931 | 62.9523527037 | 43.3844253041 | 16.028137188 | 3.5397902116 |
| 1985 | 330.7674490446 | 139.0879587605 | 28.2094573809 | 68.453283302 | 47.1500478197 | 16.1186458923 | 5.1845895899 |
| 1986 | 320.3112135143 | 153.613189721 | 44.106519624 | 67.9817578214 | 44.6684861392 | 17.1953618261 | 6.1179098561 |
| 1987 | 372.5610667517 | 174.7233604716 | 73.6980859179 | 77.8301116083 | 48.6451388546 | 20.5706448572 | 8.6143278965 |
| 1988 | 561.9088748034 | 217.5180262253 | 112.1275255037 | 97.3628820847 | 62.2010068831 | 23.4514989724 | 11.7103762292 |
| 1989 | 645.1811747398 | 202.7879603506 | 123.267477071 | 96.8853298863 | 65.0160150664 | 20.2349464172 | 11.6343684027 |
| 1990 | 695.632129249 | 276.7296937489 | 116.7697763757 | 107.0663666374 | 68.7813719886 | 27.3606691625 | 10.9243254863 |
| 1991 | 620.8328880256 | 290.2709717934 | 119.1612904988 | 101.9352546632 | 62.6899870591 | 28.5731277552 | 10.6721398489 |
| 1992 | 637.1375179776 | 345.750711905 | 108.1245604149 | 107.8696245625 | 64.3410379538 | 33.0709741194 | 10.4576124893 |
| 1993 | 605.5591572123 | 356.4991896272 | 106.3965424095 | 106.0905144694 | 63.7887798574 | 31.5960024837 | 10.7057321283 |
| 1994 | 571.818090034 | 339.0874937111 | 127.8221080914 | 106.9746767159 | 61.8859885086 | 30.2911786343 | 14.797509573 |
| 1995 | 619.209105197 | 332.3671256428 | 132.1707938622 | 117.2905746685 | 69.2818041959 | 31.2797799701 | 16.7289905024 |
| 1996 | 550.3574113603 | 308.4131233061 | 132.1681998756 | 114.1327455159 | 65.3730101069 | 30.6131552886 | 18.1465801203 |
| 1997 | 522.5103818519 | 278.9738629021 | 134.0656983371 | 114.3024844805 | 64.0130499064 | 30.0764598768 | 20.2129746974 |
| 1998 | 536.2591304278 | 315.191953642 | 146.7457937132 | 124.5255122932 | 67.331672284 | 34.7088356909 | 22.4850043183 |
| 1999 | 553.9984592137 | 295.2314251251 | 130.6039077746 | 122.5468242504 | 68.5076939292 | 32.1740915978 | 21.8650387233 |
B Tot
B New
B PP
B Oth
W Tot
W New
W PP
W Oth
Black & White Prison Admission Rates per 100,000: Different Scales
362.5505381452
447.6805726234
498.0648651861
518.0309228593
620.9825131411
891.5544265324
971.2366121615
1089.1315993737
1030.2651503178
1091.0127902975
1068.454889249
1038.7276918365
1083.747024702
990.938734542
935.549943091
998.1968777831
979.8337921135
OthAdm
| Rates of Admits that are not new sentence or PP | ||
| Calculated by subtraction from other pages | ||
| White | Black | |
| 1983 | 1.7902743459 | 7.2920912082 |
| 1984 | 3.5397902116 | 20.4370555931 |
| 1985 | 5.1845895899 | 28.2094573809 |
| 1986 | 6.1179098561 | 44.106519624 |
| 1987 | 8.6143278965 | 73.6980859179 |
| 1988 | 11.7103762292 | 112.1275255037 |
| 1989 | 11.6343684027 | 123.267477071 |
| 1990 | 10.9243254863 | 116.7697763757 |
| 1991 | 10.6721398489 | 119.1612904988 |
| 1992 | 10.4576124893 | 108.1245604149 |
| 1993 | 10.7057321283 | 106.3965424095 |
| 1994 | 14.797509573 | 127.8221080914 |
| 1995 | 16.7289905024 | 132.1707938622 |
| 1996 | 18.1465801203 | 132.1681998756 |
| 1997 | 20.2129746974 | 134.0656983371 |
| 1998 | 22.4850043183 | 146.7457937132 |
| 1999 | 21.8650387233 | 130.6039077746 |
Total Admits Data
| Total Admits, all reasons | Black | Hispanic | AmInd | Asian | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Year | 1 | WhiteNH | White pop | Rate | BlackNH | Black Pop | Rate | AmIndNH | AsianNH | Hisp Pop | Hispanic | Rate | BWDisp | HWDisp | Iwdisp | AsWDisp | W/Asian | ||||||||||
| 1978 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1979 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1980 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | AmerInd | Asian | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 1981 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Year sum(freq_n~T) | Admits | Pop | rate | Year | sum(freq_n~T) | sum(adultpop) | rate | ||||||||||||||
| 1982 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1983 | 63619 | 121098758.1328 | 52.5348079377 | 58071 | 16017353.13843 | 362.5505381452 | 1081 | 65 | 9578986 | 9911 | 103.4660662412 | 6.9011490168 | 1.9694764348 | 3.7521879421 | 0.0401412748 | 24.9120140063 | 1983 | 1081 | 548395.6 | 197.1204728849 | 1983 | 65 | 3082301 | 2.1088141619 | |||
| 1984 | 76561 | 121617376.8125 | 62.9523527037 | 72660 | 16230322.34216 | 447.6805726234 | 965 | 238 | 10042870 | 14087 | 140.2686682193 | 7.1114192464 | 2.2281719776 | 2.7015285422 | 0.1145542077 | 8.729491657 | 1984 | 965 | 567421.5 | 170.0675776297 | 1984 | 238 | 3300304 | 7.211456884 | |||
| 1985 | 83616 | 122150459.3594 | 68.453283302 | 81853 | 16434204.80371 | 498.0648651861 | 1086 | 318 | 10516521 | 26301 | 250.0922120538 | 7.2759821174 | 3.6534728502 | 2.705545009 | 0.1316643855 | 7.5950682971 | 1985 | 1086 | 586382.2 | 185.2034389857 | 1985 | 318 | 3528292 | 9.0128594799 | |||
| 1986 | 83395 | 122672614.9375 | 67.9817578214 | 86267 | 16652866.88367 | 518.0309228593 | 1211 | 454 | 11016363 | 32990 | 299.4636251547 | 7.620146043 | 4.4050585738 | 2.948726591 | 0.1773139962 | 5.6397127226 | 1986 | 1211 | 604111.7 | 200.459616988 | 1986 | 454 | 3766348 | 12.0541171448 | |||
| 1987 | 95879 | 123190109.8672 | 77.8301116083 | 104803 | 16876964.77472 | 620.9825131411 | 1253 | 448 | 11507643 | 38051 | 330.6585023536 | 7.9786923121 | 4.2484649645 | 2.5840543176 | 0.1438617406 | 6.9511184536 | 1987 | 1253 | 623019.7 | 201.1172359397 | 1987 | 448 | 4001152 | 11.1967753287 | |||
| 1988 | 120332 | 123591246.9141 | 97.3628820847 | 152187 | 17069849.63239 | 891.5544265324 | 1373 | 469 | 12011871 | 45752 | 380.8898713614 | 9.1570258341 | 3.9120644665 | 2.1974716697 | 0.113597321 | 8.8030245023 | 1988 | 1373 | 641732.2 | 213.9521750662 | 1988 | 469 | 4240444 | 11.0601625679 | |||
| 1989 | 120141 | 124003293.5234 | 96.8853298863 | 167486 | 17244613.50641 | 971.2366121615 | 1622 | 698 | 12495988 | 51235 | 410.0115973223 | 10.0245993207 | 4.2319265239 | 2.5397912891 | 0.1600404006 | 6.2484222491 | 1989 | 1622 | 659166 | 246.0685168835 | 1989 | 698 | 4501609 | 15.5055670095 | |||
| 1990 | 134221 | 125362431 | 107.0663666374 | 192205 | 17647546 | 1089.1315993737 | 1845 | 806 | 13349695 | 59834 | 448.2049964437 | 10.1724905176 | 4.1862352345 | 2.5286437153 | 0.1563797094 | 6.3946915096 | 1990 | 1845 | 681484 | 270.7326951183 | 1990 | 806 | 4813950 | 16.7430073017 | |||
| 1991 | 128363 | 125926011 | 101.9352546632 | 184799 | 17937033 | 1030.2651503178 | 2228 | 840 | 13809406 | 53727 | 389.0609052989 | 10.1070542642 | 3.8167453114 | 3.149624929 | 0.162984871 | 6.1355387999 | 1991 | 2228 | 693956 | 321.0578192277 | 1991 | 840 | 5056006 | 16.6139043348 | |||
| 1992 | 136446 | 126491587 | 107.8696245625 | 198941 | 18234525 | 1091.0127902975 | 2365 | 1214 | 14274655 | 64060 | 448.767413293 | 10.114179916 | 4.1602760287 | 3.1072916844 | 0.2115890572 | 4.7261423304 | 1992 | 2365 | 705586 | 335.1823874056 | 1992 | 1214 | 5318955 | 22.8240321642 | |||
| 1993 | 134752 | 127016068 | 106.0905144694 | 197771 | 18510000 | 1068.454889249 | 2399 | 1382 | 14787359 | 60435 | 408.6936686936 | 10.0711632382 | 3.8523111207 | 3.1547576048 | 0.2337477461 | 4.2781161168 | 1993 | 2399 | 716783 | 334.6898573208 | 1993 | 1382 | 5572936 | 24.7984186432 | |||
| 1994 | 136300 | 127413332 | 106.9746767159 | 195065 | 18779224 | 1038.7276918365 | 2692 | 1540 | 15295695 | 62624 | 409.4223897639 | 9.7100334745 | 3.827283263 | 3.4616055918 | 0.2485793369 | 4.0228605177 | 1994 | 2692 | 726970 | 370.3041390979 | 1994 | 1540 | 5791282 | 26.5916942052 | |||
| 1995 | 150019 | 127903713 | 117.2905746685 | 206679 | 19070779 | 1083.747024702 | 2870 | 1448 | 15827842 | 71819 | 453.7510546289 | 9.2398475135 | 3.8686062875 | 3.3144569734 | 0.2052021388 | 4.8732435535 | 1995 | 2870 | 738255 | 388.7545631252 | 1995 | 1448 | 6016218 | 24.0682767812 | |||
| 1996 | 146564 | 128415381 | 114.1327455159 | 191885 | 19363962 | 990.938734542 | 3017 | 1657 | 16401252 | 65979 | 402.2802649456 | 8.6823350307 | 3.5246700071 | 3.5277069845 | 0.2325121932 | 4.3008497158 | 1996 | 3017 | 749329 | 402.6268835185 | 1996 | 1657 | 6244052 | 26.5372549748 | |||
| 1997 | 147463 | 129011194 | 114.3024844805 | 184220 | 19691092 | 935.549943091 | 3034 | 1961 | 17042615 | 64554 | 378.7798996809 | 8.1848609621 | 3.3138378523 | 3.4838059167 | 0.2643532502 | 3.7828171173 | 1997 | 3034 | 761914 | 398.207671732 | 1997 | 1961 | 6489889 | 30.2162332823 | |||
| 1998 | 161537 | 129722012 | 124.5255122932 | 199958 | 20031920 | 998.1968777831 | 3278 | 2657 | 17698537 | 63605 | 359.3799871707 | 8.0160029812 | 2.88599485 | 3.3935263208 | 0.3173557702 | 3.1510377117 | 1998 | 3278 | 775710 | 422.5806035761 | 1998 | 2657 | 6723367 | 39.5188898657 | |||
| 1999 | 159801 | 130399952 | 122.5468242504 | 199517 | 20362331 | 979.8337921135 | 3189 | 2473 | 18386072 | 59482 | 323.5166271512 | 7.9955869775 | 2.6399429698 | 3.2964294304 | 0.2899912903 | 3.4483794284 | 1999 | 3189 | 789421 | 403.9669580617 | 1999 | 2473 | 6958844 | 35.5375116902 | |||
| Populations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Year | 1. WhiteNH | 2. BlackNH | 3 | AmIndNH | 4 | AsianNH | Hispanic | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 1983 | 121098758 | 16017353 | 548396 | 3082301 | 9578986 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1984 | 121617377 | 16230322 | 567422 | 3300304 | 10042870 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1985 | 122150459 | 16434205 | 586382 | 3528292 | 10516521 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1986 | 122672615 | 16652867 | 604112 | 3766348 | 11016363 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1987 | 123190110 | 16876965 | 623020 | 4001152 | 11507643 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1988 | 123591247 | 17069850 | 641732 | 4240444 | 12011871 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1989 | 124003294 | 17244614 | 659166 | 4501609 | 12495988 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1990 | 125362431 | 17647546 | 681484 | 4813950 | 13349695 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1991 | 125926011 | 17937033 | 693956 | 5056006 | 13809406 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1992 | 126491587 | 18234525 | 705586 | 5318955 | 14274655 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1993 | 127016068 | 18510000 | 716783 | 5572936 | 14787359 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1994 | 127413332 | 18779224 | 726970 | 5791282 | 15295695 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1995 | 127903713 | 19070779 | 738255 | 6016218 | 15827842 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1996 | 128415381 | 19363962 | 749329 | 6244052 | 16401252 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1997 | 129011194 | 19691092 | 761914 | 6489889 | 17042615 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1998 | 129722012 | 20031920 | 775710 | 6723367 | 17698537 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1999 | 130399952 | 20362331 | 789421 | 6958844 | 18386072 |
CPUS Non-NCRP Data
| WHITE | BLACK | |||||||
| Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | rate | Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | rate | B/W disparity |
| 1981 | 174920 | 138190744 | 126.5786657897 | 1981 | 159331 | 17695181 | 900.4202895692 | 7.1135233094 |
| 1982 | 195712 | 138701503 | 141.1030131375 | 1982 | 179616 | 17976351 | 999.1794218971 | 7.0812054235 |
| 1983 | 33518 | 18644480 | 179.7743889881 | 1983 | 28156 | 2208841 | 1274.6956435524 | 7.0905296952 |
| 1984 | 35400 | 18731246 | 188.989029347 | 1984 | 29581 | 2222797 | 1330.8007883761 | 7.0416827526 |
| 1985 | 38181 | 18799017 | 203.1010451238 | 1985 | 32593 | 2234806 | 1458.4263690003 | 7.1807920442 |
| 1986 | 41900 | 18874363 | 221.9942469052 | 1986 | 34425 | 2247473 | 1531.7202920792 | 6.899819763 |
| 1987 | 45097 | 18884025 | 238.8103171861 | 1987 | 37260 | 2249946 | 1656.0397449539 | 6.9345402011 |
| 1988 | 47507 | 18884450 | 251.5667652487 | 1988 | 40940 | 2252422 | 1817.5990111977 | 7.2251158034 |
| 1989 | 50291 | 18911093 | 265.9338622046 | 1989 | 46527 | 2256990 | 2061.4623901745 | 7.7517860008 |
| 1990 | 53035 | 19078552 | 277.9823122845 | 1990 | 48828 | 2299209 | 2123.6868853593 | 7.6396475298 |
| 1991 | 55239 | 19181432 | 287.981627232 | 1991 | 53159 | 2316942 | 2294.3604112662 | 7.9670374576 |
| 1992 | 57131 | 19326323 | 295.6123624758 | 1992 | 57104 | 2343855 | 2436.3281858306 | 8.2416315929 |
| 1993 | 60976 | 19492660 | 312.8151827406 | 1993 | 60659 | 2368210 | 2561.3860257325 | 8.1881768119 |
| 1994 | 63775 | 19670548 | 324.2156751301 | 1994 | 64039 | 2387009 | 2682.8135126428 | 8.274780396 |
| 1995 | 68994 | 19840780 | 347.7383449643 | 1995 | 65822 | 2407643 | 2733.8770739682 | 7.8618798115 |
| 1996 | 73650 | 19982006 | 368.5816128771 | 1996 | 67949 | 2433632 | 2792.0819581597 | 7.5752068487 |
| 1997 | 78127 | 20104454 | 388.6054304186 | 1997 | 72432 | 2463051 | 2940.7430053214 | 7.5674264309 |
| 1998 | 82356 | 20203791 | 407.6264697056 | 1998 | 76060 | 2496072 | 3047.1877413792 | 7.4754412872 |
All Races
| All New Sentences, All races | All prison admits, all races | Prison Census | Admit Rates | |||||||||||||||||||||
| drug | total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Year | sum(freq_n~D) | sum(freq_n~T) | % | non-drug | Year | new | pp | total | pp as % of T | Year | sum(adultpop) | Year | sum(freq_cpus) | sum(adultpop) | rate | ratio to 1981 | new | pp | total | drug | non-drug | |||
| 1983 | 8024 | 100882 | 0.0795384707 | 92858 | 1983 | 100882 | 28317 | 132747 | 0.2133155552 | 1983 | 150325795 | 1981 | 338185 | 159537884 | 211.9778647685 | 1 | 1983 | 67.1089083547 | 18.8370864761 | 88.3062018731 | 5.3377399401 | 61.7711684146 | ||
| 1984 | 13039 | 110832 | 0.1176465281 | 97793 | 1984 | 110832 | 45393 | 164511 | 0.2759268377 | 1984 | 151758295 | 1982 | 379940 | 160602105 | 236.5722416901 | 1.1160233261 | 1984 | 73.0319222419 | 29.911379803 | 108.4033001293 | 8.5919520907 | 64.4399701512 | ||
| 1985 | 17649 | 130756 | 0.1349765976 | 113107 | 1985 | 130756 | 50474 | 193174 | 0.2612877509 | 1985 | 153215859 | 1983 | 399855 | 162122463 | 246.6376297281 | 1.1635065293 | 1985 | 85.3410350948 | 32.9430649865 | 126.0796377482 | 11.5190425555 | 73.8219925393 | ||
| 1986 | 21304 | 129812 | 0.1641142575 | 108508 | 1986 | 129812 | 56381 | 204317 | 0.2759486484 | 1986 | 154712305 | 1984 | 421492 | 163174315 | 258.3078102703 | 1.218560299 | 1986 | 83.9054139876 | 36.4424794783 | 132.0625402097 | 13.7700747203 | 70.1353392673 | ||
| 1987 | 28437 | 146812 | 0.1936967005 | 118375 | 1987 | 146812 | 64139 | 240434 | 0.2667634361 | 1987 | 156198890 | 1985 | 454455 | 164162439 | 276.8325097801 | 1.3059500815 | 1987 | 93.9904246439 | 41.0623916726 | 153.9281105007 | 18.2056351361 | 75.7847895078 | ||
| 1988 | 50186 | 200167 | 0.2507206483 | 149981 | 1988 | 200167 | 76774 | 320113 | 0.2398340586 | 1988 | 157555144 | 1986 | 484267 | 165155634 | 293.2185770907 | 1.383250923 | 1988 | 127.0456774169 | 48.7283360294 | 203.1752133716 | 31.8529746004 | 95.1927028165 | ||
| 1989 | 70107 | 224864 | 0.3117751174 | 154757 | 1989 | 224864 | 69831 | 341182 | 0.2046737518 | 1989 | 158904670 | 1987 | 513722 | 166251119 | 309.0036344357 | 1.4577165157 | 1989 | 141.508742317 | 43.945215707 | 214.7086048509 | 44.1189047496 | 97.3898375674 | ||
| 1990 | 80066 | 247107 | 0.324013484 | 167041 | 1990 | 247107 | 96787 | 388911 | 0.2488667073 | 1990 | 161855106 | 1988 | 555773 | 165293405 | 336.2342254369 | 1.5861761123 | 1990 | 152.6717359167 | 59.7985459909 | 240.283429798 | 49.4677010684 | 103.2040348483 | ||
| 1991 | 66070 | 222197 | 0.2973487491 | 156127 | 1991 | 222197 | 102159 | 369957 | 0.2761374971 | 1991 | 163422412 | 1989 | 627872 | 166263799 | 377.6360240632 | 1.7814880081 | 1991 | 135.9648271499 | 62.5122336341 | 226.3808222339 | 40.4289712723 | 95.5358558776 | ||
| 1992 | 73819 | 239275 | 0.3085111274 | 165456 | 1992 | 239275 | 120764 | 403026 | 0.2996431992 | 1992 | 165025308 | 1990 | 678232 | 168476870 | 402.5668330614 | 1.8990984436 | 1992 | 144.9929122386 | 73.1790786902 | 244.2207227997 | 44.7319268145 | 100.2609854241 | ||
| 1993 | 68723 | 228725 | 0.3004612526 | 160002 | 1993 | 228725 | 123921 | 396739 | 0.3123489246 | 1993 | 166603146 | 1991 | 719814 | 169717700 | 424.1242958159 | 2.000795207 | 1993 | 137.2873234939 | 74.3809483646 | 238.1341586431 | 41.2495211825 | 96.0378023114 | ||
| 1994 | 68859 | 224180 | 0.3071594255 | 155321 | 1994 | 224180 | 118391 | 398221 | 0.2972997406 | 1994 | 168006503 | 1992 | 765800 | 170938217 | 447.9981208649 | 2.1134193485 | 1994 | 133.435311132 | 70.4681056304 | 237.0271345985 | 40.9859135036 | 92.4493976284 | ||
| 1995 | 79402 | 253332 | 0.313430597 | 173930 | 1995 | 253332 | 120270 | 432835 | 0.2778656994 | 1995 | 169556807 | 1993 | 812983 | 173978270 | 467.2899667298 | 2.2044281239 | 1995 | 149.408333692 | 70.9319797465 | 255.2743282079 | 46.8291432263 | 102.5791904656 | ||
| 1996 | 71475 | 233850 | 0.305644644 | 162375 | 1996 | 233850 | 114386 | 409102 | 0.2796026419 | 1996 | 171173976 | 1994 | 886569 | 175161054 | 506.1450475172 | 2.3877259452 | 1996 | 136.6153929847 | 66.8244102713 | 238.9977784941 | 41.7557631541 | 94.8596298306 | ||
| 1997 | 69456 | 226801 | 0.306242036 | 157345 | 1997 | 226801 | 109810 | 401232 | 0.2736820593 | 1997 | 172996704 | 1995 | 915435 | 176462558 | 518.7701064608 | 2.4472843286 | 1997 | 131.1013416764 | 63.4751977702 | 231.9304303046 | 40.1487417934 | 90.9525998831 | ||
| 1998 | 73369 | 236960 | 0.3096260972 | 163591 | 1998 | 236960 | 124069 | 431035 | 0.2878397346 | 1998 | 174951546 | 1996 | 957288 | 176676031 | 541.8324118907 | 2.5560801477 | 1998 | 135.4432158033 | 70.9162067079 | 246.3739302995 | 41.9367543057 | 93.5064614976 | ||
| 1999 | 75974 | 242443 | 0.3133685031 | 166469 | 1999 | 242443 | 117166 | 424462 | 0.2760341326 | 1999 | 176896620 | 1997 | 1003772 | 178940441 | 560.9531274152 | 2.6462816201 | 1999 | 137.0534948604 | 66.2341654691 | 239.9491861405 | 42.9482485307 | 94.1052463297 | ||
| 1999 vs 1983 | 9.4683449651 | 2.4032334807 | 1.7927265287 | 2.4032334807 | 4.1376558251 | 3.1975261211 | 1.1767549275 | 1998 | 1048703 | 180368424 | 581.4227217509 | 2.7428463929 | 2.0422548693 | 3.5161576369 | 2.7172404775 | 8.0461485596 | 1.5234493493 |
Sheet9
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17
34
0
5
10
15
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25
30
35
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Criminal RecordNo Record
Percent Called Back
5
17 14
34
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Black White
P e
rc e
n t
C a
ll e
d B
a ck
Criminal Record
No Record
5
17
14
34
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Black White
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
C
a
l
l
e
d
B
a
c
k
Criminal
Record
No
Record
Child
Poverty
Father has lower
earning capacity
Father not in
household
Male
imprisonment
rates
Poverty
Crime
Enforcement
Imprisonment
Politics Etc.