power point - Apple CarPlay
TECH460 Final Project: Fitbit Blood Pressure User
Interface John Student
March 2021
4/20/2021
Introduction
• This project proposes a technology plan to develop a user interface for blood pressure (BP) monitoring for Fitbit Inc.
• Organization profile and problem statement
• Technology selection and design
• Implementation plan
Executive Summary
• Fitbit has lost market share in the wearable device market and has negative net income.
• Analysis of Fitbit’s products and services suggests adding BP measurement to better compete in advanced health monitoring.
• This proposal addresses development of a user interface for the BP monitoring capability.
• Alternative solutions for a BP monitoring user interface were evaluated; recommended solution is a website plus platform-specific extensions to existing apps.
• An implementation plan for the recommended solution is outlined including WBS, schedule, validation, evaluation and continuous improvement, and legal/ethical/cultural considerations.
Organization Profile and Problem Statement
The Organization
• Fitbit, Inc.
• Builds and distributes wearable products that wirelessly track activity of users to monitor health and fitness
• Main competitors: Apple, Xiaomi, Huawei, Samsung
• Public company established 2007
• 1,684 employees
• Revenue has nearly doubled in last 5 years to $1.4B
• Net income has gone from +$132M in 2014 to -$321M in 2019
• Share of wearable device market declined from 34% (2015Q1) to 2.6% (2020Q3)
• Acquisition by Alphabet Inc. (Google parent co.) announced 2019 but not yet completed
Sources: Plunkett Research, 2020; Statista, 2020.
Products and Services
• Connected health and fitness tracking devices • Smartwatches: Sense, Versa • Trackers: Inspire, Charge, Ace • Smart scale: Aria Air
• Other products • Accessories • Gear
• Web portal / Fitbit mobile app • Health and fitness statistics • Stress management score • Basic insights about activity, weight, sleep and
nutrition
• Premium membership • Guided programs • Premium challenges • Health metrics dashboard • Advanced (personalized) insights • Workouts • Mindfulness
• Health coaching • Personal action plan • Unlimited in-app messaging • Data-driven guidance • 1-on-1 coaching
Products Services
Source: Fitbit Inc., 2020.
Areas for Improvement with Technology
• Broaden smartwatch features to better compete with Apple, Samsung • Wider range of non-fitness apps • Better iOS, Android integration • Better Google Assistant, Alexa support (compete with Apple Siri) • Music storage • Fall detection
• Add advanced health monitoring • Blood pressure • Air quality
• Improve connectivity • Offer standalone LTE option (connect without phone)
• Enter new wearables markets • Hearables (smart headphones) • Smart glasses
Sources: Baxter, 2020; Curry, 2020; Savvides, 2020; Sawh, 2020.
Project focus
Problem Statement
• Support Fitbit’s addition of a blood pressure monitoring capability through design of a web and mobile app user interface with the following features: • Display blood pressure readings numerically and graphically
• Track changes over time
• Identify low/high readings and trends that may indicate health concerns
Technology Selection and Design
Alternative Technology Approaches
• New Progressive Web App (PWA) • Single blood pressure monitoring app for all platforms (web, iOS, Android)
• Separate from existing Fitbit apps
• Linked from existing Fitbit website
• Single codebase implemented in HTML, CSS and JavaScript
• Website plus platform-specific extensions to existing apps • Web interface using HTML, CSS and JavaScript for browser access only
• Extensions to existing Fitbit apps implemented in native code • iOS: Swift/Objective-C
• Android: Java
Source: Google Developers, 2020.
Qualitative Analysis
• Progressive Web App (PWA) • Advantages
• Faster development time • Reduced development cost • Reduced maintenance cost • Greater consistency across platforms
• Disadvantages • Unable to integrate with existing
mobile apps • Not visible in standard app stores • Limited user interface options • Limited access to native device
features
• Website plus platform-specific extensions to existing apps • Advantages
• Can integrate BP monitoring feature into existing apps
• Fuller range of user interface options • Full access to native device features
• Disadvantages • Separate development required for
each platform • Higher development time and cost • Higher maintenance cost • Risk of inconsistency across
platforms
Source: Moqod, 2019.
Quantitative Analysis
• Estimated development cost for PWA: $17K - $20K
• Estimated development cost for website plus platform-specific apps • Website: $17K - $20K • Android: $17K - $20K • iOS: $17K - $20K • Total $51K - $60K 3x higher cost due to separate development for each platform
• Estimates based on Crowdbotics software development cost calculator with the following inputs: • Partial wireframes developed • Moderate visual appearance customization • Medium complexity • HIPAA compliance for health data • Pro developers (not necessarily USA-based) • 1 API integration • Regular updates • Moderate support level
Recommended Solution
• Website plus platform-specific extensions to existing apps
• Justification • Integration with existing Fitbit apps is top priority
• Users will not want to download a separate app just for BP monitoring
• Users will want to view BP data in context with other health and fitness data
• Value of integration justifies higher development and maintenance costs
High-Level Design – Data Flow
Current BP data from sensor
BP data received from wearable
Manually entered BP data
Collected/processed BP data for display
Manually entered BP data
Collected/processed BP data for display
Fitbit Cloud
Wearable device with BP sensor Android or iOS
smartphone
User laptop or desktop
Fitbit app w/ BP
extension
Fitbit web app in browser
High-Level Design – User Interface
Systolic
Diastolic
Systolic
Diastolic
Level
110 70
Normal
< Back
Return to main app/website menu
Add manual entry – brings up entry form as overlay
Graph of historical readings
Current reading
Color-coded level for current reading based on ACC/AHA
guidelines (CDC, 2020)
Implementation Plan
Work Breakdown Structure • Analysis
• Draft requirements specification • Review and approve requirements
• Cross-platform design • Complete common UX design • Design client-side software
• Web app development • Adapt common UX design for web • Code HTML/CSS for web app • Code JavaScript for web app • Integrate with cloud API • Integrate with existing website • Test web app
• iOS app development • Adapt common UX design for iOS • Code iOS app • Integrate with wearable device API • Integrate with cloud API • Integrate with existing iOS app • Test iOS app
• Android app development • Adapt common UX design for Android • Code Android app • Integrate with wearable device API • Integrate with cloud API • Integrate with existing Android app • Test Android app
• Multiplatform validation • Perform end-to-end test across all platforms • Conduct beta test with selected users
• Deployment • Deploy web app to website • Deploy iOS app to App Store • Deploy Android app to Play Store
Schedule
Validation
• BP app functionality for each platform (web, iOS, Android) will be tested individually
• Existing website and apps will be regression tested after integration of new BP functionality
• End-to-end validation test will be performed to verify functionality across all platforms • Data transfer from wearable (all models) to iOS and Android apps • Data transfer from iOS and Android apps to cloud database • Manual data entry from all platforms (web, iOS, Android) to cloud database • Display collected data on all platforms (web, iOS, Android)
• Beta test with selected users
Evaluation and Continuous Improvement
• Ongoing monitoring and evaluation • Customer service requests related to the BP feature • Bug reports and new feature requests submitted on the Fitbit website • Mentions of the BP feature by customers in social media channels • Data traffic volumes for BP data in network • Response time for BP data storage and retrieval requests • BP data storage capacity in the database • Testing with new wearable device products and major product versions • Mobile app testing with new releases of iOS and Android operating systems • Web app testing with new releases of major web browsers (Chrome, Safari, Edge, Firefox, Opera)
• Continuous improvement • Bug reports will be evaluated, prioritized, and addressed per the standard company update cycle • New feature requests will be evaluated and, if adopted, incorporated in the next scheduled major
release • Server, database, and network capacity will be upgraded as needed
Legal, Ethical and Cultural Considerations
• Legal considerations • Health data privacy regulations (e.g. US HIPAA) • Medical device regulations (e.g. US FDA) • Potential liability risk • Regulations and risk will vary from country to country
• Ethical considerations • Privacy protection • Impact on consumer health-related behaviors
• Cultural considerations • Attitudes toward health data sensitivity/privacy • Levels of concern about high blood pressure and heart health • Reactions of health care professionals
Incorporation of Feedback
• Alice Adams suggested including information on Fitbit’s market share in the organization profile. I agreed and included it.
• Bob Baker asked why the development cost estimates for the progressive web app and the standard website are the same. I rechecked these estimates using the development cost calculator and verified that they are the same. The progressive web app is not different enough from a standard website to affect the cost estimate. I left this unchanged.
• Carol Cook noted that my original WBS did not include an analysis phase. I added an analysis phase to the WBS and schedule.
Career Readiness
• My career goal: Web and mobile app developer
• Career skills learned/improved by this project: • Describing the business value of a project
• Evaluating alternative approaches to a project and selecting the best one
• Developing an implementation plan
• Using the project to further career goals • Post project on my Wix portfolio site
• Add a link to the project from my LinkedIn profile for potential employers
• List project on my resume
• Be prepared to discuss the project during job interviews
Conclusion
• Fitbit should add blood pressure monitoring as a competitive feature
• BP monitoring requires a user interface on web and mobile device platforms
• User interface should display blood pressure readings numerically and graphically, track changes over time, and identify low/high readings and trends that may indicate health concerns
• Technical approach recommended is separate development for each platform to enable integration with existing apps
• A high-level design for the proposed user interface was presented
• Proposed solution can be implemented in 3 months
References
Baxter, D. (2020, September 21). Apple Watch vs Fitbit: how to choose the right wearable for you. Retrieved from https://www.techradar.com/news/apple-watch-vs-fitbit
Centers for Disease Control (CDC). (2020). High blood pressure symptoms and causes. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/about.htm
Crowdbotics. (n.d.). Estimate cost to build an app. Retrieved from https://www.crowdbotics.com/build-an-app
Curry, D. (2020, October 30). Fitbit revenue and usage statistics. Retrieved from https://www.businessofapps.com/data/fitbit- statistics/
Fitbit Inc. (2020). Fitbit official site for activity trackers and more. Retrieved from https://fitbit.com
Google Developers. (2020). Progressive web apps. Retrieved from https://web.dev/progressive-web-apps/
Moqod. (2019). Advantages and disadvantages of Progressive Web Apps. Medium. Retrieved from https://medium.com/@moqod_development/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-progressive-web-apps-6f019223cb17
Plunkett Research. (2020). Company profile: Fitbit Inc. Retrieved from http://www.plunkettresearchonline.com.
Savvides, L. (2020, November 29). Apple Watch Series 6 vs. Fitbit Sense: Top smartwatches go head to head. CNET. Retrieved from https://www.cnet.com/news/fitbit-sense-vs-apple-watch-series-6-top-smartwatch-fitness-tracker-comparison/
Sawh, M. (2020, January 28). Wareable hotlist: The tech set to shake up wearables in 2020. Wareable. Retrieved from https://www.wareable.com/wearable-tech/wearable-tech-predictions-2020-7875
Statista. (2020). Market share of wearables unit shipments worldwide by vendor from 1Q'14 to 3Q’20. Retrieved from https://statista.com