RUA Presentation
Community Health ProfilesCommunity Health Profiles
City of Houston Department of Health and Human Services Office of Surveillance and Public Health Preparedness
1999-2003
Providing Health Information for Community Action
Sunnyside
Super Neighborhood
Community Health Profiles 1999-2003
2 The Health of Sunnyside Super Neighborhood
Introduction This community health profile highlights impor-tant health issues facing the residents of the Sunnyside Super Neighborhood. In Houston, a “super neighborhood” is a geo- graphically defined area where residents, civic organizations, institutions and businesses work together to identify, plan, and set priorities to address the needs and concerns of their com- munity. The boundaries of each super neighbor- hood rely on major physical features such as bayous or freeways to group together contigu- ous communities that share common physical characteristics, identity or infrastructure. Sunny- side Super Neighborhood will hereinafter be re- ferred to as “Sunnyside”. It is the intention of the Houston Department of Health and Human Services (HDHHS), in devel- oping health profiles such as this, to promote a better understanding by local residents, commu- nity-based organizations, community leaders, medical providers, and the public health commu- nity of the unique character and circumstances of our various communities, and to draw atten- tion to those matters that contribute to the great- est of health disparities among the citizens of our growing, culturally and ethnically diverse city. This profile also represents an effort on the part of HDHHS to provide a “baseline” of indicators of health in our communities, against which fu- ture trends in conditions can be measured and monitored, and appropriate public health ac- tions, taken. We hope that this health profile will support these efforts in Sunnyside and across the City of Houston.
Stephen L. Williams, M.Ed., M.P.A. Director Houston Department of Health and Human Services
Table of Contents
Comm unity Resources………...................3 The Super Neighborhood at a Glance..….4 Major Causes of Death…………….…..….6 Years of Potential Li fe Lost…….….…..….7 Maternal and Child Health.......…….….....8 Births to Teen Mothers…….…….....…..…9 Infant Mortality…………………….….......10 Leading Causes of Hospitalization……...11 Crim e………………………...………….....12 Tuberculosis……………………………….13 Drowning and Submersions……....…..…13 Food-related Illness……………………....13 Environm ental Healt h & Safety……….…14 HIV/A IDS……………………………….….15 Gonorrhea………………………………....16 Syphilis……………………………………..17 Chlamydia……………………………….…18 Technical Notes…………………………...19
Community Health Profiles 1999-2003
The Health of Sunnyside Super Neighborhood 3
Community Resources The health of a community depends to a great extent upon the availability and accessibility of its resources.
Community Health Profiles 1999-2003
4 The Health of Sunnyside Super Neighborhood
Sunnyside at a Glance
Sunnyside at a Glance
* Data Source: U.S. Census 2000. Total population was calculated from census block-level data using Summary File 1. For pur- poses of describing demographics using Summary File 3, the super neighborhood is defined by the following census geographies: Tracts 3311, 3312, 3313, 3314; Tract 3318, Block Groups 1 & 3; Tract 3319, Block Group 1; and Tract 3320, Block Groups 3 & 4.
The total population of Sunnyside was 18,920, according to the 2000 census.*
10-19 Yrs 16%
20-29 Yrs 11%30-39 Yrs
11%
40-49 Yrs 13%
65+ Yrs 18%
50-59 Yrs 9%
60-64 Yrs 4%
5-9 Yrs 10%
0-4 Yrs 8%
Black Non- Hispanic
93%
Hispanic 4%
Asian and other Non- Hispanic
2%
White Non- Hispanic
1%
Age
Employment
At the time of the 2000 census, more than one-third (34%) of Sunnyside residents were under the age of 20. Nearly half (48%) were between 20 and 64 years of age, and 18% were 65 or older.
A large proportion (60%) of Sunnyside resi- dents, ages 16 and over, were either unem- ployed or were not in the labor force in 1999.
Race, Ethnicity, National Origin
The majority of residents in Sunnyside were Black. Hispanics were the second largest eth- nic group, though they comprised only 4% of the population. Less than 5% of the population were other races. Of the total population, a majority (81%) were native Texans; 4% were foreign born.
Employed 40%
Unemployed 9%
Not in the Labor Force
51%
Community Health Profiles 1999-2003
The Health of Sunnyside Super Neighborhood 5
Data Source: U.S. Census 2000, Summary File 3
Poverty
Population Stability
Education
Nearly 40% of the population in Sunny- side was below the poverty level in 1999. Sixty-four percent of all residents in the super neighborhood had incomes less than twice the poverty level. Of those living below the poverty level, 44% were children under 18 years of age; 14% were adults 65 and older.
More than one-third (38%) of Sunnyside residents, ages 25 and over, reported that they had not graduated from high school. Nearly one-third (32%) of residents re- ported a high school diploma (or the equivalent) as their highest level of educa- tional attainment. Approximately 30% of residents had at- tained education beyond the high school level, with 10% earning a college degree.
Nearly two-thirds of the residents of Sunnyside had lived in the same house since 1995. Just under one-third moved to Sunnyside from other locations in Harris County between 1995 and 1999. Less than 10% of residents moved to the area from outside Harris County between 1995 and 1999.
Income less than the poverty level
38%
Income greater than the poverty
level but less than twice the poverty
level 26%
Income greater than or equal to
twice the poverty level 36%
13%
25%
32%
20%
3%
5%
2%
Less than 9th grade
9th to 12th grade, no diploma
High school graduate / equivalent
Some college, no degree
Associate degree
Bachelor degree
Graduate degree and higher
Percent of Residents (25 and Older)
Same house since 1995
65%
Moved from different County
in Texas 3%
Moved from elsewhere
1%
Moved from different State
2%
Moved from other location in Harris
County 29%
Community Health Profiles 1999-2003
6 The Health of Sunnyside Super Neighborhood
Data Sources: Texas Department of State Health Services, Vital Statistics; US Census, 2000
*Age-adjusted mortality rates: annual average deaths per 100,000 population; census 2000 populations as the denominators; age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Million; deaths with known age and disease information. - - Numbers of deaths were too small for rate calculation.
Major Causes of Death
During the years 1999-2003, the residents of the super neighborhood had higher overall and specific annual average mortality rates from leading causes than those of Houston as a whole.
Leading Causes of Mortality, Sunnyside , Houston, Texas, 1999-2003
Sunnyside Houston Sunnyside -
Houston Rank Cause of Death Deaths Rates* Rates* Rates
All Causes 1402 1283.7 898.2 385.5 1 Heart Disease 417 373.6 262.0 111.6
2 Cancer 321 285.3 197.6 87.7
3 Stroke 117 100.7 76.0 24.7
4 Diabetes Mellitus 63 59.9 28.0 32.0
5 Accidents 46 48.7 34.8 13.9 6 HIV/AIDS 33 43.1 13.7 29.4
7 Septicemia 32 29.1 18.1 11.0
8 Homicide 24 - - 11.1 - - 9 Kidney Disease 31 25.2 15.8 9.4
10 Influenza and Pneumonia 27 25.1 20.0 5.1
Other Causes of Death of Particular Interest, Sunnyside, Houston, Texas, 1999-2003
Sunnyside Houston Sunnyside -
Houston
Coronary Heart Disease 257 226.1 174.1 52.0 Bronchus-Lung Cancer 87 71.2 52.8 18.4 Firearm Related 18 - - 7.4 - - Motor Vehicle Accident 16 - - 13.2 - - Drug-Induced Cause 9 - - 8.2 - - Cervical Cancer 5 - - 2.2 - -
Cause of Death Deaths Rates* Rates* Rates
Community Health Profiles 1999-2003
The Health of Sunnyside Super Neighborhood 7
§ Ranked by Male YPLL Rate
Note: Annual average YPLL rates might be unstable due to small number of premature deaths.
Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL)
Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL) is an indicator of prema- ture mortality. This indicator suggests social and economic loss owing to premature death. It also gives information on the specific causes of deaths affecting younger age groups.
Data Sources: Texas Department of State Health Services, Vital Statistics; US Census, 2000
NOTE: Special cause of death categories may not be mutually exclusive. * Crude annual average YPLL per 100,000 population under age 65 years. ** Age-adjusted annual average YPLL per 100,000 population under age of 65, standardized for 2000 US Standard Million. - - Number of deaths too small for age-adjustment - Houston data not presented because comparison data were not available for the community.
Leading Causes of Premature Death
YPLL Rate*
YPLL Rate**
Houston YPLL Rate**
Heart Disease 1898.8 2042.2 689.3 Conditions Originat- ing in the Perinatal Period 1378.7 - - -
Cancer 1349.1 1485.6 816.3
Accidents 1188.2 1219.1 779.0
HIV/AIDS 1011.8 1178.7 335.1
Homicide 1011.8 - - -
Diabetes Mellitus 464.7 - - -
Stroke 383.6 - - -
Suicide 336.0 - - -
Specific Causes of Interest Coronary Heart Disease 988.7 1044.3 376.1
Firearm Related 816.2 - - - Motor Vehicle Accident 481.5 - - -
Drug-Induced Cause 279.4 - - - Bronchus-Lung Cancer 141.6 - - -
Leading Causes of Premature Death §
Male YPLL Rates (number of deaths)
Female YPLL Rates (number of deaths)
Heart Disease 2675.4(72) 1211.2(48) Accidents 1929.8(23) 531.6(8) Conditions Origi- nating in the Perinatal Period
1727.0(10) 1070.4(7)
Cancer 1639.3(51) 1092.2(40)
Homicide 1502.2(16) 577.7(6)
Specific Causes of Interest Coronary Heart Disease 1721.5(46) 339.8(20)
Firearm Related 1211.6(14)
Motor Vehicle Accident 830.6(11)
Rate of Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL Rate)
At every age of death, there is a certain number of years of “expected life” that are not lived, and are therefore “lost”. The amount of lost years of life often differ by cause of death. Many people consider death before the age of 65 years as premature. More years of life were lost prema- turely due to heart disease, perinatal period con- ditions, cancer, accidents, and HIV/AIDS related deaths in this community than any other causes. The age-adjusted annual average YPLL rates for heart disease, cancer, accidents and HIV/ AIDS were higher in the super neighborhood than those in Houston. Comparison of other age-adjusted YPLL rates is not possible be- cause of the relatively small number of deaths occurring before age 65 in Sunnyside. YPLL is not reported where fewer than 5 deaths oc-
Differences in YPLL rates between Men and Women, 1999-2003
Premature deaths from accidents, heart disease, and homicide had disproportionately higher impact on annual average YPLL rates among males than fe- males in this community.
Community Health Profiles 1999-2003
8 The Health of Sunnyside Super Neighborhood
Maternal and Child Health
Prenatal care is the care a woman gets during pregnancy. Both prenatal care and birth weight are good indicators of a newborn’s chances of survival, growth, long term health, and psycho-social development.
Data Source: Texas Department of State Health Services, Vital Statistics, 1999-2003
Low birth weight is a factor significantly related to infant mortality. Infants born with low birth weights are at increased risk for serious health problems and long term disabilities such as mental retardation, cerebral palsy, and respiratory, vision, and hearing problems. Low birth weight and infant mortality are therefore among the most important indicators of a community’s health.
Entry into Prenatal Care by Trimester of Pregnancy,
1999-2003 A higher proportion (70.9%) of preg- nant Black women reported entering prenatal care in the first trimester than Hispanic women. A small proportion of women in all groups entered prenatal care very late in their pregnancy, or received no care at all — though much information was unknown regarding prenatal care behavior among White women, in particular.
Low Birth Weight Births (LBWB), 1999-2003
Approximately 15% of live births in Sun- nyside were of low birth weight (2500 grams or less). This was almost twice the percentage in Houston. Both proportions were higher than the Healthy People 2010 goal of reducing this outcome to less than 5% of births being low weight.
70.9%
60.5% 57.1%
33.7%
18.1%
28.6%
2.1% 1.2%
14.3% 6.0% 2.3%
2.9% 2.3%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
White Black Hispanic
P er
ce nt
ag e
E nt
er in
g P
re na
ta l C
ar e
1st Trimester 2nd Trimester 3rd Trimester No Information No Prenatal Care
14.7
8.1
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
Sunnyside Houston
Healthy People 2010 Goal
<5.0%
P er
ce nt
ag e
of L
ow B
irt hw
ei gh
t B
irt hs
Community Health Profiles 1999-2003
The Health of Sunnyside Super Neighborhood 9
Births to Teen Mothers
Births to Teen Mothers
Data Sources: Texas Department of State Health Services, Vital Statistics; US Census 2000
Teenage childbearing is associated with negative consequences for the children born of teen mothers. In addition, there are important social and economic costs to individuals as well as the society as a result of births to teenage mothers.
Births to Teen Mothers,1999-2003 The annual average rate of births to 15-17 year- old teens in Sunnyside (74.6 per 1,000 females aged 15 to 17 years) was 60% higher, and among 18-19 year-old females, 30% higher, than that for girls of their respective age groups in Houston, overall.
Births to Teen Mothers by Super Neighborhood, 1999-2003
Sunnyside was among the neighborhoods in Houston with high annual average rates of births to teen mothers (15-17 years of age).
20-29 Years Old 58%
30-39 Years Old 18% 18-19 Years
Old 13%
15-17 Years Old 10%
10-14 Years Old 1%
Births by Age of Mother,1999-2003
A total of 1,595 births were recorded over the period among mothers in Sunnyside. Approximately 1 out of every 4 of these births was to a young mother (10-19 years of age).
3.7
74.6
152.4
1.9
48.1
118.8
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
10-14 Years Old 15-17 Years Old 18-19 Years Old
B irt
hs p
er 1
,0 00
f em
al es
Sunnyside
Houston
Community Health Profiles 1999-2003
10 The Health of Sunnyside Super Neighborhood
Infant Mortality Infant Mortality Infant mortality is the death of infants in the first year of life. Infant mortality rate (IMR) is one of the most important indicators of the health of a community. The Healthy People 2010 goal is to eliminate disparities in infant mortality among racial and ethnic groups. The targeted groups are African American, American Indian, Alaskan Na- tive and Puerto Rican populations.
Infant Mortality Infant Mortality
Infant Mortality Rate, 1999-2003
The annual average infant mortality rate in Sunnyside was three times Houston’s IMR and 4 times the Healthy People 2010 goal of 4.5 infant deaths per 1,000 live births. Ninety percent (90%) of all infant deaths were among Blacks. The annual average IMR among Blacks in Sunnyside was 50% higher than that of Blacks in Houston as a whole. Infant mortality among other groups is not presented due to small numbers of infant deaths and unreliable rates.
Infant Mortality Rate by Super Neighborhood 1999-2003
Sunnyside was among the neighbor- hoods with the highest annual average infant mortality rates in the city.
Data Source: Texas Department of State Health Services, Vital Statistics
Healthy People 2010 goal
<4.5
17.8 18.2
11.7
6.2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Black All Races/Ethnicities
In fa
nt D
ea th
s pe
r 1,
00 0
liv e
bi rt
hs
Sunnyside Houston
Infant mortality rate is the death of infants in the first year of life. It is one of the most important indicators of the health of a community. The Healthy People 2010 goal is to eliminate disparities among racial and ethnic groups with infant mortality rates (IMR) above the national average. The targeted groups are African American, American In- dian, Alaskan Native and Puerto Rican populations.
Community Health Profiles 1999-2003
The Health of Sunnyside Super Neighborhood 11
Leading Causes of Hospitalization
Data Source: Texas Department of State Health Services, Texas Health Care Information Collection
Principal Diagnosis, Multiple Level Clinical Classification of ICD 9 Counts
Diseases of the circulatory system 2413 Diseases of the heart 1532
Cerebrovascular disease 379
Hypertension 293 Complications of pregnancy; childbirth; and the puerperium 1303 Complications mainly related to pregnancy 439 Indications for care in pregnancy; labor; and delivery 285
Complications during labor 200 Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period 1143 Liveborn 1097
Other perinatal conditions 20
Birth trauma 11
Diseases of the respiratory system 1022 Respiratory infections 458
Asthma 201 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchiectasis 137
Mental disorders 945 Schizophrenia and related disorders 331
Affective disorders 306
Other psychoses 100
Diseases of the digestive system 937 Lower gastrointestinal disorders 252
Upper gastrointestinal disorders 129
Gastrointestinal hemorrhage 123
Injury and poisoning 845 Complications 374
Fractures 224
Open wounds 51
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8 Neoplasms 727
Benign neoplasms 159
Secondary malignancies 84
Cancer of bronchus; lung 76 9 Symptoms; signs; and ill-defined condi-
tions and factors influencing health status 611
Factors influencing health care 380
Symptoms; signs; and ill-defined condi- tions 231
10 Endocrine; nutritional; and metabolic diseases and immunity disorders 604
Diabetes mellitus with complications 304
Fluid and electrolyte disorders 200
Other nutritional; endocrine; and meta- bolic disorders 22
In Sunnyside, during the years 1999-2002, the most common causes of hospitalization were related to issues of cardiovascular and cere- brovascular diseases, perinatal period condi- tions, respiratory diseases, and mental health. Note that only the top 3 conditions are listed under each major category of diagnosis, and that the sum of these counts may not equal the total counts for the category.
Much information on the health issues that the super neighborhood residents face on a daily basis is not readily available. The leading causes of hospitalization provide a partial picture of those conditions.
Community Health Profiles 1999-2003
12 The Health of Sunnyside Super Neighborhood
Crime The crime rate in urban areas is of concern to the residents, law enforcement and the local government. Crimes place stress on the residents of neighbor- hoods and affect their well-being. Of particular concern are violent crimes that threaten residents’ lives, such as those involving firearms.
Crime The crime rate in urban areas is of concern to the residents, law enforcement and the local government. Crimes place stress on the residents of neighborhoods and affect their well-being. Of particular concern are violent crimes that threaten resi- dents’ lives, such as those involving firearms.
Data Source: Houston Police Department
Overview of Crime, 1999-2003
Crime in Sunnyside
Violent Crime, 1999-2003 The annual average rate of violent crime in Sunnyside was 22.7 per 1,000 population, twice that of Houston as a whole. The firearm-related violent crime rate in Sunnyside was 7.2 per 1,000 population, 70% higher than the Hous- ton rate.
Rate of Violent Crime by Super Neighborhood,1999-2003
Sunnyside was among the neighborhoods with the highest annual average rates of violent crime in the city.
Other Crime 62%
Narcotic Drug Law Related
4%
Alcohol Related
1% Violent Crime
9% Burglary
10%
Other Assaults
14%
Other Crime 48%
Other Assaults 20%
Violent Crime 12%
Burglary 10%
Narcotic Drug Law Related
9% Alcohol Related
1%
7.2
22.7
4.3
11.5
0
5
10
15
20
25
Firearm Related Crime All Violent Crime
V io
le nt
C rim
e pe
r 1,
00 0
re si
de nt
s
Sunnyside
Houston
Crime in Houston
Community Health Profiles 1999-2003
The Health of Sunnyside Super Neighborhood 13
Food-borne Diseases
Many food-related diseases are easily preventable. Eating well-cooked foods, keeping cooking areas free of contamination by thoroughly cleaning surfaces touched by raw meats and poultry, hand washing before handling food, and avoiding unpasteurized products are some of the measures that people can take to lower their risk of food-related disease.
Drowning and submersion injuries are often unintentional and are preventable through increased awareness of precautions that can be taken in and around bodies of water.
Tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a specific type of bacteria that spreads from person to person through the air. TB typically affects the lungs but can also affect the brain and other organs. If this disease is left un- treated it can be fatal.
Data Source: HDHHS, Bureau of TB Control
Data Source: HDHHS, Bureau of Epidemiology
Typically Reported Diseases
Number of Cases
Hepatitis A 17
Shigellosis 17
Salmonellosis 15
Campylobacteriosis 8 Amebiasis <5
Data Source: HDHHS, Bureau of Epidemiology
Drowning and Submersion
No drowning or submersion cases were reported among Sunnyside residents from 1999-2003.
From 1999 to 2003, 21 newly acquired cases of tuberculosis were identified among residents of Sunny- side, representing 1.6% of all cases diagnosed in Houston in that period. The annual average rate in Sunnyside was 22.2 per 100,000 population, compared to 13.6 per 100,000 in Houston as a whole. Both rates appeared far higher than the national 2010 Healthy People target of 1 case per 100,000 popula- tion. The majority (76%) of these cases were Black males between 20 to 64 years of age.
Food-related diseases are typically under-reported. It is likely that many more cases occurred from 1999 to 2003 than were actually reported to health officials.
Community Health Profiles 1999-2003
14 The Health of Sunnyside Super Neighborhood
Regulated Facilities The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) administer programs which monitor and regulate facilities with the potential to release significant amounts of hazardous chemicals to the environment. Within one mile of Sunnyside, there are 8 Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) reporting facilities, 3 Large Quantity Generators (LQG) of hazardous waste, 2 major dischargers of air pollutants, and 1 facility which treats, stores, or disposes of hazardous waste. These facilities are regulated under one or more of the following federal statutes: the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA), the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
(CERCLA), the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), the Clean Air Act, and the Clean Water Act. The EPA provides reports concerning federally regu- lated facilities through an online application called Envi- rofacts (www.epa.gov/enviro/ index.html).
Environmental Health and Safety
Chemical emissions and waste released into the air, soil, and water can affect everyone. Knowing the locations and types of potential polluters allows residents to better monitor the environmental impact on their communities.
Type of Regulated Facility Houston
Count Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) Facilities (all reporting years)
302
Major Storm Water Runoff Facilities 56 Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, or Disposal (TSD) Facilities
35
Large Quantity Generators (LQG) of Hazardous Waste
132
Type of Regulated Facility Houston Count
Radioactive Waste Sites 4 Current Superfund Sites 12 Former Superfund Sites 5 Active Landfills 9 Inactive Landfills 2 Closed Landfills 18
Major Dischargers of Air Pollutants 71
Data Sources: Environmental Protection Agency; Texas Commission on Environmental Quality
Community Health Profiles 1999-2003
The Health of Sunnyside Super Neighborhood 15
HIV/AIDS HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) attacks the immune system and can progress to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV is primarily transmitted through unprotected sex or sharing needles with someone infected with the virus. It can also be transmitted from mother to child before or during birth and from breast milk. Many of those infected are unaware of their HIV status, and therefore can transmit the disease unknowingly.
Data Source: HDHHS, Bureau of Epidemiology
HIV Risk Factors, 1999-2003
Sixty percent of new HIV infections occurred in males in Sunnyside. In nearly one quarter of all reported cases, the mode of transmis- sion was unknown. Forty percent of cases reported hetero-sexual contact; 19% re- ported male-to-male sex; 14% reported IV drug use. Male-to-male sex and IV drug use was reported in 5% of new cases.
Rates of New HIV Diagnosis by Zip Code*, 1999-2003
The annual average rates of new HIV diag- nosis in zip codes 77021, 77033, and 77051, which overlap Sunnyside, were each higher than those of most other zip codes in the city.
New HIV Diagnosis Rate, 1999-2003 The annual average rate of new HIV diagnosis in the combined zip codes 77021, 77033, and 77051 (which include Sunnyside) was 70% higher than the Houston-wide rate during the period; it was far above the 2010 Healthy People goal of reducing infections to less than 1 new case per 100,000 population.
63.3
107.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Houston ZIP codes 77021, 77033, 77051
Healthy People 2010 Goal:
1 new HIV caseC as
es p
er 1
00 ,0
00 p
op ul
at io
n
Hetero- sexual
Contact 40%
IV Drug Use 14%
Male to Male Sex & IV Drug Use
5% Male to
Male Sex 19%
Mother w/ HIV Risk
<1%
Other/ Unknown
22%
* Rates are calculated only for those zip codes that lie predominantly within the boundaries of the city of Houston.
Community Health Profiles 1999-2003
16 The Health of Sunnyside Super Neighborhood
Gonorrhea Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by bacteria. If untreated, it can cause serious and permanent health problems in both women and men. It also places infected persons at greater risk for HIV. Though rare, it can result in death if untreated.
New Gonorrhea Infection in Sunnyside,1999-2003
The annual average rate of new gonorrhea cases in Sunnyside was more than four times that of Houston; both rates were much greater than the 2010 Healthy People goal of less than 19 cases per 100,000 popula- tion.
Data Source: HDHHS, Bureau of Epidemiology
Gonorrhea infection by Age, Sex, Race/Ethnicity
Blacks, who represent 93% of Sunnyside residents, ac- counted for 96% of new cases. Slightly more than half (52%) of all cases occurred in males, and persons aged 20- 29 years were the most affected age group.
Rates of Gonorrhea Infection by Super Neighborhood, 1999-2003
Sunnyside was among those super neighborhoods with the highest annual av- erage rates of infection in the city.
19 yrs and younger
31%
30-49 yrs old
22%
50 yrs and older 2%
20-29 yrs old
45%
701
167
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Sunnyside Houston
Healthy People 2010 Goal:
<19
C as
es p
er 1
00 ,0
00 p
op ul
at io
n
Community Health Profiles 1999-2003
The Health of Sunnyside Super Neighborhood 17
Syphilis Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) and is passed from person to person through direct contact with a syphilis sore. Sores occur mainly on the external genitals, vagina, anus, or in the rectum. Transmission occurs due to unprotected sex. The sores may also occur in lips and mouth. Untreated syphilis can progress into more serious conditions affecting the nervous sys- tem, heart and other organs, seriously impairing health.
Rates of New Syphilis Infection, 1999-2003
The annual average rate of new syphilis infection in Sunnyside was more than three times the Houston rate, and more than 500 times the Healthy People 2010 goal.
Syphilis Cases by Age, Sex, Race/Ethnicity
From 1999 to 2003, 88% of new cases in Sunnyside occurred among Blacks. Adult males and females were almost equally af- fected by syphilis (males accounted for 47% of new cases, females 53%). The distribu- tion among other race groups ranged from 3-5%. Thirty to forty-nine year olds were the most affected age group.
Data Source: HDHHS Bureau of Epidemiology
19 yrs and younger
11%
20-29 yrs old 19%
30-49 yrs old 53%
50 yrs and older 17%
Rates of Syphilis by Super Neighborhood, 1999-2003
Sunnyside was among the neighborhoods with the highest annual average rates of syphilis in the city.
116.3
38.0
0 20 40 60 80
100 120 140
Sunnyside Houston
Healthy People 2010 Goal:
<0.2
C as
es p
er 1
00 ,0
00 p
op ul
at io
n
Community Health Profiles 1999-2003
18 The Health of Sunnyside Super Neighborhood
Chlamydia Chlamydia is the most frequently reported sexually transmitted disease (STD) in the nation. Women are more commonly screened for the infection than are men, and those 15 to 24 years of age appear to be the most af- fected, nation-wide. The symptoms are usually mild and not easily recog- nized, causing many with the infection not to seek treatment. If untreated, chlamydia can cause infertility in women.
Chlamydia Infection By Age, Sex, and Race/Ethnicity, 1999-2003
In Sunnyside, 88% of all new cases were Black. Ninety- three percent of new infection occurred in those 29 years of age and younger. The majority (88%) of new cases were female.
Rates of Chlamydia, 1999-2003
The annual average rate of chlamydia infec- tion in Sunnyside was 823 per 100,000 popu- lation, three times the Houston rate. The age- specific rates for Black and Hispanic females 15-24 years of age were both higher than those for their cohorts, citywide.
Data Source: HDHHS Bureau of Epidemiology
Black 88%
Hispanic 3%
Asian 1%
W hite 1%
Other 7%
Rates of Chlamydia by Super Neighborhood, 1999-2003 Sunnyside was among the neighborhoods with the highest annual average rates of infection in the city.
8187 7241
823 285
1651
4621
0
1,000
2,000 3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000 7,000
8,000
9,000
15-24 year old Black females
15-24 year old Hispanic females
All Race Groups
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Sunnyside Houston
Community Health Profiles 1999-2003
The Health of Sunnyside Super Neighborhood 19
Community Health Profiles Community-specific public health profiles on medically-underserved areas and the 88 super neighborhoods of Houston are available from the Houston Department of Health and Human Services at www.houstontx.gov/health. Re- ports can also be requested by e-mail at we- badmin@cityofhouston.net, or by writing to: Community Health Statistics Office of Surveillance & Public Health Preparedness Houston Department of Health and Human Services 8000 N. Stadium Dr., 4th floor Houston, Texas 77054
City of Houston Department of Health and Human Services
Stephen L. Williams, M.Ed., M.P.A. Director
Community Health Profiles
Produced by Community Health Statistics Office of Surveillance and Public Health Preparedness
Raouf Arafat, M.D., M.P.H. Assistant Director Mark Perry, M.P.H. Editor
Technical Notes The Community Health Profiles Project attempts to provide the most recent statistical information avail- able on the health of communities. The 1999-2003 series represents a “baseline” against which changes in the health indicators of communities can be evaluated over time. Data used to compile this profile are derived from a variety of sources — local, state, and national. These data sources may col- lect information on different cycles and therefore gaps in available years of data may be observed within a single profile. Except where noted otherwise, rates are calculated using 2000 census data for each community, includ- ing age, race, and sex distributions. Agreement between race/ethnicity classifications in the data used in this report and those derived from the census is imperfect; disease registries do not uniformly capture ethnicity along with race and categories of “Black”, “White,” “Asian,” and “Other” may overlap with “Hispanic” ethnicity. Despite potential overlap, in this profile, “Black” is meant as “non-Hispanic Black,” “White” as “non-Hispanic White,” and “Hispanic” as being persons of any race and of Hispanic/Latino culture and origin. The profiles group a range of years of data and present them, where most appropri- ate, as annual average incidence of the indicator. If the total number of events is less than five, the as- sociated rate is considered unreliable and is not reported; however for Leading Causes of Death, the minimum number of deaths for reporting age-adjusted rates is set at 25. Statistics presented in profiles of super neighborhoods, medically-underserved areas (MUAs), and other geographies are based upon successful geocoding of the residence of individual cases within the boundaries of those geographic entities. The denominator in all cases is the year 2000 census, as the estimated “average” population for each year of the analysis period. Background Houston rates and Healthy People 2010 goals have been used for most indicators as a standard for comparison. Mortality data: Mortality data have been obtained at the address level from the Texas Department of State Health Services for 1999-2003. The YPLL statistics are computed using 65 years of age as the end point. Crime data: Data for 1999-2003 have been acquired from the Houston Police Department at the address level of the site of the incident. HIV/AIDS data: As of this report, data were only available at the zip code level. Other notes Data for a number of additional indicators considered important for a community’s assessment of its health and health planning efforts were not available at the time of printing of this document. These indi- cators, including various injury indicators, and more community-specific behavioral data are being col- lected or researched for potential inclusion in the future published version of this report.
About Community Health Statistics (CHS)
Community Health Statistics (CHS) is a program within the divi- sion of the Office of Surveillance and Public Health Preparedness of the Houston Department of Health and Human Services (HDHHS). It is comprised of epidemiologists, statisticians, and GIS analysts who acquire data through collaboration with multi- ple partners within and outside the department for analysis, inter- pretation, and sharing of information on local health issues. Our mission is to serve the needs of HDHHS, and the needs of the scientific community, and general public as a resource for data and information on the indicators and the determinants of the health and well-being of geographically-defined communities, as well as of other distinct population groups within the city of Houston, Texas.