Linguistic grammar homework.
I. ADJECTIVE PHRASE ADJUNCTS
A. Examples
B. Properties: Movement, Position
II. CLAUSAL ADJUNCTS
A. Infinitival clauses
B. Participial clauses
I. ADJECTIVE PHRASE ADJUNCTS
A. Examples
I. ADJECTIVE PHRASE ADJUNCTS
A. Examples
1. Complement APs :
I. ADJECTIVE PHRASE ADJUNCTS
A. Examples
1. Complement APs:
The students were all intelligent.
This idea seems foolish.
Abdul considered the movie excellent.
That will make Arnie happy.
I. ADJECTIVE PHRASE ADJUNCTS
A. Examples
1. Complement APs:
The students were all intelligent.
This idea seems foolish.
Abdul considered the movie excellent.
That will make Arnie happy.
(These Adjective Phrases are Subjective or Objective complements.)
A. Examples
2. ADJUNCT APs :
A. Examples
2. ADJUNCT APs :
Ellen stayed home, sick with the flu.
The morning progressed, cloudy and cold.
B. Properties: Movement
B. Properties: Movement :
Recall that adjuncts can be moved to
the beginning of the clause.
B. Properties- Movement :
*Intelligent the students all were.
B. Properties– Movement :
*Intelligent the students all were.
*Happy that will make Arnie.
B. Properties-- (1) Movement :
*Intelligent the students all were.
*Happy that will make Arnie.
Sick with the flu, Ellen stayed home.
B. Properties-- (1) Movement :
*Intelligent the students all were.
*Happy that will make Arnie !
Sick with the flu, Ellen stayed home.
Cloudy and wet, the morning progressed.
B. Properties--(2) Position :
B. Properties: Position
Recall that adjuncts cannot appear between a head and its complement.
B. Properties--(2) Position :
*Abdul considered excellent the movie.
B. Properties--(2) Position :
*Abdul considered excellent the movie.
Should this be grammatical?
It is an objective complement.
B. Properties--(2) Position :
*Abdul considered excellent the movie.
Should this be grammatical?
It is an objective complement.
However, a separate rule of English makes it impossible:
B. Properties--(2) Position :
*Abdul considered excellent the movie.
Should this be grammatical?
It is an objective complement.
However, a separate rule of English makes it impossible:
V-NP adjacency.
B. Properties--(2) Position :
*Abdul considered excellent the movie.
*That will make happy Arnie.
I. ADJECTIVE PHRASE ADJUNCTS: Summary
I. ADJECTIVE PHRASE ADJUNCTS: Summary
A. Examples
B. Properties:
1. Adjectival Adjuncts can move to
the beginning of the clause.
2. Adjectival Adjuncts cannot
appear between the head and
its complement.
II. CLAUSAL ADJUNCTS
A. Infinitival clauses: EXAMPLES
II. CLAUSAL ADJUNCTS
A. Infinitival clauses; Examples
1. Complements:
John tried to learn Japanese.
Hortense prefers for Sue to leave.
II. CLAUSAL ADJUNCTS
A. Infinitival clauses; Examples
1. Complements:
John tried to learn Japanese.
Hortense prefers for Sue to leave.
2. Adjuncts :
John studied to learn Japanese.
Esther went home to cook dinner.
II. CLAUSAL ADJUNCTS
B. Properties: (1) Movement :
II. CLAUSAL ADJUNCTS
B. Properties: (1) Movement :
*To learn Japanese John tried.
II. CLAUSAL ADJUNCTS
B. Properties: (1) Movement :
*To learn Japanese John tried.
*For Sue to leave Hortense prefers.
II. CLAUSAL ADJUNCTS
B. Properties: (1) Movement :
*To learn Japanese John tried.
*For Sue to leave Hortense prefers.
To learn Japanese, John studied.
II. CLAUSAL ADJUNCTS
B. Properties: (1) Movement :
*To learn Japanese John tried.
*For Sue to leave Hortense prefers.
To learn Japanese, John studied.
To cook dinner, Esther went home.
B. Properties--(2) Position :
B. Properties--(2) Position :
Esther went home to cook dinner.
*Esther went to cook dinner home.
John studied French (in order) to meet
new friends.
*John studied (in order) to meet new friends French.
B. Participial Clause Adjuncts
B. Participial Clause Adjuncts
Examples:
Complements:
Carmen started the fish baking.
Helen couldn't picture her sister dancing.
Adjuncts :
Carmen made a salad, the fish baking.
Helen played a polka, her sister dancing.
Movement:
Movement:
*The fish baking Carmen started.
*Her sister dancing Helen couldn't picture.
The fish baking, Carmen made a salad.
Her sister dancing, Helen played a polka.
Position:
Position:
*Carmen made the fish baking a salad
Position:
*Carmen made the fish baking a salad
*Helen played her sister dancing a polka.
- CLAUSAL ADJUNCTS: Summary
II. CLAUSAL ADJUNCTS: Summary
A. Infinitival clauses: behave
like other adjuncts with
respect to movement
and position.
II. CLAUSAL ADJUNCTS: Summary
A. Infinitival clauses: behave
like other adjuncts with
respect to movement
and position.
B. Participial clauses: Same.
TREE PRACTICE
The student focused on their work on the park benches.
PRACTICE 2
(2) The student needed to finish their homework to be able to watch TV.
PRACTICE 3
(3) So observant and thoughtful, the student considered the instructor quite remarkable.