Summary About articles

Class 2: Intro to

Disability and Society

Tonight’s Agenda

⬗ Announcements & Assignments ⬗ Intro to Disability and Society ⬗ Guest Speaker: Jacqueline Jackson

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1. Announcements

& Assignments

Top Hat

⬗ Add codes found on syllabus ⬗ Top Hat must match name on Blackboard ⬗ Questions not worth any points this week ⬗ Problems with Top Hat? Contact Top Hat ⬗ Make sure your RedID is listed

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Missed the First Day of Class?

Watch the Lecture Recording found on Blackboard.

Assignment #1: All About Me

This is a chance to share with us about your story, culture, and experience with disability. Full assignment description is on Blackboard.

Due: Sunday, Feb. 10th by 11:59 PM

Must follow directions for full credit.

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Assignment #5: Disability Culture Plunge

Students are required to plunge into a disability culture that is new and unfamiliar to them. Meant to be fun!

⬗ Due: May 12th by 11:59 PM ⬗ Must include pictures of you at

the activity ⬗ Email us with opportunities not

listed on Blackboard

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Deaf Coffee Night

Location: Coffee Bean & Tea Leaf

Mission Valley

Time: Every Friday @7 PM-Closing

Bring paper and pen to help you communicate!

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SASC Advocates

Location: Capulli 3rd Floor Suite 3201

Well Being and Health Promotion Conference Room

3201 (Temporarily) Starting Feb. 15th will be in

SASC Conference Room Time:

Every Friday @11am

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Beyond Awareness Celebration

⬗ Learn about diversity at its finest along with the students of McMillin Elementary

⬗ “Speed dating” with a bunch of influencers in the disability community ⬗ Like a mini GS420

Thursday, February 7th 8 am - 2:30 pm

McMillin Elementary School 1201 Santa Cora Avenue, Chula Vista 91913

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McMillin Elementary School ASL Club

Every Thursday after school, 2:30 - 4:00 pm (except minimum days) ⬗ Learn American Sign Language along with children ⬗ Come early to avoid traffic ⬗ Check in at front office ⬗ Ask for ASL Club/ Ms. Carson

Must sign up in advance in GS420 class. Limited to 10 SDSU students per week.

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Lex Gillette

Opportunity to support Paralympic gold medalist

with social media campaign

See Blackboard for details.

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Welcome Jacqueline Jackson

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Intro to Disability & Society

Fundamentals to get you through the course.

Tonight’s Learning Objectives

⬗ Identify the different ways disability is defined ⬗ Distinguish between:

a. Visible and invisible disabilities b. Acquired and congenital disabilities c. Different disability models

⬗ Know the prevalence of disability

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Review from Last Week

Agency & Ableism

What do you remember about these two things discussed last week?

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Disability Defined Different meanings for different people and different contexts.

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?

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Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) Definition:

A physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities.

Medical Definition

Any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity

in a manner or within the range considered “normal”

for a human being.

⬗ An impairment or defect of one or more organs

or members.

⬗ Reflects the consequences of impairment in

terms of functional performance and activity

by the person

Source: MediLexicon/ International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and

Handicaps (World Health Organization)

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World Health Organization (WHO) Definition

Disability is a complex phenomenon, reflecting an interaction between features of a person's body and features of the society in which he or she lives.

An umbrella term covering:

- Impairments - Activity limitations, - Participation restrictions,

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Impairment vs. Disability

Impairment: The state of being diminished, weakened, or damaged, especially mentally or physically. This term is used in a medical context of disability.

Disability: Used interchangeably with impairment. However, “disability” is considered an experience that combines one’s physical or mental impairment status along with society’s response to that status.

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Congenital Developed before and/or present at birth

Types of Disabilities

Acquired Developed during the course of one’s life. Can happen at any time through illness, disease or injury

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Disability Visibility

Invisible Only identified when an individual self-discloses; not observed through physical characteristics or observations

Visible Identifiable by physical or behavioral characteristics and or assistive technology used by an individual

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Factors that Influence Perceptions of Disability

Individually ⬗ Congenital ⬗ Acquired ⬗ Age Acquired ⬗ Visible ⬗ Invisible ⬗ Sense of Loss / Gain ⬗ Pain ⬗ Imminence of Death

Societally ⬗ Access (environmental,

educational, medical, financial, etc.)

⬗ Assistive Technology ⬗ Accommodations ⬗ Culture ⬗ Rights

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Why is Disability Relevant?

Different meanings for different people and different contexts.

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15% Of the world’s population experience disability

Citation: World Health Organization, World Report on Disability (2011)

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We are here!

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Approx 1 Billion People Worldwide!

• Physical Barriers • Attitudinal Barriers • Independent Living • Employment • Education • Poverty • Discrimination • Exclusion

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Issues Faced by the Disability Community

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Models of Disability

Medical Model | Social Model

Other Models

Medical Model

⬗ Disability as a result of medical limitations/impairments

⬗ Aka Biological Inferiority or Functional Limitation Model

⬗ Focuses on what is “lacking” in the person and “abnormality”

⬗ Aims to cure people

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http://www.nickscrusade.org/the-social-vs-medical-model-commu nities-have-to-choose/

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Medical Model Critiques

⬗ Paternalistic perspective ⬗ Many in the disability community reject the idea that they

are “broken” and need curing ⬗ Imposes discrimination in the workplace by focusing on the

impairment ⬗ Reinforces exclusion & institutionalization ⬗ Places responsibility or blame on the individual without

acknowledging society’s role in disabling

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Social Model

⬗ "The loss or limitation of opportunities to take part in the normal life of the community on an equal level with others, due to physical or social barriers." -Disabled Peoples’ International

⬗ Shifts responsibility from the individual to society

⬗ If society was accessible, then impairments wouldn’t be as disabling

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Disabling vs. “Impairments” Examples

I have a vision impairment, but I am disabled by outdated public facilities

such as visual cues at crosswalks, lack of public transportation, lack of

books on tape or in Braille.

I have autism, but I am disabled by limited opportunities to make choices, and people who don’t appreciate me for who I am.

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Disabling vs. “Impairments” Examples

I have a mobility disability, but I am disabled by lack of

accessibility features in my community (curb cuts, ramps,

elevators, etc).

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I have a “learning disability,” but I am disabled by poor teacher

training and resources, lack of creative and supportive

accommodations, and devaluing attitudes from peers and educators.

Tragedy Charity Model

⬗ Highlights people as victims of disability

⬗ Used for fundraising purposes

⬗ Focuses on “fixing” ⬗ Patronizing ⬗ Not empowering

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⬗ Portrays people with disabilities as someone to look up to solely based on their disability status

⬗ Reduces people who experience disability to inspirations, thus objectifying and dehumanizing them

⬗ Used to make those who do not experience disability to feel better about themselves or their experience

⬗ Fails to recognize society’s role in disabling people in the first place!

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Inspiration Porn

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Inspiration porn is when disabled people are called inspirational or brave for doing all the things that regular people do. It’s a problem

because it assumes that anyone with a disability must have it so much worse than the rest of us. And because it uses disabled people to make us non-disabled people feel

good about ourselves, or to make us do something, like exercise or whatever. And

disabled people aren’t tools. They’re people.

- Stella Young

Inspiration Porn Examples

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Religious Moral Model

- Something is intrinsically wrong with you

- Views disability as a punishment or curse

- The result of misdemeanors in previous reincarnation

- Sees disability as the presence of “evil spirit”

- “Infliction” of disability by God will lead to a spiritual reward

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Human Variability Model

⬗ Physical and mental attributes do not match the present (but not the potential) ability of social institutions to accommodate those attributes.

⬗ Questions assumptions about normality ⬗ Embraces human diversity/variation ⬗ Strategizes toward policy changes that build on human variation to

eliminate disability oppression.

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What is Normal?

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See You Next Week! Topic: History & Legislation

Presentation design

Disability as a Human Variation http://www.accesspress.org/blog/2000/09/10/disability-as-a-human-variation/

This presentation uses the following typographies and colors: ⬗ Titles: Vidaloka ⬗ Body copy: Tinos

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⬗ Light brown #9e7c59 · Dark brown #473d37

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