Assignment 209

Moh-993
Sample.docx

Rawan alfahad

0014892

The joker movie: when jokes becomes tragedy

TT: Abstract

1) General overview of the movie:

As a director Todd Phillips gained a huge success after his comedy film the Hangover. After this movie he decided to throw himself into the world of criminality and mental illness as for his next new movie. Just after three days when the movie released Todd Phillips earned almost twice his budget.

فيلم الجوكر: حين تكون النكت تراجيدية

ST:

نبذة عامة عن الفيلم

بعد نجاحه الكبير كمخرج لفيلم ذي هانغوفر الكوميدي، إرتمى تود فيليبس هذه المرة في عالم الجريمة والأمراض النفسية لإخراج فيلمه الجديد الذي لم يمر على إصداره سوى ثلاثة أيام محققا أرباحا تعادل تقريبا ضعف ميزانيته

2) The movie was officially titled as the joker. The movie is about crime and psychological effects which is expressed more on the camera doing rather than talking. The movie was filmed in New York City, New Jersey, Gotham City and Brooklyn. The movie deals with cases that appeared in a period of time especially in the early eighties, such as the minor scene of the movie when a comedian failed at his job to make people laugh so he turns into a sadistic and nihilistic killer which made him an ecstatic killer

الفيلم الجديد ورد رسميا تحت إسم الجوكر يتناول موضوع الجريمة والإثارة النفسية التي تعبر فيها وحدها الكاميرا عن الحوار أكثر من الكلام

.. هذا الفيلم تم تصويره في مدينة نيويورك 

ونيوجرسي وغوثام وبروكلاين، معالجا عدة أحداث طرأت في حقبة زمنية متمثلة في بداية الثمانينات، كأحداث ثانوية للقصة الرئيسية التي موضوعها فشل ممثل كوميدي في الاستمرار في عمله متحولا بذلك إلى سفاح عدمي وسادي يشعر بالنشوة عند القتل.

3) They didn’t want to fall into the trap so they decided to choose the star Joaquin Phoenix over Leonardo DiCaprio

دور البطولة تم إسناده إلى العملاق خواكين فينيكس بعد أن كان متجها نحو ليوناردو دي كابريو، وهذا أول فخ تم تجاوزه بسلام

4) Both of the directors Todd Philips and Scott Silver decided to make the scenario perfect with a position of watch maker. In the year 2017 both of the directors spent their time searching for effects that go back to 70’s and 80’s vibes such as cars, buildings, songs, clothes and politics just to make the scenario precisely perfect.

السيناريو تمت حبكته بدقة صانع الساعات من قبل المخرج تود فيليبس بالشراكة مع سكوت سيلفر وقد أمضيا كل سنة 2017 في البحث والتفكير في المؤثرات والمؤثثات وعالم السبعينات والثمانينات وإسترجاع الماضي بمبانيه وسياراته وأغانيه وملابسه وسياساته

5) The producing company, Warner Brothers, announced that the Joker would be the beginning of a series of independent films of the same genre

الشركة المنتجة ورنر براذرز أعلنت على أن فيلم الجوكر سيكون بداية لسلسلة من الأفلام المستقلة تنتمي إلى نفس النوع.

دور البطولة:

Casting

6) Phoenix played the role of Arthur Fleck who is the joker. The joker was a poor comedian who works at a show company that is about to go bankrupt. The company pays him not enough salary which he spend it on his mom that lives with him in the apartment.

تقمص فينيكس شخصية الجوكر الذي يدعى آرثر فليك، وهو ممثل كوميدي فقير يشتغل في شركة عروض تكاد تعلن إفلاسها، يتقاضى راتبا بسيطا لا يفي بالغرض مقابل إنفاقه على والدته التي تقيم معه في شقة صغيرة

7) Joaquin Phoenix was so ready to film the movie, he lost 25 kilos of his actual weight so that he would look thin, this is due to his routine, exhaustion, overthinking and financial problems. Joaquin Phoenix wants to be the character which is the joker so he decided to look at videos that are related to Pseudobulbar affect (PBA) and political assassination which will help him to understand the usual motive for serial killing.

خواكين فينيكس في الحقيقة استعد لتصوير الفيلم بطريقة أسطورية متمثلة في تخلصه من 25 كيلوغراما من وزنه ليظهر نحيفا جراء الرتابة والإرهاق والتفكير وقلة ذات اليد، وشاهد فيديوات عن مرضى الهوس الضاحك واطلع على الاغتيالات السياسية ليفهم خواطر القتلة ودوافعهم إلى القتل ليكون بذلك متقمصا شخصيته على أكمل وجه.

8) The actor Joaquin Phoenix who is going to be 45 by the end of October he considered to be one of the best actors in this generation at imitating other character role. There are also other actors who are good at copying the character role such as Will Smith in Hancock, Al Pacino in The Godfather and Evan Rachel in barefoot. Evan Rachel was actually infected with a cleft lip in reality, cleft lip is a result of abnormal growth that appears on the child’s face during pregnancy, and it is also a type of congenital deformity.

لممثل خواكين فينيكس الذي سيتم الخمس وأربعين سنة في أواخر شهر أكتوبر-تشرين الأول، كان ممتازا في أداءه هذا والذي يعد حقيقة من بعض فلتات العصر من حيث انصهاره في أبعاد الشخصية مثله مثل ويل سميث في هانكوك أو آلباتشينو في العرّاب أو إيفان

راشيل في بايرفوت

. هو ممثل مصاب في الحقيقة بفلح الشفة

وهو أحد الأنواع المتعددة للتشوه الخلقي الناجمة عن النمو غير الطبيعي في وجه الطفل أثناء فترة الحمل

.

9) This deformation made Joaquin feel different than others and this is what he wants as an actor. Todd Philips director and screenwriter didn’t want to reveal the joker’s character or even a glimpse of it only when the time is right, so that the viewer rejects the idea that the trivial and unlucky clown is the joker.

Joaquin Phoenix won the role of Arthur Fleck six dead and the Golden Lion Awards for best actor at the Venice Film Festival

هذا التشوه ساهم في منح خواكين صبغة الاختلاف عن الناس أو وهذا ما أراده هو كفنان وتود فيليبس كمخرج وكاتب سيناريو من عدم الكشف عن شخصية الجوكر أو حتى التلميح لها إلا في الوقت المناسب، حيث يستبعد المشاهد فكرة أن المهرج التافه وسيء الحظ هو الجوكر السادي.

حصد خواكين فينيكس عن دوره آرثر فليك ستة قتلى وجائزة الأسد الذهبي لأحسن ممثل في مهرجان فينيسيا السينمائي.

Plot القصة:

10) The movie begins with a relatively silent scene when Arthur Fleck sits alone in front of a mirror and he puts his two fingers on his mouth posing sad and smiley face, declaring his psychological struggle as something obvious his psychological issue is what the movie is all about. One day, when he was practicing something on the street which is related to his job as a clown he was kidnaped by a bunch of teenagers who took his sign that he was holding, which is belonged to the musician Kenny who played piano on the street. Arthur chased them until he end up in a narrow alley where he was attacked and his wooden sign got broken.

بدأ الفيلم بمشهد صامت نسبيا يكون فيه آرثر فليك منفردا بنفسه أمام المرآة، يحرك فمه بإصبعيه متنقلا بين تقاسيم الفرح والحزن، معلنا عن الإثارة النفسية كموضوع للفيلم في أقوى تجلياتها. وفي أحد الأيام وحين كان يمارس مهنة التهريج في الشوارع، خطف بعض المراهقين منه لافتة يشتغل بها وتعود ملكيتها إلى موسيقى كيني أو الرجل الذي يعزف على البيانو في الشوارع، قام آرثر بمطاردتهم حتى انتهى به المطاف في زقاق ضيق حيث إنهالت عليه الركلات من كل جانب وصوب وتم كسر لافتته الخشبية.

11) Arthur Fleck who is affected with Pseudobulbar disorder which is non-stop laughter owns a medical card as a prove to his condition so that when people gets bothered by the way he laughs he would bring out his card as an evidence to his issue. He starts his medical appointments searching for medicine after his stay in the asylum. Arthur was spiteful about the outside world because they treated him cruelly, with hurtful words and rejection. They will not show any mercy, sympathy, love, kindness and affection.

ارثر فليك شاب مصاب بمرض الهوس الضاحك وله بطاقة طبية تثبت ذلك يقدمها لكل من يشعر بالقلق من نوبات الضحك التي تصيبه أحيانا. يباشر مواعيده الطبية باحثا عن الأدوية هذا بعد إقامته في مستشفى المجانين. كان آرثر حتى عبر نظراته حاقدا على العالم الخارجي الذي يتصرف معه بحدة وغباء، لا شفقة ولا رحمة للناس ولا عطف ولا رفق ولا حنان، فقط كلام جارح ونبذ وبرود.

12) One day his colleague Gary apologized about what happened with him with the teenagers in the ally. Gary wants to make sure that he is safe so he gave him a gun with some pullets and told him that Hoyt lessor wants to see him. Arthur enters Hoyt’s office with respect Hoyt didn’t even let author sit in his office. He asked him to return the sign to his owner, or otherwise deduct its value from his salary.

ذات يوم عبر له زميله في العمل غاري عن أسفه لما حدث له مع المراهقين في الزقاق، وقدم له مسدسا وبعض الرصاصات قصد توفير الحماية لنفسه، وأخبره أن المؤجر هويت يريد مقابلته. دخل آرثر بكل تلقائية مكتب هويت الذي لم يسمح له حتى بالجلوس، حيث طلب منه إعادة اللافتة لمالكها وإلا فإنه سيخصم ثمنها من راتبه.

13) So after few days when he was helping his mom Penny Fleck whom Frances Conroy played this role, they had a discussion over some issues that they had such as bad incomes and the messages that she sent to Thomas Wayne’s family whom she used to work for. And now she is searching for help under the pretext of Mr. Thomas Wayne that he is a good man and he deserves to be titled as the mayor of Gotham city which he intends to win. Arthur told his mom to forget only about the money and that he is going to start to present his work in different fields

بعد أيام وحين كان آرثر يساعد والدته بيني فليك التي قامت الممثلة فرانسيس كونروي بأداء هذا الدور، دار حديث بينهما حول الظروف المادية الصعبة وحول الرسائل التي أرسلتها لعائلة توماس وين التي إشتغلت عندها لفترة طويلة، باحثة الآن عن المساعدة بتعلة أن السيد توماس واين رجل صالح ويستحق لقب عمدة مدينة غوثام الذي ينوي الفوز به. أخبر آرثر أمه أن تنسى أمر المال فقط لأنه سيبدأ في عرض أعماله في أماكن متعددة

The source text is فيلم الجوكر: حين تكون النكت تراجيدية it’s an online article written by وسام عجنقي. The text is about the joker’s movie and it goes in details with the movie overview, casting and plot. The ST is in Arabic and in the text it goes step by step in explaining the general over view of the movie which is a little glimpse of what is the movie about then after that is the casting, in this part the writer writes about the play role of the characters but the writes focuses more on Joaquin Phoenix who played the joker. The plot is about all the main actions that happened in the movie for instance, his condition and how his condition affects others. The joker never liked the outside world because people always treats him cruelly they never understand his condition, his attitude changed because of people, he became a murderer. In the TT I tried to not look over the literal meaning in some paragraph but to understand the meaning of the text more than the literal meaning so that I can transfer the information to the receptor more clearly.

The translation strategy that best suits the translation is target-oriented. Because there are some terms that can’t be translated literally such as idioms, expressions and phrases. It is really important to transfer the meaning to the TT receptor so that the text can be understood by the TT audience and that they will not have any difficulties while reading the text I have also referred to the dynamic equivalence translation that is by Eugene Nida which is one of his translation approaches. “Nida and Taber write that translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language “the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.”” (Adrian, 2010). Furthermore, Nida and Taber also claimed that Translation can be defined as ““the reproduction in a receptor language of the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning, and second in terms of style” Nida and Taber state that dynamic equivalence is to be defined in terms of the degree to which the receptors of the message in the receptor language respond to it in substantially the same manner as the receptors in the source language” (Adrian, 2010). The dynamic equivalence translation is mainly focuses on the general meaning of the text itself so it is a sense for sense translation which is meaning and not a word for word translation “The most important thing in translating is the message received by the audience. Messages that are significant in both form and content need not only to be understood but also to be appreciated. And only when the translator could state the original features, he can achieve “dynamic equivalence”, which stressed the importance of transferring meaning, not grammatical form.

” (zoe, 2013). The text was focused more on equivalence translation more than literal but there are some words that are translated literally.

The problems I had with the source text is rendering the ST to match the TT in all forms which are cultural and grammatical. In translation when it comes to rendering the ST to TT the main thing is to provide the meaning and the sentence structure and to provide that I used online resources such as Reverso, ejtaal and الباحث العربي .

The local strategies that is by Vinay and Dalbernet and Mona Baker I used direct translation (literal translation) and oblique translation (transposition, modulation and equivalence translation). Literal translation is translating the ST to TT without any changes it is a word for word translation. While on the other hand oblique translation is used when “the source language cannot be translated to the target language without altering the grammatical structure or style” (Claudia, 2016). Transposition is “characterized because it works at a grammatical level and it consists of the replacement of a word class by another word class without changing the meaning” (Claudia, 2016) .  Modulation “comprises the use of a phrase that is different in the source and target languages to convey the same idea. This is commonly used when the translation of a phrase from one language to another is awkward” (Claudia, 2016) equivalence translation is when “translating difficult phrases such as idioms, the translator needs to understand the meaning behind the idiom” (Claudia, 2016). For Mona Baker strategies I have opted to use (omission, and translation by a more neutral/less expressive words) omission for instance, is to leave off any extras in the ST, translation by a more neutral/less expressive words is when we replace a word from ST to TT into a more neutral word.

For the 1st line, I translated إرتمى تود فيليبس هذه المرة في عالم الجريمة والأمراض النفسية لإخراج”

“فيلمه الجديد as “throw himself into the world of criminality and mental” here I opted to use oblique translation which is (equivalence translation) to translate ارتمي to throw himself into which is collocation verb + pronoun followed by a preposition. As for the second line, I translated الفيلم الجديد ورد رسميا تحت إسم الجوكر يتناول موضوع الجريمة والإثارة النفسية التي تعبر فيها”

وحدها الكاميرا عن الحوار أكثر من الكلام into “The movie was officially titled as the joker. The movie is about crime and psychological effects which is expressed more on the camera doing rather than talking.” For this translation I used direct translation (Literal translation). For the 3rd line, I translated دور البطولة تم إسناده إلى العملاق خواكين فينيكس بعد أن كان متجها نحو ليوناردو دي كابريو، وهذا أول فخ تم تجاوزه بسلام into “They didn’t want to fall into the trap so they decided to choose the star Joaquin Phoenix over Leonardo DiCaprio” I translated وهذا أول فخ تم تجاوزه بسلام to fall into the trap, I opted to use equivalence translation to translate an idiom from ST to TT, also in the 3rd line I translated العملاق  to the star here I opted to use transposition translation. In Line 8 I translated راشيل في بايرفوت. هو ممثل مصاب في الحقيقة بفلح الشف

وهو أحد الأنواع المتعددة للتشوه الخلقي الناجمة عن النمو غير الطبيعي في وجه الطفل أثناء فترة الحمل into “Evan Rachel was actually infected with a cleft lip in reality, cleft lip is a result of abnormal growth that appears on the child’s face during pregnancy, and it is also a type of congenital deformity ” I used oblique translation (modulation) I used different structure but the meaning is still there. In the fifth line I translated الشركة المنتجة ورنر براذرز أعلنت على أن فيلم الجوكر سيكون بداية لسلسلة من الأفلام المستقلة تنتمي إلى نفس النوع into “The producing company, Warner Brothers, announced that the Joker would be the beginning of a series of independent films of the same genre” I opted to use direct translation (Literal translation). As for line 8, I opted to use Mona Baker strategy, I have omitted“أواخر شهر أكتوبر-تشرين الأول” to “The end of October”. In line 9, I have translated هذا التشوه ساهم في منح خواكين صبغة الاختلاف عن الناس to “This deformation made Joaquin feel different than others” I translated صبغةto feel I have opted to use Translation by a more neutral/less expressive words strategy which mean replacing a word from ST to TT to a word that is more neutral but the meaning is still there. As for line 10, I have also use a more neutral/less expressive words strategy I have translated قام آرثر بمطاردتهم حتى انتهى به المطاف في زقاق ضيق حيث إنهالت عليه الركلات من كل جانب وصوب وتم كسر لافتته الخشبية to Arthur chased them until he end up in a narrow alley where he was attacked and his wooden sign got broken I translated الركلات to attacked.

In conclusion, I have learned that translation is not an easy process because it requires a good knowledge of both ST and TT to achieve a perfect translation. What I learned the most is that conveying the meaning of the ST to TT is what translation is all about, because it is important to render cultural terms such as expressions and idioms to match the TT. When it comes to translation strategies I think that Mona baker and Vinay and Dalbernet strategies taught me new things that I didn’t know about translation which is really helpful.

Line Number

Source text

Target Text

Commentary

1

إرتمى

throw himself into

I opted to use oblique translation which is (equivalence translation). “Throw himself into” is a collocation verb + pronoun followed by preposition

2

الفيلم الجديد ورد رسميا تحت إسم الجوكر يتناول موضوع الجريمة والإثارة النفسية التي تعبر فيها”

وحدها الكاميرا عن الحوار أكثر من الكلام

The movie was officially titled as the joker. The movie is about crime and psychological effects which is expressed more on the camera doing rather than talking

Literal translation

3

وهذا أول فخ تم تجاوزه بسلام

Didn’t want to fall into trap

I opted to use equivalence translation to translate idioms

3

العملاق

The star

Transposition

5

الشركة المنتجة ورنر براذرز أعلنت على أن فيلم الجوكر سيكون بداية لسلسلة من الأفلام المستقلة تنتمي إلى نفس النوع

The producing company, Warner Brothers, announced that the Joker would be the beginning of a series of independent films of the same genre

Literal translation

8

راشيل في بايرفوت

. هو ممثل مصاب في الحقيقة بفلح الشفة

وهو أحد الأنواع المتعددة للتشوه الخلقي الناجمة عن النمو غير الطبيعي في وجه الطفل أثناء فترة الحمل

Evan Rachel was actually infected with a cleft lip in reality, cleft lip is a result of abnormal growth that appears on the child’s face during pregnancy, and it is also a type of congenital deformity.

I used oblique translation (modulation) I used different structure but the meaning is still there.

8

أواخر شهر أكتوبر-تشرين الأول

The end of October

Omission – Mona baker strategy

9

هذا التشوه ساهم في منح خواكين صبغة الاختلاف عن الناس

This deformation made Joaquin feel different than others

I translated صبغةto feel I have opted to use Translation by a more neutral/less expressive words strategy which mean replacing a word from ST to TT to a word that is more neutral but the meaning is still there

10

قام آرثر بمطاردتهم حتى انتهى به المطاف في زقاق ضيق حيث إنهالت عليه الركلات من كل جانب وصوب وتم كسر لافتته الخشبية

Arthur chased them until he end up in a narrow alley where he was attacked and his wooden sign got broken

I translated الركلات to attacked, by using translation by a more neutral/less expressive words

Reference

Constantinescu, A. (2010). Nida’s Theory of Dynamic Equivalence.

Linguistic & Philosophical Investigations9, 284–289.

Translation Theories – Eugene Nida and Dynamic Equivalence.

(2013, May 15).Retrieved April 25, 2020, from

https://www.ccjk.com/translation-theories-eugene-nida-and-dynamic-equivalence/

Ramirez, C. (2016, December 5). OBLIQUE TRANSLATION

TECHNIQUES. Retrieved April 25, 2020, from

https://translationblog.net/oblique-translation-techniques/