Unit 2
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Author
Class Name
Professor
Date
Title of Paper
The introduction of the paper begins here. Include an introductory paragraph explaining the purpose of the paper, and provide a road map; list the headings to be discussed. For example, this essay will evaluate the sociocultural, technological, economic, environmental, and political-legal environment of Coca-Cola. Additionally, this paper distinguishes fragmented and consolidated industries and the corporation’s structure and culture of internal strengths and weaknesses. Do not use first person pronouns, unless requested, to complete the assignment. A paragraph is comprised of three or more sentences. Do not begin sentences with numbers in numerical format, and do not use contractions in academic writing.
Level One
The syllabus poses several questions and/or topics for essays, which should have level one headings. A paragraph will follow each heading; do not apply a level one heading then a level two heading without a paragraph between explaining the next heading’s topic. Level two headings are necessary if you delve further into subcategories of a topic. For instance, if your syllabus requests you to discuss the socio-cultural environment of Coca-Cola, you may include the following level two headings: beliefs, values, and norms. Format the conclusion heading as a level one heading.
Level Two
Double-space throughout the paper, including the title page, body of the document, and references (see Figure 1). The body of the essay begins on a new page. The title of the paper (capitalize first letter of each word) is centered on the first line in bold. The introduction begins on the line following the paper title. Do not skip lines.
Figure 1
Level Two
Headings are used to organize the document and reflect the relative importance of sections. For example, many empirical research articles utilize Methods, Results, and Discussion as level one headings. In turn, the Method section often has subheadings (level two headings) of Participants, Apparatus, and Procedure. Main headings (level one headings) are centered and boldface with uppercase and lowercase letters (e.g., Methods of Research, Results). Subheadings (level two headings) use flush left, boldface, uppercase and lowercase letters (e.g., Study Participants, Apparatus). Further headings have their own specific format. If more specific headings (Level Three and so forth) are needed, view this post on headings on the APA Style Blog 7th edition.
Level One
Source material must be documented in the body of the paper by citing the author(s) and date of the sources. This is to give proper credit to the ideas and words of others. The reader can obtain the full source citation from the list of references that follows the body of the paper. When the names of the authors of a source are part of the formal structure of the sentence, the year of the publication appears in parenthesis following the identification of the authors, for example, Eby (2001). When the authors of a source are not part of the formal structure of the sentence, both the author(s) and year of publication appear in parentheses (Eby, 2011). When more than one source is used within the same sentence both the authors and years appear in alphabetical order by the first author’s name in parentheses separated by semicolons (Eby & Mitchell, 2001; Passerallo et al., 2000). Note that when using material with three or more authors, the first author’s surname and “et al.” is used (Passerallo et al., 2000).
When a source that has two authors is cited, both authors are cited every time. When a direct quotation is used, always include the author, year, and page or paragraph number as part of the citation. A quotation of fewer than 40 words should be enclosed in double quotation marks and should be incorporated into the formal structure of the sentence. A longer quote of 40 or more words should appear (without quotes) in block format with each line indented 0.5 inch (tab) from the left margin. Material with more than 40 words are formatted in block text. According to Columbia Southern University’s Citation Guide (2018),
In formal writing, block quotations are acceptable, although their use should not be in excess. While block quotes are accepted in formal writing, the use of them in essay responses is not encouraged due to the length of the assignment. Block quotations are indented an additional .5” and double spaced. As previously mentioned [sic], the period is placed before the citation. (p. 7)
Quoted material should be followed with your commentary on the quote. This is the format for a continued paragraph following a block text quotation.
Level One
The references section begins on a new page, and the heading “References” is centered on the first line. The references (with hanging indent – see Figure 2) begin on the line following the references title. Entries are organized alphabetically by surnames of first authors. Most reference entries have four components: author, date, title, and source.
Level Two
Authors are listed in the same order as specified in the source, using surnames and initials. Commas separate all authors.
Level Two
The year of publication is included in parentheses following the authors, with a period following the closing parenthesis. If no publication date is identified, use “n.d.” for “no date” in place of the year of publication.
Level Two
The title section includes the title of the source, such as the article, webpage, book, etc. Some titles of sources may be italicized, and some may not be italicized depending on the type of source.
Level Two
The source includes information that tells where the source can be found. Print source references include such information as the journal title, volume, issue, and pages (for print journal articles) or publisher (for print books). If the source is an electronic source, the URL is included instead of the print option information.
Figure 2
Conclusion
Include a conclusion with a minimum of three sentences. Rephrase the introduction. This paper reviewed proper APA 7th edition formatting standards. The proper format for the reference section follows. Be sure to begin the reference section on the next page, which can be done with a page break [Ctrl + Enter]. Be sure to review comments within your assignments after they have been graded. You may also contact the CSU Writing Center for writing and APA assistance, including grammar and paper organization.
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596
Boyd, D., & Bee, H. (2012). The developing child (13th ed.). Pearson.
Ciccarelli, S. K., & White, J. N. (2015). Psychology: An exploration (3rd ed.). Pearson.
Siddique, K., Ali, G., Ullah, I., Shah, A. U., & Fayaz, M. (2019). An estimation of expenditure, own and cross price elasticities of meat in Pakistan. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 35(2), 623–629. https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?url=http://
search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=asn&AN=136655162&site=ehost-live&scope=site
Zimbardo, P. G., Johnson, R. L., & McCann, V. (2013). Psychology: Core concepts (7th ed.). Pearson.