week 2
Response 1 –
With reference to the Creswell book, I have come across an interesting and important topic of quality research. One should follow a qualitative criterion in choosing a research approach. The 3 types of approaches such as qualitative, quantitative, and mixed research approaches are not strong but the research work itself is either qualitative or quantitative or both which is a mixed approach. The quantitative approach focuses on the amount of research work needed to be done. They are framed using numbers and closed-ended questions among variables, whereas the qualitative approach focuses on certain settings to calculate the effective readings of the research. They are framed using words and open-ended questions (Foo & et al., 2019).
There arises a problem in the research based on the approach. A wrong choice of approach for the right research will cause these problems. At certain times research will need both approaches such as a mixed approach. Unless this has been applied, it will show results. An individual experience of a researcher plays a vital role to chose the right approach towards research. For example, if the researcher is proficient in statistics, he will a vast knowledge of the quantitative approach. This kind of approach will be interesting for the researchers who got more interest in writing skills. Researchers who opt for a mixed approach will have to spend more time as they have to experiment and then conclude the better approach (Jorgensen & Hansen, 2018).
Certain types of researchers will be writing for their followers which will help the students or other researchers in shaping up their research based on this review. Also, there is a point to be noted that the approaches can be further integrated. This follows a basic set of guidelines called philosophical worldviews. It brings out the nature of study based on scientific method and constructivist world view. The scientific world view involves determination, reductionism, empirical measurement, and theory verification. The constructive world view involves understanding, multiple participants, social & historical construction, and theory generation (Chong & Ahmed, 2015).
Response 2
In chapter 1 there are many of the concepts discussed and one of the topics is complete regarding the research plan. Each of the concepts that are discussed in the chapters helped me in getting an idea regarding the research approaches. One of the interesting facts is that research approaches and I have come to learn that there crucial approaches of research. The initial one is called the qualitative and the second one is named quantitative. The final approach of the research is called mixed methods. The other interesting fact that is present in this chapter is that regarding the positivist approach and these individuals are in view that human knowledge is not relying upon specific objects (Kaliber, 2019). The other concept that is mentioned in the chapter is that constructivism and this concept is regarded as very much significant. This is also under one of the approaches and that is called the quantitative approach. This is also relying upon the views of the students for constructing their knowledge with the help of the learning process.
The third interesting fact is that regarding the transformative and this is completely based on the experiences from the past. This is also under one of the approaches and that is named as the qualitative. This is comprising of most of the ideas as well as the innovation which is more resulting in making lot many changes for the present topics (Osmond et al., 2019). This topic is also resulting in the formation of many of the new approaches and there will be a complete transformation seen for each of the topics. This is also resulting in unexpected knowledge and also by this many of the new techniques will be coming into existence. The fourth topic that is more interesting is that pragmatism and this is of mixed kind of approach which is included with both qualitative and quantitative (Szalek, 2020). This is completely concentrating on the individual decisions and this is also seems to be very much critical to understand.
Response 3
Research design, as a plan, requires a decision-making process in deciding the type or nature of design to be used to study a topic. In addition, this decision must consider researcher’s point of view on the study by using worldview assumptions. Strategies, known as procedures of inquiry, and other attributes such as data collection, analysis, and interpretation are taken into consideration when choosing a design for chosen study or topic (Creswell & Creswell, 2018).
The three types of design are the following - Qualitative research, Quantitative research, and Mixed methods research. Firstly, qualitative research focuses on a social or human problem, and how a group or an individual perceives the problem. Secondly, quantitative research revolves around testing objective theories amongst different factors or variables, and thereby, propose a flexible structure for final written report (Creswell & Creswell, 2018).
On the other hand, mixed methods research combines both qualitative and quantitative research paradigms, so as to increase the overall strength or depth of the study. It uses both the above approaches in tandem and involves philosophical assumptions (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). Therefore, mixed methods uses both words (qualitative) and numbers (quantitative) in its study.
The postpositivist worldview, for instance, is a traditional take on research, and its assumptions lean more towards quantitative research than qualitative research. It is also called as a scientific method, because it challenges the traditional norms surrounding a study. The postpositivist, meaning thinking after positivism, was inspired from the 19th century writers (Creswell & Creswell, 2018).
As discussed above, the three types of design, namely qualitative research, quantitative research, and mixed methods research, has APA guidelines attached to it. The new guidance states those articles along with student papers, dissertations, and theses. It amplifies the guidance on data sharing, especially in a qualitative research environment.
In a qualitative research, APA guidance reflects open practice standards. It has information on ensuring ethical compliance. Thereafter, ethical standards reflect upon best practices with respect to writing.
The planning for ethical compliance has been showcased in the APA manual. It addresses the type of papers and ethical dilemmas. Overall, it ensures guidance on scholarly writing and publishing principles.
The journal selection is crucial for specialization in a particular field of study. It is better suited to a more specialized principle, with broad interest across subdisciplines. Last but not the least, this approach will help reach a larger audience in a journal with a more generalist approach.