Popper: What is real scientific practice?

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Relativism

Epistemic Relativism

We have now presented a philosophical argument behind the whole basis of accepted scientific truth.

Let's introduce another philosophical term important in that dabate:

Epistemic Relativism: the position that knowledge is valid only relatively to a specific context, society, culture or individual.

In the following video, Duncan Pritchard, from the University of Edinburgh introduces the concept of Epistemic Relativism. You will learn about the well-known Bellarmine–Galileo controversy about the validity of Ptolemy’s geocentric system vs Copernicus’s heliocentric system, This historical episode is well documented, and it has been the battleground of important discussions about what epistemologists call epistemic relativism, namely the view that norms of reasoning and justification for our knowledge claims seem to be relative.

From "The Little Thinker‘s Blog“

This historical example illustrates the epistemic relativist’s ‘no neutral ground’ argument, and the difficulty of identifying a common ground or a common measure to assess and evaluate knowledge claims in their historical and social context.

** Content from Online Course: Philosophy and the Sciences: Introduction to the Philosophy of Physical Sciences by The University of Edinburgh

https://youtu.be/MYnZgJeOqqg