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Running Head: AN OVERVIEW ON THE GUN LAWS IN THE UNITED STATES 1
AN OVERVIEW ON THE GUN LAWS IN THE UNITED STATES 1
Reflective Annotated Bibliography
An overview on the gun laws in the United States
Draft 1
Sabastian A Akumbom
WRTG 291-7360
April 1,2018
Andrés, A. R., & Hempstead, K. (2011). Gun control and suicide: The impact of state firearm regulations in the United States, 1995–2004. Health Policy, 101(1), 95-103.
The précis:
The article highlights that in an American political debate the gun control is the highly contentious issue. The study highlights that the current era of the gun control in the United States originate with the handgun violence prevention act of the Brady. The article highlights that anxiety can increase in the purchase of the firearm. The author highlights that the gun control is only one factor that affects the gun ownership. The high capacity magazine is assaulted from the banning military styles and taking steps to reduce the guns volition. Make school safer and protect the children from this violation (Andrés & Hempstead, 2011).
Vocabulary:
· Contentious
· Infringement
· Concealed
· Lethal weapons
· Prevalence
· Heterogeneous
Reflection:
In my opinion I think the president takes steps to remove the unnecessary legal barrier that prevents the laws of health and prevent other information for the legal rights. The laws are making to protect the lives of the ordinary people. They provide the adequate training for the local law enforcement they also provide the training in the schools on how to handle the active shoots situations.
Quotable:
“Gun control policies can serve to reduce overall gun availability by creating barriers to firearm ownership” (Andrés & Hempstead, 2011. pg2).
“The first is that of state variation in views towards guns is likely to affect both firearm prevalence and the comprehensiveness of gun control regulation” (Andrés & Hempstead, 2011.pg 7).
“The first is that gun control regulations by state tend to change slowly, so there tends to be relatively little within-state year–onyear change” (Andrés & Hempstead, 2011.pg 8).
“The drug and misdemeanor conviction bans do not enter significantly for any of the age groups, and the prohibition linked to a history of domestic violence only affects suicides among the middle aged” (Andrés & Hempstead, 2011, p15).
Article 2:
Fleegler, E. W., Lee, L. K., Monuteaux, M. C., Hemenway, D., & Mannix, R. (2013). Firearm legislation and firearm-related fatalities in the United States. JAMA internal medicine, 173(9), 732-740.
The précis:
In America, the constitutional law and the national rifle association member believes that the guns are not the root cause of any crime. The rights to keep firearms and weapons were granted under the Second Amendment to the constitution, but at the same time, it does not allow unlimited rights or the does not negate the firearm regulations. District of Columbia v. Heller case is considered landmark case because in this case, Supreme Court ruled in a 5-4 decision that the keeping the firearms for defensive purposes is protected in the federal enclaves by the second amendment. It is considered the victory of gun owners as it was legalized (Fleegler, Lee, Monuteaux, Hemenway, & Mannix, 2013) .
Vocabulary:
· Attenuated
· Fatalities
· Homicides
· clustered
· robust
Reflection:
I think that the majority of the public says that the gun ownership in the US does more to protect the people from becoming the victims of crime, and some say that it does more to put the people safety at risk. The definition is of gun control is known as the set of policies and law that regulate the modification, sale, use and manufacture of firearms by civilians. The bans on the handguns will not stop the criminals from doing crimes, but it can harm the innocent people who have guns for their self-defense in the bad situation.
Quotable:
“This ratio has been highly correlated with firearm ownership rates in the United States and other developed nations” (Fleegler, Lee, Monuteaux, Hemenway, & Mannix, 2013,p#733)
“Overall firearm-related fatalities and homicide fatalities were aggregated at the state level over the entire 4-year study period: the small numbers of firearm homicides in 12 states precluded the availability of annual data” (Fleegler, Lee, Monuteaux, Hemenway, & Mannix, 2013,p#734).
“Firearm ownership rates have been associated with firearm suicide and firearm homicide rates in other studies”(Fleegler, Lee, Monuteaux, Hemenway, & Mannix, 2013,p#735)
“Another important factor affecting suicide is whether guns are stored safely in the home”(Fleegler, Lee, Monuteaux, Hemenway, & Mannix, 2013,p#739)
Article 3:
Kaufman, E. J., Morrison, C. N., Branas, C. C., & Wiebe, D. J. (2018). State firearm laws and interstate firearm deaths from homicide and suicide in the United States: a cross-sectional analysis of data by county. JAMA internal medicine.
The précis:
Handguns are banned fails to protect the people in fact to ban the handguns may put the people in danger because the people did not protect themselves in danger. The people who have the legal license of having guns are responsible for their acts as well. The people said that the laws which are made against the guns are actually the laws made against the self-defense (Kaufman, Morrison, Branas, & Wiebe, 2018). It is stated that the gun control zones are the zones where the crimes are abundant, the people will protect themselves by having the guns.
Vocabulary:
· non-exhaustive
· multifaceted
· Constitution
· Contentious
· Infringement
Reflection:
I cannot just make a clear standing about gun ownership, the argument about the self-defense is much valid and has its worth. When a person is attacked he has a much better chances to survive the assault if he is also armed and the gun’s deterrence factor is an established fact. An attacker would think twice before the attack if he can see that his victim is armed and is prepared to fight back. But, the recent shootings are also a point of concern for all. The need of the hour is to prepare a strict regulatory law and the consistent psychological tests must be conducted to ensure the owner’s mental health.
Quotable:
“Firearms were linked to more than 36,000 deaths in the United States in 2015, including 22,000 suicides” (Kaufman, Morrison, Branas, & Wiebe, 2018.p# 215)
“Counties in states with low levels of firearm regulation had higher rates of firearm homicide, but homicide rates were lower in counties closer to states with stronger regulation”(Kaufman, Morrison, Branas, & Wiebe, 2018.p#215)
“Firearms are involved in half of all suicides and two-thirds of all homicides” (Kaufman, Morrison, Branas, & Wiebe, 2018.p#215)
“Regulations regarding the sale, movement, and exchange of firearms are primarily drafted and enforced at the state level” (Kaufman, Morrison, Branas, & Wiebe, 2018.p#216)
Article 4:
The précis:
The study highlights that Firearms on the college campuses are important for the sake of students and teachers security. Nowadays the crimes in the college’s campuses are at its peak. The author discussed the second amendment law, everyone has right to protect itself, and everyone has allowed having the gun. The rights to keep firearms and weapons were granted under the Second Amendment to the Constitution, but at the same time, it does not allow unlimited rights or the does not negate the firearm regulations. The people who have the legal license of having guns are responsible for their acts as well. The people said that the laws which are made against the guns are the laws made against the self-defense (Thompson, Price, Mrdjenovich, & Khubchandani, 2009).
Vocabulary:
· Deterrence
· Lobbying
· Constitution
· Contentious
· Infringement
Reflection:
I think that the gun control zones are the zones where the crimes are abundant, the people will protect themselves by having the guns. The bans on the handguns will not stop the criminals from doing crimes, but it can harm the innocent people who have guns for their self-defense in the bad situation. The people will take steps to control the crime rather than gun control because to control the crime is very effective than to control the guns. The criminal has the illegal guns, and the innocent people will be the target of the criminals.
Quotable:
“Violence on college campuses is a significant concern for students, parents, and university administrators” (Thompson, Price, Mrdjenovich, & Khubchandani, 2009 P, 247).
“With recent efforts by various gun lobbying groups to have firearms more accessible to college students, there is the potential for more firearm related morbidities and mortalities” (Thompson, Price, Mrdjenovich, & Khubchandani, 2009. P, 248).
“Successful deterrence of potential firearm violence by a small number of firearm policy offenders can be established by having appropriate resources available for at risk students and being prepared to effectively deal with firearms on campus” (Thompson, Price, Mrdjenovich, & Khubchandani, 2009.p,253)
“Fifty-three percent of campus police indicated that college counselors should play a major role in minimizing firearm violence on college campuses” (Thompson, Price, Mrdjenovich, & Khubchandani, 2009. p, 252)
Article 5:
Weinberger, S. E., Hoyt, D. B., Lawrence, H. C., Levin, S., Henley, D. E., Alden, E. R., . . . Hubbard, W. C. (2015). Firearm-related injury and death in the United States: a call to action from 8 health professional organizations and the American Bar Association. Annals of internal medicine, 162(7), 513-516.
The précis:
The gun worship does more to protect the people from the crime. The personal safety is important for everyone and gun ownership helps the people from becoming the victim of the crime. Gun control is not effective at all because it has been seen that after this policy there has no little difference in the crime rate. In my opinion, this is never shown that the gun control has any positive impact on the crime (Weinberger et al., 2015). The people who can use the gun illegally will never commit crimes they use the guns only for their own protection.
Vocabulary:
· disincentive
· non-exhaustive
· multifaceted
· Attenuated
· Fatalities
Reflection:
In my point of view, the gun control system will only keep the good guys to attempt the firearms. On the other hand, the bad guys always have many ways to getting the weapons and commit the crimes. In my opinion, this is never shown that the gun control has any positive impact on the crime. The constitutional law and the national rifle association member believes that the guns are not the root cause of any crime.
Quotable:
“The American Bar Association, acting through its Standing Committee on Gun Violence, confirms that none of these recommendations conflict with the Second Amendment or previous rulings of the U.S. Supreme Court” (Weinberger et al., 2015, p# 3)
“To reduce firearm-related injuries and deaths, it is essential to address culture, firearm safety, and regulation that maximizes safety while being consistent with the Second Amendment”(Weinberger et al., 2015.p# 5)
“Although mental and substance use disorders in and of themselves are only a small factor in societal violence, they can be a significant factor in firearm-related suicide”. (Weinberger et al., 2015. p#7)
“Blanket reporting laws that compel physicians and other health professionals to report patients who are displaying signs that they might cause serious harm to themselves or others may have unintended consequences”( Weinberger et al., 2015 .p# 8)
“They can stigmatize persons with mental or substance use disorders, create a disincentive for them to seek treatment, and undermine the patient–physician relationship” (Weinberger et al., 2015. p# 7)