Tesla Ratio Project
FIR 7155-001 | Fall 2019 Page | 1
Starbucks (SBUX) Financial Ratio Analysis At close: 2019, September 20 4:00PM EDT
The following financial ratio analysis has been completed based on Starbucks Corporation (SBUX) fiscal year 2018 financial
statements (year ending September 20, 2019). Annual reports were chosen rather than quarterly or monthly reports due
to the seasonal effect on sales in this industry. This analysis is broken into short-term solvency ratios, long-term solvency
ratios, turnover ratios, profitability ratios and market value ratios. Each set of ratios is used to analyze different aspects
of the firm’s performance and predict its position for future performance. The report culminates in forecasted revenue
based on this analysis.
TABLE 1. Short-term Solvency, or Liquidity, Ratios
Liquidity Ratio
Ratio Formula FY18 - SBUX
Calculated Ratio
Current Ratio Current Assets
Current Liabilities 2.20
Quick Ratio (Current Assets - Inventory)
Current Liabilities 1.95
Cash Ratio Cash
Current Liabilities 1.54
Short-term Solvency, or Liquidity, Ratios. Liquidity ratios focus on current assets and current liabilities to indicate the
firm’s ability to fulfill its short-term obligations. Starbuck’s current ratio of 2.20 displays the firm’s strong position to pay
off current liabilities. However, the fact that the current ratio is higher than 2 is the first indicator that the company
might not be using its short-term financing facilities efficiently. This could be due to the fact that much of the company’s
cash is result of incurring sizeable debt in the last fiscal year. While the company’s quick ratio of 1.95 confirms its ability
to pay back its current liabilities, its cash ratio continues to reflect the impact of debt on the balance sheet. At 1.54
Starbucks has a cash ratio significantly higher than Dunkin (0.96) and McDonalds (0.29). Starbucks’ 2018 cash ratio
reflects a drastic change from 2017 when the cash ratio for Starbucks was (0.28).
TABLE 2. Long-Term Solvency, or Financial Leverage, Ratios
Financial Leverage Ratios Ratio Formula FY18 - SBUX
Calculated Ratio
Total Debt Ratio (Total Assets - Total Equity)
Total Assets 0.95
Debt/Equity Ratio Total Debt
Total Equity 19.65
Equity Multiplier Total Assets Total Equity
20.66
Time Interest Earned Ratio EBIT
Interest -22.37
Cash Coverage Ratio (EBIT + Depreciation)
Interest -30.04
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Long-Term Solvency, or Financial Leverage, Ratios. After slight annual increases of the total debt ratio from 2015 to
2017, there was a dramatic jump in the debt ratio in 2018. A total debt ratio under 0.5 reflects company assets being
financed through equity. A ratio higher than 0.5, however, indicates the use of debt to finance the company’s assets.
This is what we are witnessing with Starbucks – a ratio of 0.95 is evidence of high dependency on debt.
The debt to equity ratio reveals financial leverage or the lack thereof. Starbucks’ high ratio of 19.65 indicates that the
company is heavily reliant on creditors to finance its business. Upon further investigation, it was found that Starbucks
borrowed money to fund shareholder returns. This is concerning as they are less protected financially in the event of a
decline in business. The decision to increase their debt also led to a reduction in credit score. Starbucks moved from
being a A3 to a Baa1 making them less attractive to lenders.
(https://www.marketwatch.com/story/moodys-downgrades-starbucks-ratings-on-concerns-it-is-borrowing-to-reward-
shareholders-2018-06-20 )
The high equity multiplier of 20.66 also shows that the company is very dependent on debt to finance its business.
The times interest earned ratio and cash coverage ratio are high negative values indicating that its debt obligations
cannot be met easily with cash earned. Both ratios indicate a very high risk for bankruptcy or default and therefore,
financial instability.
TABLE 3. Asset Utilization, or Turnover, Ratios
Turnover Ratios Ratio Formula FY18 - SBUX
Calculated Ratio
Inventory Turnover Cost of Goods Sold
Inventory 12.40
Days Sales in Inventory 365
Inventory Turnover 29.43
Receivable Turnover Sales
Account Receivable 15.00
Days Sales in Receivable 365
Receivable Turnover 24.34
Total Assets Turnover Sales
Total Assets 1.02
Capital Intensity Total Assets
Sales 0.98
Asset Utilization, or Turnover, Ratios. The asset turnover ratio indicates that Starbucks is efficiently using assets to
increase sales and to generate revenue. Days sales in inventory indicates Starbucks is efficient in terms of sales
performance and inventory management. Starbucks receivable turnover ratio shows it is a bit low compared to the
industry average, which shows a good amount of transactions are conducted on credit. The higher value of days sales in
receivables proves the similar concept. It also means a huge portion of Starbucks customer base are credit card holders.
Starbucks Total Assets Turnover is not very promising as it shows for every $1.02 revenue, it utilizes $1 worth of assets.
Higher Capital intensity proves the same concept that Starbucks needs to use $.98 to generate every $1 of sales revenue.
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TABLE 4. Profitability Ratios
Profitability Ratios Ratio Formula FY18 - SBUX
Calculated Ratio
Profit Margin Net Income
Sales 18.28%
ROA Net Income Total Assets
18.70%
ROE Net Income Total Equity
386.34%
Profitability Ratios. Profitability ratio metrics are used to measure and evaluate the company's ability to generate profit
relative to revenue and balance sheet assets. Starbucks’ profit margin of 18.28% means they generate $.18 profit per
dollar of sales which is considered "high" by industry standards. That means Starbucks is able to control the cost to buy
goods to at prices higher than its cost to serve its customer. Similarly, Starbucks has a significantly high ROA value (18.70%)
which shows they are earning more money on less investments. Along with that Starbucks delivered an ROE of over 386%
over past 12 months which is very impressive and quite high especially compared to their nearest competitors.
TABLE 5. Market Value Ratios
Market Value ratios Ratio Formula FY18 - SBUX
Calculated Ratio
P/E Ratio Price Per Share
Earnings Per Share 23.92
Market-to-Book Ratio Market Value Per Share
Book Value Per Share 92.42
Market Value Ratios. Starbucks’ share value has been constantly growing over several months and the P/E ratio value
(23.92) is calculated based on the share price of 90.07. Which means shares sell for 23.92 times the firm’s earnings per
share. Starbucks nearest competitor, Dunkin, has a P/E ratio of 27.9; and another competitor, McDonalds, has a P/E ratio
of 27.26. Based on the data available, it appears that Starbucks P/E value has potential to grow in near future. Starbucks’
high market-to-book ratio 92.42 indicates the coffee company is successfully creating value for its shareholders.
TABLE 6. Decomposition of SBUX ROE Using Extended Du-Pont Analysis (2015-2018)
ROE =
Year ROE EBIT Margin (ROS) Interest Burden Tax Burden Asset Turnover Leverage
2018 386.34% 0.15 1.52 0.78 10.2 20.66
2017 52.93% 0.17 1.11 0.67 1.56 2.64
2016 47.89% 0.18 1.09 .67 1.49 2.43
2015 47.39% 0.17 1.16 0.71 1.54 2.13 Examining the ROE and its components, it is clear that from 2015 to 2017 the ROE was consistent; however, in 2018
there was a significant upsurge. This was a result of the increased accumulation of debt in order to meet shareholder
obligations. The most influential component of the ROE in 2018 was leverage because the borrowed money caused a dip
in equity. The graphs below further illustrate this point.
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IMAGE 1. Time Trend Analysis of SBUX ROE Components (2015-2018)
TABLE 7. Breakdown of ROE for SBUX, MCD and DNKN for 2018
SBUX MCD DNKN
Tax Burden 0.78 0.76 0.79
Interest Burden 1.52 0.91 0.73
EBIT Margin (ROS) 0.15 0.41 0.30
Asset Turnover 1.02 0.64 0.38
Leverage 20.66 -5.24 -4.85
ROE 386.34% -94.66% -32.25%
IMAGE 2. Comparison of SBUX ROE with McDonalds (MCD) and Dunkin (DNKN) for 2018
Apart from leverage, Starbucks has a relatively good Asset Turnover Ratio; however, the company falls short in their EBIT
Margin (ROS). The Asset Turnover Ratio indicates that Starbucks is relatively efficient when using its assets to increase
sales and generate revenue as compared to its competitors. Taking into consideration the EBIT Margin (ROS), the firm
should reduce their operational costs. Additionally, Starbucks’ high Interest Burden and Tax Burden will minimize their
net income.
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
2018201720162015
ROE Components
Tax Burden Interest Burden EBIT Margin (ROS) Asset Turnover Leverage
-40% -20% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Tax Burden
Interest Burden
EBIT Margin (ROS)
Asset Turnover
Leverage
ROE
2018 - ROE Components
McDonalds Dunkin Starbucks
FIR 7155-001 | Fall 2019 Page | 5
TABLE 8. SBUX Revenue Growth in Comparison to MCD and DNKN, 2015-2018
2015 2016 2017 2018
Starbucks $19,162,700 $21,315,900 $22,386,800 $24,719,500
McDonalds $25,413,000 $24,621,900 $22,820,400 $21,025,200
Dunkin $810,933 $1,248,355 $1,275,551 $1,321,617
IMAGE 3. SBUX Revenue Growth in Comparison to MCD and DNKN, 2015-2018
$0
$5,000,000
$10,000,000
$15,000,000
$20,000,000
$25,000,000
$30,000,000
2015 2016 2017 2018
SBUX Revenue Growth in Comparison to MCD and DNKN
Starbucks McDonalds Dunkin
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TABLE 9. Common Sized Income Statement Data from 2015-2018
FISCAL YEAR ENDING:
Sep 30, 2018
Oct 1, 2017
Oct 2, 2016
Sep 27, 2015
Revenue Growth and Common Size Values (% of Revenue)
FY 2018 FY 2017 FY 2016 FY 2015 FY 18 FY 17 FY 16 FY 15
Total Revenue $24,719,500 $22,386,800 $21,315,900 $19,162,700 10.42% 5.02% 11.24%
Cost of Revenue $17,367,700 $15,527,600 $14,573,300 $13,198,600 90.63% 81.03% 76.05% 68.88%
Gross Profit $7,351,800 $6,859,200 $6,742,600 $5,964,100 38.37% 35.79% 35.19% 31.12%
Total Operating Expenses
$20,909,400 $18,490,000 $17,462,200 $15,811,600 109.12% 96.49% 91.13% 82.51%
Operating Income or Loss
$3,810,100 $3,896,800 $3,853,700 $3,351,100 19.88% 20.34% 20.11% 17.49%
Total Other Income / Expenses Net
$1,969,900 $420,700 $344,900 $551,900 10.28% 2.20% 1.80% 2.88%
Earnings Before Interest and Taxes (EBIT)
$3,810,100 $3,896,800 $3,853,700 $3,351,100 19.88% 20.34% 20.11% 17.49%
Interest Expense -$170,300 -$92,500 -$81,300 -$70,500 -0.89% -0.48% -0.42% -0.37%
Income Tax Expense
$1,262,000 $1,432,600 $1,379,700 $1,143,700 6.59% 7.48% 7.20% 5.97%
Net Income From Continuing Ops
$4,518,000 $2,884,900 $2,818,900 $2,759,300 23.58% 15.05% 14.71% 14.40%
Non-recurring Events
- - - - - - - -
Discontinued Operations
- - - - - - - -
Net Income $4,518,300 $2,884,700 $2,817,700 $2,757,400 23.58% 15.05% 14.70% 14.39%
IMAGE 4. SBUX Revenue Growth 2015-2018
TABLE 10. SBUX Forecasted Revenue Growth
*Growth rate predicted using the Holt Winter
Additive Mode for time series data
$19,162,700.00 $21,315,900.00 $22,386,800.00
$24,719,500.00
$0
$5,000,000
$10,000,000
$15,000,000
$20,000,000
$25,000,000
$30,000,000
2015 2016 2017 2018
Starbucks Revenue Growth 2015-2018
Year Revenue Growth Rate
2015 $19,162,700 -
2016 $21,315,900 11.24%
2017 $22,386,800 5.02%
2018 $24,719,500 10.42%
2019 $26,331,838* 6.52%*
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TABLE 11. Forecasted Income Statements for Future Years
To calculate all the information for 2019, the same percentages of revenue from 2018 were assumed.
FISCAL YEAR ENDING: FY 19
Expectations
Sep 30, 2018
Oct 1, 2017
Oct 2, 2016
Sep 27, 2015
Revenue Growth and Common Size Values (% of Revenue)
FY 2018 FY 2017 FY 2016 FY 2015 FY 18 FY 17 FY 16 FY 15
Total Revenue $26,331,837 $24,719,500 $22,386,800 $21,315,900 $19,162,700 10.42% 5.02% 11.24%
Cost of Revenue $23,865,293 $17,367,700 $15,527,600 $14,573,300 $13,198,600 90.63% 81.03% 76.05% 68.88%
Gross Profit $10,102,251 $7,351,800 $6,859,200 $6,742,600 $5,964,100 38.37% 35.79% 35.19% 31.12%
Total Operating Expenses
$28,732,011 $20,909,400 $18,490,000 $17,462,200 $15,811,600 109.12% 96.49% 91.13% 82.51%
Operating Income or Loss
$5,235,532 $3,810,100 $3,896,800 $3,853,700 $3,351,100 19.88% 20.34% 20.11% 17.49%
Total Other Income / Expenses Net
$2,706,878 $1,969,900 $420,700 $344,900 $551,900 10.28% 2.20% 1.80% 2.88%
Earnings Before Interest and Taxes (EBIT)
$5,235,532 $3,810,100 $3,896,800 $3,853,700 $3,351,100 19.88% 20.34% 20.11% 17.49%
Interest Expense -$234,013 -$170,300 -$92,500 -$81,300 -$70,500 -0.89% -0.48% -0.42% -0.37%
Income Tax Expense
$1,734,139 $1,262,000 $1,432,600 $1,379,700 $1,143,700 6.59% 7.48% 7.20% 5.97%
Net Income From Continuing Ops
$6,208,271 $4,518,000 $2,884,900 $2,818,900 $2,759,300 23.58% 15.05% 14.71% 14.40%
Non-recurring Events
- - - - - - - - -
Discontinued Operations
- - - - - - - - -
Net Income $6,208,683 $4,518,300 $2,884,700 $2,817,700 $2,757,400 23.58% 15.05% 14.70% 14.39%