answer the questions.

Moving from 4G to 5G

Project Name

Moving from 4G to 5G

Project Sponsor

Sprint and Verizon

Project Manager

Document Version No.

1

1.1 Project Summary

Write a short summary of the overall project. Also outline the original intentions and whether these have been met. The purpose of the project was to shift from 4G to 5G to be able to meet the current and future increase in data usage and the need for a network that meets the needs of users. This would involve increasing the bandwidth to 1Gbps and higher and the frequency from the previous range of between 2GHz and 8GHz to between 3GHz and 300GHz. The roll-out involved both non-standalone and standalone architectures. The first phase focused on non-standalone architecture, where the basic network functions were validated. The standalone 5G NR architecture was deployed in the last part of the roll-out phase The outcomes of the project include decreased latency to less than second, increased data rates of at least 1GB for every second simultaneously for more users, and increased energy efficiency.

2.1 Project Review

Outline whether the review of this project has been formal or informal and who has been involved in it. Informal: initial search …do you concur with the findings. Formal: consulting with professional team, experts engineers..

The review of the project was informal, which involved searching for scholarly information and visiting reputable websites. Information from IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering, International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, and Future Internet was critical in completing the project. Initial search entailed the identification of the requirements for a successful move from 4G to 5G, identification of project estimates, and best practices.

2.2 Conclusions

Write some bullet points of the main conclusions of the project review, especially around the success or failure of the project and the way it was conducted throughout.

· The 5g system consists of a user terminal and several independent, autonomous radio access technologies. Each of the radio access technologies within each of the terminal serves as the IP link to the outside internet world. However, there is a different radio interface for each Radio Access Technology in the mobile terminal

· The data link and physical levels define the radio access technologies and facilitate access to the internet with QoS support mechanisms, which rely on the access technology. The network layer is the IP and ensures enough control of data for effective routing of IP packets.

· The move involved the introduction of a new level to take care of the abstraction levels of the network access technologies to higher layers of the protocol stack.

· The network abstraction level was providd by introducing IP tunnels over IP interfaces obtained by connecting to the terminal through the access technologies available to the terminal.

This would result in a scalable speed of 1Gbps in the preg5 and higher speeds as we get closer to full deployment of the 5G network.

3.1 Lessons Learned

Outline any key points that should be considered for any future projects.

· The coordination and implementation of an aggressive 5G project requires a careful approach based on a clear plan

· The specific bands of spectrum allocated by the government play a critical role in the success of the 5G project.

· The roll-out phase should focus on both non-standalone and standalone architectures

· The project relies on experts with adequate experience in 4G to inform the move to 5G at the lowest possible cost and shorted time because some 4G technologies can be utilized.

Challenges going from to 4g to 5g

· Testing is not a quick process because of the time and resources that need to be invested. 5G tests can be conducted both indoor and outdoor or in fixed wireless access points.

· The portions of the radio spectrum that 5G networks operate on need to be purchased. They should be licensed by regulators. The steps involved in licensing are tedious and can take a longer time.

· It is expensive to roll-out 5G. Costs to be incurred include spectrum licensing, physical hardware, hiring technicians, testing and retesting the network, and deployment fees (Fisher, 2019).

5 points mistakes that has been made before and how do we avoid them

· Failing to develop a plan that outlines all the requirements before the initiation of the project is a major mistake made in earlier projects

· The failure to utilize a team of experts with an understanding of the current technology and the requirements for the current project

· Failing to comply with regulations

· Incomplete testing and retesting

· The failure to utilize the existing technologies and resources, thus resulting in higher costs

4.1 Recommendations

If this project failed to meet its objectives or has generated/uncovered the need for additional work, please outline these here.

· The architecture of 5G technologies should be user-oriented. Manufacturers, service providers, and content providers should study and consider user needs at the initiation stage for more satisfying end user experience (Liu, Shi, Wang, & Li, 2017).

· More private enterprises should be enrolled in spectrum efficiency research as innovation system to facilitate smooth transition from 4G to 5G

· Cooperation and sharing of results in a global context is required for standardization

5.1 Ongoing risks and issues

Outline any risks and issues that need to be considered or monitored after the project has closed.

· 5G radiations have adverse effects on health. For example, 5G high spectrum range can result in mutation of cells and induce tumours that might become cancer (Verma, Tejaswini, & Pradhan, 2019).

· Adverse environmental effects include necrosis symptoms on leaves and reduced survivorship of wildlife

· 5G wireless networks threaten weather forecasts by interfering with crucial satellite-based earth observations (Witze, 2019).

6.1 Final Project Cost

Outline the projected versus actual cost of the project.

The projected cost was $2 million but the actual cost was $2.3 million. The increase in cost was influenced by inflation and additional technical requirements

6.2 Any Ongoing Costs

Outline any ongoing costs, such as annual system maintenance fees.

Ongoing costs include annual system maintenance, hiring experts to manage the system, and compliance.