mobile computing and wireless applications 2

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SAMPLE CORPORATE NETWORK DESIGN (EMPHASIS ON WIRELESS)

Problem Statement

Sample Solution

Wireless Network Design – Problem Statement

XYZMobile (this is a fictitious name, any collision with an actual company is accidental) was formed in 1995 by a small group of engineers to build, repair, and sell mobile devices. The initial business of the company was handsets and PDAs. With time, the company included wireless software into its product lines. In the 2000s, the company entered into business partnerships with numerous suppliers around the globe and acquired a startup company that builds desktops, laptops, and "network computers". XYZMobile also formed partnerships with numerous other computer hardware/software vendors and acquired several retail electronic stores that sell and service wireless network products. These stores also sell, market and service the XYZMobile products. At present, the company is thinking about providing technology solutions, consulting, and training services for mobile and wireless areas. The company management believes in controlled growth, i.e., systematically explore new markets and diversify by using new products and services after careful strategic analysis and evaluation of core competencies.

The company headquarters are in Atlanta with branch offices in the US, Europe and Asia. The company operates many regional offices (5 in the US, one in London, and one in Singapore). Each region supports between 5 to 10 local offices (some of these offices are stores, the others are marketing, training, consulting and support centers), with an average of 200 staff members per region.

Given the information below about regional offices, corporate headquarters, and wide area network, determine the overall network design for this company (using wireless as much as possible). Your design should include WLANs, WPANs, WLLs, cellular networks, and satellites.

Deliverable

A report, not to exceed 5 pages that proposes an overall wireless network design with clear justification. The overall network design should show the big picture of the Corporate network, with all interconnectivity devices (e.g., routers, gateways), a hardware and communication layout of the chain stores, the calculations to justify the results, and a list of assumptions, if any. Within each site, your proposal should show all the hardware and software needed with the number of LANs, number of servers, etc. on all floors. A very rough cost estimate for the whole network (only network devices and network software, not the computer costs) should be also provided. Your report should include the following:

· Two or three diagrams that illustrate the proposed network (10 points)

· Explanation and justification of the proposed network with all calculations, assumptions, etc. (10 points)

· Summary of the network devices to be purchased. You should use a table such as the following (10 points)

Site (e.g., Corporate, Regional, Local)	Device Type (e.g., Router)	Estimated cost (number x cost per unit)	Suggested supplier (give Web Link)

Corporate Headquarter

The corporate headquarters, a three floor 200 foot X 500 foot building, houses the IT department (first floor), administration and distribution (second floor) and marketing / corporate planning and management offices on the third floor. Each floor will have the office layout as shown in Figure 1. Each person in the office wants a desktop computer for local processing and access to the Internet. Each office room is assumed to be 10 feet x 10 feet and the workstations are assumed to be equally distributed in each area. You are to recommend a layout of the workstations (terminals or microcomputers) for the three floors of the headquarters.

Each room on the first floor should have access to the main computer located on the first floor as shown in Figure 1. Most work done on the first floor is word processing, accessing mainframe files, software development and technical support (planning, designing, installing and modifying the system hardware/software). On the second floor, the Administrative Department (payroll, AR/AP, order processing) is considering a LAN. They would like to:

· Allow the PCs to share fast printers

· All PCs should be able to share and exchange information stored in databases in the corporate office.

· All PCa should be able to send/receive information from the mainframe in addition to other branch office PCs.

· Allow some growth so that in the future more devices could be supported on the second floor.

The third floor needs access to the mainframe and the Internet. They are "very" open to suggestions and recommendations.

Assume that corporate LAN traffic will increase dramatically in next several years. You can assume that 2500 workstations will be in the building and each workstation will generate one message per second on the network and the message size can be assumed to be 10,000 bytes (100,000 bits).

The corporate office wants to provide cellular phone services in the corporate office and wants to evaluate how technologies such as Bluetooth or 802.11 could be used for this purpose. It also wants to support SMS for its employees.

The company also has a manufacturing building within 1.5 mile from the corporate office. This one floor building houses 150 people who specialize in designing, building, and maintaining mobile devices and also wireless networks.

Regional Offices Information

Each regional office serves 5 to 10 local offices in the region. The regional managers want to use latest technologies and innovative applications in voice, data and images. Each regional office, a two floor 250 feet X 250 feet building, houses around 200 regional employees and supports marketing and customer support services. The following information should be considered while designing this network:

· Half of the people are technical support people who work on products in the region. Housed on the first floor, these people use a variety of tools and use the Internet heavily.

· The remainder people in regional office are managers, marketing types, consultants and administrative staff . These folks are "confined" to the second floor and are primarily used to desktop environments.

· Each region houses a minicomputer that has regional information and is connected to the "outside world".

Wide Area Network

The wireless WAN should be able to handle the estimated traffic. A planning task force has estimated the following daily communication traffic expected to go between the various offices of the corporation:

· 100,000 email messages per day between the corporate office and each business partner office (the company has 10 major business partners).

· 150,000 email messages per day between the corporate office and each regional office.

· 120,000 email messages per day between each regional office and local office.

· 30,000 file transfers per day from various Internet sites

· 80,000 web surfing requests per day

· 50,000 remote accesses to corporate databases per day from local and regional offices

Assume 10 hour day, 10 bits per byte and 5K bytes per message for email, 1 Meg for file transfers, 200K for web surfing, and 500 K per corporate database access. You should also assume Pareto's principle (i.e., 80% of the traffic is carried in 20% of the time).

image1.wmf

Reception

Area

(2 workstations)

DP Offices

(80 workstations

)

Mainframe

Computer

200

150

200

400

420

500

Floor 1 Layout

Personnel

(5 workstations)

Order Processing

(10 workstations

)

Payroll

and

AR/AP

(30 Workstations)

Floor 2 Layout

Meeting Halls

(10 workstations)

Marketing Offices

(30 workstations

)

Top Management

Offices

(10 Workstations)

Floor 3 Layout

Figure 1: Corporate Office Layout

SOLUTION SAMPLE

Overview

XYZMobile (est. 1995, HQ Atlanta, GA) has grown rapidly in the past decade from a small business to a large multi-national company with 5 US regional offices, one in London, and one in Singapore. In the past ten years the company has grown from producing small wireless devices to producing wireless software, desktops, laptops, and network computers. Not just catered to businesses, the company has even expanded with small retail stores to sell and service wireless network products, including those produced by XYZMobile. And, they are now looking to expand to providing technology solutions, consulting, and training services for mobile and wireless areas. The company management believes in controlled growth, i.e., systematically explore new markets and diversify by using new products and services after careful strategic analysis and evaluation of core competencies.

The following report provides a network design for XYZMobile that includes inter- and intra-office networking solutions for the company’s headquarters as well as the 7 regional offices and accompanying 5-10 local offices.

Sample Network Design

Introduction

Part A provides explanation, illustrates, and lists components of the inter- and intra-office networking solution for XYZMobile. This design was primarily based on wireless technology applications, where reasonable, and represents the network that will best serve the needs of the company as outlined below:

· 100,000 email messages per day between the corporate office and each business partner office (the company has 10 major business partners).

· 150,000 email messages per day between the corporate office and each regional office.

· 120,000 email messages per day between each regional office and local office.

· 30,000 file transfers per day from various Internet sites

· 80,000 web surfing requests per day

· 50,000 remote accesses to corporate databases per day from local and regional offices Assume 10 hour day, 10 bits per byte and 5K bytes per message for email, 1 Meg for file transfers, 200K for web surfing, and 500 K per corporate database access. Assume Pareto's principle (i.e., 80% of the traffic is carried in 20% of the time).

Design

General

In designing this network industry standards and best practices were used for ease of use and integration, installation, and reduced cost. First, all similar offices are configured the same. All regional offices are deployed with the same network components and architectures in the general implementation. Similarly the local offices will have the same components and architectures, including the uplink with regional offices, again in general implementation. Finally the Atlanta, GA headquarters has been designed to be an expanded version of the regional offices with higher bandwidth connections to serve the needs of supporting the company and interacting with business partners. By configuring all the offices in a similar manner with common settings it allows employees easily integrate and therefore feel comfortable when visiting other company offices, increasing productivity.

This implementation will not only help to ensure easier implementation, and company-wide integration, but will also produce a cost savings. By making bulk purchases of pieces equipment the company will realize incredible cost savings.

There has also been some thought to the redundancy of the system. While wireless applications provide high bandwidth and produce cost savings by providing connecting remote offices, there are still reliability issues in inclement weather. For this reason certain offices, including headquarters, are provided with directing wire-line internet connections so that communication is not lost.

The wireless access points will be established so that neighboring access points do not operate on the same channel, similar to cellular networks. This prevents interference between access points, and provides scalability for a high density of users.

WAN

Information was given to estimate the necessary bandwidth of the WAN (considered her to be the Inter-office Network). In calculating this necessary bandwidth it was found, and logically so, that the regional and local offices require significantly less bandwidth than the corporate offices. (Exact calculations are found in Appendix A)

Generally: Corporate Office Requires: 8.04 Mb/sec

Regional Office Requires: 1.26 Mb/sec

Local Office Requires: 0.68 Mb/sec

And from these calculations the WAN connections were determined.

The XYZMobile WAN includes five medium earth orbit (MEO) satellites, flying in a configuration as show in Figure , that provide connection between the Regional Offices and Corporate Headquarters. This configuration provides more than adequate bandwidth for the local offices, and the time zone difference provides for staggered need of maximum bandwidth at Corporate Headquarters, however the WAN design also includes two satellite dishes for this central location. Such a design allows for significant growth within XYZMobile, while the extra bandwidth currently present can be sold to business clientele. In addition to these satellites, the Corporate, Regional, and Local offices all maintain a basic cable or DSL/HDSL internet connection with local ISPs. This provides VPN capability for critical activities in the event of a satellite failure and connection to Local Offices.

Local Offices’ connection to the company WAN is provided via Regional offices. A guaranteed 2Mb/s ‘direct’ connection between each local office and its associated Regional office is purchased from the local ISP, again far exceeding the required bandwidth and allowing room for significant growth.

image2

Figure 1: WAN Diagram

LANs

Corporate LAN

The Corporate LAN, located at the Company Headquarters, is the most sophisticated of the topologies, with the Regional and Local offices being smaller, less complicated sub-sets. The Corporate LAN incorporates a Wireless Local Loop with the nearby manufacturing facility, Mobile ISDN telephony, Bluetooth, Wireless networking, VPN servers for remote access by individuals and Regional and Local Offices, as well as all corporate mainframes and data repositories.

All telephony within the Corporate office is ISDN. Individuals have wired IP Phones, while Executives, Business Development, and Senior Program Management personnel are out-fitted with mobile IP Phones that function as normal cellular phones upon leaving the local office.

Because individuals are already outfitted with IP Phones they inherently have a wired LAN connection at their desk, which is used while their laptop is in the docking station. There is, however also a wireless capabilities throughout the building, and all workstations are wireless-enabled providing the user the ability to log into the network from conference rooms, or connect to the LAN while visiting Regional and Local offices. Bluetooth devices have also been outfitted to all Executives and Business Development personnel to provide Email access via Bluetooth when in conferences in the Executive suite, and SMS Email capabilities via cellular access when on travel.

A Wireless Local Loop was established with the nearby manufacturing plant as this would provide more than adequate bandwidth, an easily established network, and the 802.16 standard would not interfere with any testing taking place within the facility. Within this facility a Wireless Optical Network was established between hub computers with the Optical Signal lased near the high ceiling of the facility. This provides network capabilities for the employees and again is used so as to prevent interference with the mobile device work taking place in the building.

image3

Figure 2: Corporate LAN

Regional LAN

The Regional LANs include the same IP Telephony, wireless and wired LAN access for all employees, with similar clintele provided the same IP mobile phones. The Corporate and Regional Executives/Senior Program Management/Business Development having IP phones have shown a significant cost savings as it was found most calls were between these individuals while on-site. These on-site calls are now free as they traverse the company’s WAN, and daytime cellular minutes are significantly reduced.

Local LAN

The Local LANs have only the wired IP Telephony, and wired and wireless LAN connectivity. This affords employees access to the WAN, mobility within the small offices, and allows visiting employees to access the WAN via login through the wireless connectivity.

image4

Figure 3: Regional and Local LANs

Conclusion

The total system cost, as estimated in Appendix B, has been determined to be approximately $5.7 million, not including the satellites. This cost includes all network software and devices, except cabling. It should, however, be noted that this cost is based on single-purchase item pricing, which would be drastically reduced by the significant purchases made from the primary vendor, Cisco. This reduced equipment cost due to bulk purchasing, as well as reduced implementation complications, is the reason Cisco was chosen for the bulk of network devices.

Attached Cloud represents Internet connectivity

Local

Singapore

London

US Regional 4

US Regional 5

US Regional 3

US Regional 2

US Regional 1

WAN

Local

X10

X10 (Evenly distributed among switches)

Media

Server

X80 (Evenly distributed among switches)

200

500

420

400

200

150

Switch

Router

Floor 3

Floor 2

Floor 1

IP Phone

Router

Region Comp.

Switch

250

X100 (Evenly distributed among switches)

Switch

X100 (Evenly distributed among switches)

Access Point

Switch

Router

Media

Server

Second Floor

First Floor

Switch

Local Office

Regional Office

PAGE

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