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Presenation/Fazal presenation 2 510/510 assignemnt 3.docx

Running Head: Public Policy 0

Running Head: Public Policy 1

Obama Health Care Policy Fazal Agha Mujadidi abc August 25, 2018

Historical perspective of Obama Care Policy

The public policy defines as the work that is chosen by the government to do for the public. A policy can be a law or a set of law or regulations that are issued by the government of a country for the people or the public of that particular country. This assignment is based on the Obama care or the Obama care act policy (Koh & Sebelius, 2010). This policy plays an important role to increase the complete health care coverage for the people of the United States by providing them good health care policies and good health care systems.This assignment will provide detail information regarding the Obama care act policy. Besides that, the assignment will also discuss the players of the policy, along with, their roles and function, and how the political parties affect them.

Obama care policy is commonly known as the Affordable care act policy. This act was signed in 2010 in The United States (Fyle, 2012). The goal or the motive of this act is to the better coverage of the health insurance for all the Americans. In fact, keeping lower the overall cost of the healthcare is also under this Obama care policy or the Obama care act. Through a series of provisions, this act created premium and cost-sharing subsidies. This Obama care act created a new rule in the health insurance industry (Birkland, 2015). It makes the insurance coverage legal in Australia. Along with the different healthcare insurance, this act provides minimum essential coverage for all the Australian citizen residence.

In short, this Obama care act is the effort of representation that aimed to reframe the economic relationship among the health care system and the Americans so that they cannot face the health insurance crisis (Rosenbaum, 2011). This Affordable act increases the complete health care coverage. However, besides this, the Affordable act has to face some challenges. The main challenge that this act faced is in case of adoption including states and other common people of the United States (Koh & Sebelius, 2010). The Republican and Congress constantly stood opposed of this act.

In 2009, almost 10.04% of the budget was spent on the Medicare and Medicaid cost for the whole nation. The state assumed that there is a massive chance that the cost can be double by the year 2020 (Fyle, 2012). This spending of the cost is mandatory and cannot be cut anyhow. These problems are the main cause to sign the Obama care act.

This act probably can be better by allowing the flexible employee, hiring new cops who will convince for taking the insurance (Latham, 2012). Besides that, it is essential to get the public opinion regarding that.

The players, who are connected with the Obama care act, are divided into three groups, and that is the Official, unofficial and interested group of people.

This type of people describes those people, who are involved in the processing of policymaking. Their involvement is mandatory and motivational and carries an official position in governmental agencies or offices (Fyle, 2012). They are the most legitimate participant in the policymaking process as their responsibilities are approved or sanctioned by the constitution or the laws. It is the cause for them to carry the power of making or processing a public policy (Béland, Rocco, & Waddan, 2016). For example, legislative, judicial branches, and other executive members are the official group of people in making public policy. In the Obama care act policy, the official group of people belongs to those who are related to the Medicare or Medicaid systems along with some particular governmental responsible public.

It describes those participants, who do not have legally created or constituted any incentives as a part of processing the public policy. This unofficial group of people includes reporters, experts, researchers, etc. (Béland, Rocco, & Waddan, 2016). They mainly work as a bridge between the public and the policy to promote it. The official public of the Obama care act policy involves those who are given the responsibility to promote the policy (Fyle, 2012). However, they do not carry the formal or the guaranteed role in the policymaking, but still, they carry important part in making policies.

This group of people are sometimes known as the advocacy group, lobbying group or pressure group of people. This kind of people of the Affordable care policy act is chosen to promote the objective or motivation of the public policy through the political process (Birkland, 2015). They include non-membership group, citizen action group, single-issue groups etc.

The purpose and function of the three players are in the following.

The main role and the function for which the group is responsible for are as follows.

a) They are carrying the power of making or enforcing the law.

b) One of the most important functions is the endorsement of the plan of the Obama care act policy (Fyle, 2012).

c) They are responsible for making the budget bill of the policy.

The unofficial group of people carries different roles and function. Those are as follows.

a) The main role, which they carry, is like a "watchdog".

b) Their function is to protect and work as a bridge as they promote the policy so that the public interest can be increased for the Obama care act policy (Rosenbaum, 2011).

c) Under a national security and privacy security, they work as a journalist and spread information regarding the policy.

The role and the function of an interested group of people are following.

a. Employing outside employees, they are responsible for tracking and influencing the legislation of the Obama care act policy (Birkland, 2015).

b. They are working hard to educate people regarding the policy.

c. They are responsible for influencing and motivating in making the policy (Béland, Rocco, & Waddan, 2016).

A group or member of a political party carries the ability to use the hearing of oversight. It helps the party to score their political points. This process is mainly done by standing against the executive parties or the official group of people while making a policy (Béland, Rocco, & Waddan, 2016). Mostly this has happened when the executive branch or the official group of people belongs from the group or member of the opposite political party or the different party than the controlling party (Latham, 2012). In the case of the Obama care act policy, the Congress party alone opposed the policy. This party expresses speeches based on the issue to show their concerns about the citizens.

These speeches sometimes responded by positive feedback too.

Sometimes these political groups influence the different unofficial group of people. They forced the unofficial groups not to promote policies. In fact, on some special issues, they create full pressure on the official group of people not top forecast any information regarding the particular matter (Fyle, 2012). In the purpose of Obama care act policy, as the Congress stood opposite of this policy, so the Congress party created different pressurisation on the unofficial group of people so that they stopped by showing Americans any information regarding the Obama care act policy.

Position in favour of Policy

Despite there was a spike in premium of Obamacare, Dr Gruber argued that the Affordable care act has been successful which has increased the insurance coverage. Further statistics revealed that among 20 million Americans, 40 percent of the uninsured would receive health coverage. Besides the people under the poverty line, seasonal employees are all brought under the health insurance coverage as foreseen by Obamacare (Andel, Davidow, Hollander, & Moreno, 2012). However, some doctors from the NHS reflect the 40 percent being lower than that of what was expected, but the result of the policy was demonstrated through massive insurance expansion which was the largest in American history of health insurance. In fact, the Obamacare Act was highly successful when it was placed in front.

As a result of the increase in number of health insurance, there was a significant decrease in medical debt. This is a factor which the researchers feel is under-appreciated about Obama care. On the other side, there has been an argument about the outcomes which have been achieved spending less amount of money (Adler & Cannon, 2013). Besides according to health experts, the health insurance scheme might not be an absolute healthy option but it is enough to keep the individuals in financial stability. The specific pattern of the Affordable healthcare is working in a country like America where healthcare scheme is sky high and expensive compared to any other countries around the globe.

Furthermore, the approach of state-based insurance exchanges has been facilitated where the uninsured people find the insurance and also claim the much-needed subsidy. Hence the American Affordable Health Act by Obama is just the change which American citizens needed to get insured and recover the unstable financial situation (Bambra, 2011). Furthermore, people were able to become economically stable and find the needed healthcare coverage at an affordable cost. In a country like American, the Affordable Health Care Act by Obama was a revolution.

Though there has been an environment reflecting the Obamacare and its success a phenomenal situation for America, There are various other identified reasons why the Obamacare is a failure or a policy is a complete mess for the citizens.

The policy has attracted strong public opposition where oppositions reached double-digit margin due to Obama administration who approved it. Though there were people supporting the ACA by 2017, there were strong oppositions prevailing along with it. The other cause of failure was the meteoric rise of insurance costs. Though there were ideas of insurance premium going down, the law forced to cover more services (Grogan, 2011). Addition of taxes and fees had been simply passed on to the consumers and Obama care actually could not reduce the premium or rates. The other issues of failure were that the bill was created by bureaucrats and lobbyists by the people who never read the documents and as a result is full of loopholes. The organisations have capitalised on the loopholes and avoided to be negatively affected by the law. Employers had cut back the hours as well as reduced the number of staff which would have hit certain requirements. Though the Obamacare bill was aimed to cover the uninsured and reduce the cost for everyone, it would eventually leave more uninsured people by 2023. In reality, 90 percent of the people have not been impacted by the act other than increased the required coverage in terms of health. The most important reason for Obamacare being is a failure is that there is no provision for changing the bill. The Democrats had the full control in regards to both Chambers of Congress (Tulchinsky & Varavikova, 2014). When the Republicans gained the power and position there was no finding a replacement which would initiate a substitute solution.

The argument in favour would do using the normative argument. There have been arguments about President Obama breaking his promise and many people have failed in their insurance plans. However, it can be stated in favour that rollout showed that government has to stay out of the free market. Hence, the new health care plans have been identified to reduce the numbers of old insurance plans which were mere pressure from private companies. Furthermore, Obama’s health care plan has been able to grandfather the existing lousy plans available in the market. The reason behind the insurer is cancelling the plan would have been happening in an upcoming year or two. Besides, the existing plans getting cancelled had high deductibles, less or no hospital coverage, and dropped the individuals when the utmost care was needed (Berger, 2014). However, the counter arguments frame that millions of Americans have been experiencing a rise in premium which had increased. On the contrary the situation of prices going up, Obamacare is offering 47 percent coverage which is a decent addition for the people with no basic work ethics. In fact, the younger age group were forced to pay more premium than they actually needed.

Further counter arguments favoured that the healthcare initiatives in previous years had been affordable to the public and all of a sudden there is a hike in the premium prices. What makes Obamacare the best insurance till now is that since it is providing the much-needed coverage for the people who really needed the coverage, especially for the working class? On the other side, the health insurances rates were increasing by double digits across the companies. What Obamacare did was ensured the proper needed service in exchange for subsidy and premium (Grogan, 2011). The arguments have been addressed to identify Obamacare as the best healthcare which has been prevalent in America all through the years.

A normative argument approach would be utilised in this portion to analyse the arguments which go against the Obamacare policy. Obamacare has been known to have revolutionised the American healthcare market. It has been providing coverage to people according to their needs. However, the reality is far from being true. Counterarguments strongly suggest that Obamacare will not last for long. The project is forecasted to lose millions of health coverage insurers due to rising cost of premium and pressure of adding facilities later on. Independent experts do not foresee any disastrous situation depending on the situation of health care marketplace (Andel, Davidow, Hollander, & Moreno, 2012). Though the Obamacare subsidy focuses on income, premium and region. But the Republicans argued to reduce the subsidy spending and loosen the regulation to allow the public to have a part of the decision to invest on their desired health plans.

The individual mandate where the Obamacare law forced the public to have healthcare policies is argued as one of the reasons where millions of people were forced to register themselves for the insurance. However, in current situations, the individual mandate or forcing the people concept is forecasted to be removed to provide people more freedom. Furthermore, an example frames the situation of the Obamacare in reality (Rosenbaum, 2011). In Virginia, a family of four has to pay 30,000 USD per years as a cover and get a reduction of 14,400 USD. It is far more than the family pays for the mortgage for the insurance coverage. It would not help to pay even a single medical bill.

Conclusion

This assignment was dealing with public policy. For this purpose, the Affordable act care policy was chosen. This assignment provides a brief description of this policy along with its purpose and the context of problems (Béland, Rocco, & Waddan, 2016). In fact, a small suggestion or the recommendation was also attached with this to make it more understandable.

Besides that, this assignment was discussed about the players including official, unofficial and interested group of people of the policy (Fyle, 2012). The roles and the functions of each people are also provided here. In fact, the impact of the political parties over this people is also discussed here.

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