quiz
Question 1 (1 point)
(3) Archaeologists were able to discern the wild horse found at Boxgrove was hunted, rather than scavenged, by early humans because:
Question 1 options:
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only certain bone elements of the wild horse were present, showing that people took parts away |
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chimpanzees hunt, therefore early humans must have as well |
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wild horses were likely too large for them to kill effectively |
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the order of cut marks made by tools and tooth marks by hyenas show the latter occurred afterward |
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cut marks on the bones mean that early humans butchered the carcass |
(2) Chimpanzees living in the Gombe forest and the Mahale Mountains further south:
Question 2 options:
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utilize different sets of plant foods, reflecting 'cultural' differences |
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differ in the amount of meat they consume |
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do not differ in their dietary choices |
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are all 'pro-social' groups |
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display narrow dietary preferences |
(2) What characteristic does the author suggest most differentiates humans from our close primate cousins in a qualitative sense?
Question 3 options:
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We are the only species to share food outside the parent-child relationship. |
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The cyclic nature of our eating habits, structured around specific physical spaces and particular patterns of "drama" |
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The depth of human knowledge and awareness of our environments is not matched by other primates. |
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Our tools are considerably more complex than other primates. |
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We hunt other animals, whereas primates consume meat obtained opportunistically. |
(2) The author mentions that more intense socializing and wider networks of social interaction:
Question 4 options:
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require greater mental processing power |
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are displayed by chimpanzees compared to bonobos |
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exist only in groups that engage in food sharing |
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are only characteristic of modern humans compared to other primates |
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explain the emergence of social hierarchy |
(3) The 'mismatch' in archaeological evidence the author describes relates to:
Question 5 options:
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the presence of early human remains alongside the wild horse at Boxgrove |
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reconstruction of past climate that suggest early humans would not have needed to leave Africa, but they did anyway |
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early humans would have needed to navigate around packs of hyenas, and so would not likely have had time to process the wild horse carcass fast enough |
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none of the above |
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remarkably small diversity in an Acheulean tool types, but large geographic (and so ecological) diversity in where the tools are found |
(2) One dramatic observation about the difference between chimpanzees and bonobos that may help us understand the behaviors of our earliest ancestors is:
Question 6 options:
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bonobos do not hunt |
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bonobos use sex as way of negotiating a wide variety of social interactions |
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bonobo groups are dominated by a single male with a group of associated females around him (a 'harem') |
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that bonobos do not use tools, unlike chimps |
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bonobos are more closely related to humans than chimpanzees |
(3) The series of 'chapels' the author describes relate to a hypothesis attempting to explain:
Question 7 options:
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the organization of early human minds |
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ritual and artistic behavior among early humans |
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the evolution of language |
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seasonal gathering places as focal points in a landscape |
(3) The author offers a hypothesis that provided our ancestors an evolutionary advantage in their ability to get enough food and nutrition.
Question 8 options:
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big brains |
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tools |
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language |
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use of fire |
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kin cooperation |
(2) Anthropologist Mary Douglas analyzed meals among modern humans as a kind of:
Question 9 options:
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game, where individuals are attempting to maximize their prestige |
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template, because they all share the same component features |
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dialogue, where people 'converse' through food |
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evolution, as people become better at preparing particular kinds of foods |
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drama, with specific sequences of activities and behaviors |
(3) The distribution of flakes at archaeological sites, like Boxgrove, can provide archaeologists with evidence of:
Question 10 options:
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competition between different groups over a carcass |
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butchery practices |
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the location of tool manufacture |
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the location of dwellings |
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the sequence of tool manufacture |