Assignment: Short Answer Assessment
6/3/2021 Originality Report
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Word Count: 585 WK1Assgn Nwagbo N NURS 6630 Neurons.docx
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Neuroanatomy
Nnenna Nwagbo
Walden University
NURS-6630-Psychpharmacological Approach to Treat Psychopathology
Dr. Christopher Bradley
June 03, 2021
Neuroanatomy
Neuron interactions define the sensory and nervous system of a human being since they are responsible for receiving external input and sending commands to muscles to facilitate daily functions such as movement. The neuron is made up of three basic parts, the dendrites, the axon, and the soma. The dendrites receive
the input, the axon is the output station where the messages are sent from and the soma houses the neuron’s DNA (Ma & Tang, 2017). An electrical impulse sends
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6/3/2021 Originality Report
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signals through the dendrites leading to an action potential. Ions move in and out of the cell through gap junctions creating a path for the electrical impulse. The res- ult of the termination of the impulse are actions such as defense reflexes. The major components that make up the subcortical structures are the diencephalon,
pituitary gland, limbic structures, and basal ganglia. The component that plays a major role in learning, memory, and addiction is the hippocampus (Koshiyama
et al., 2018). The hippocampus is responsible for associating different memory networks, encrypting external information, and learning the relationship between en- vironmental stimuli. The two key neurotransmitters located in the nigra striatal region of the brain that play a major role in motor control are the dopamine
neurons and the pars reticulate neurons (Sonne, Reddy & Beato, 2020). The glia cells support the function of the neurons in the Central Nervous System. They
are essential in the CNS because they guide neurons to their destinations and also protect them from chemicals that would damage them. Examples of glia cells
in the CNS are oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, ependymal and microglial cells (Allens & Lyons, 2018). They maintain the neuron’s environment and support it by provid- ing nutrients and giving structural support. Synapses are the junction points where neurons communicate. The part of the neurons that communicate with each
other is the dendrite. The connection of two neurons is received through the dendrites where the presynaptic neuron passes information to the postsynaptic neuron (Ma & Tang, 2017). The information is transmitted to the axon terminal and neurotransmitters are released. Neuroplasticity is the growth and reorganization of
the brain’s neural networks throughout life. It allows the brain to adjust to new conditions such as injury or a change in the environment (Voss et al., 2017). For in- stance, if the right side of the brain is damaged, the left side may adjust to carry out some of the functions of the right. Axonal sprouting is an example of an adjust- ment by the brain to environmental change. Through axonal sprouting, axons extend to rejoin damaged neurons.
References
Allen, N. & Lyons, D. (2018). Glia as architects of central nervous system formation and function. Science, 362(6411), 181-185 DOI: 10.1126/science.aat0473
Koshiyama, D., Fukunaga, M., Okada, N. & Yamashita, F. (2018). Role of subcortical structures on cognitive and social function in schizophrenia. Scientific Re-
ports, 8, 1183 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-18950-2 Ma, J. & Tang, J. (2017). A review for dynamics in neuron and neuronal network. Nonlinear Dynamics,
89, 1569–1578. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-017-3565-3 Sonne, J., Reddy, V., Beato, M. (2020). Neuroanatomy, Substantia Nigra. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing
Voss, P., Thomas, M. E., Cisneros-Franco, J. M., & de Villers-Sidani, T. (2017). Dynamic Brains and the Changing Rules of Neuroplasticity: Implications for
Learning and Recovery. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. Published. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01657
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Student paper
June 03, 2021
Original source
03/06/2021
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The neuron is made up of three basic parts, the dendrites, the axon, and the soma.
Original source
A neuron is made up of three basic parts-dendrites, soma, and axon
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Student paper
The major components that make up the subcortical structures are the diencephalon, pituitary gland, limbic structures, and basal ganglia.
Original source
The major components that make up the subcortical structures are the diencephalon, pituitary gland, limbic structures and the basal ganglia
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Student paper
The component that plays a major role in learning, memory, and addiction is the hippo- campus (Koshiyama et al., 2018).
Original source
The component plays a role in learning, memory, and addiction is
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Student paper
The two key neurotransmitters located in the nigra striatal region of the brain that play a major role in motor control are the dopamine neurons and the pars reticulate neurons (Sonne, Reddy & Beato, 2020).
Original source
The two key neurotransmitters located in the nigra striatal region of the brain that play a major role in motor control Dopamine and GABA
6/3/2021 Originality Report
https://class.waldenu.edu/webapps/mdb-sa-BBLEARN/originalityReport/ultra?attemptId=5db52a54-d1db-43bf-a879-8119c177e605&course_id=_1684… 3/4
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The glia cells support the function of the neurons in the Central Nervous System.
Original source
How glia cells function in the central nervous system
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Examples of glia cells in the CNS are oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, ependymal and mi- croglial cells (Allens & Lyons, 2018).
Original source
Glia cells include oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, ependymal cells, and microglial cells (Allen & Lyons, 2018)
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The part of the neurons that communicate with each other is the dendrite.
Original source
The part of the neurons that are communicating with each other is the dendrites
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Neuroplasticity is the growth and reorganization of the brain’s neural networks through- out life.
Original source
Neuroplasticity is the ability of neural networks in the brain to change through growth and reorganization
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Glia as architects of central nervous system formation and function.
Original source
Glia as architects of central nervous system formation and function
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Science, 362(6411), 181-185 DOI: 10.1126/science.aat0473
Original source
Science, 362(6411), 181-185 10.1126/science.aat0473
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Role of subcortical structures on cognitive and social function in schizophrenia.
Original source
Role of subcortical structures on cognitive and social function in schizophrenia
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Scientific Reports, 8, 1183 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-18950-2 Ma, J.
Original source
8, 1183 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-18950-2 Mingazov, E
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A review for dynamics in neuron and neuronal network. Nonlinear Dynamics, 89, 1569– 1578.
Original source
A review for dynamics in neuron and neuronal network Nonlinear Dynamics, 89(3), 1569- 1578
6/3/2021 Originality Report
https://class.waldenu.edu/webapps/mdb-sa-BBLEARN/originalityReport/ultra?attemptId=5db52a54-d1db-43bf-a879-8119c177e605&course_id=_1684… 4/4
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Voss, P., Thomas, M. E., Cisneros-Franco, J. M., & de Villers-Sidani, T.
Original source
Voss, P., Thomas, M E., Cisneros-Franco, J M., & de Villers-Sidani, E
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Dynamic Brains and the Changing Rules of Neuroplasticity: Implications for Learning and Recovery. Frontiers in Psychology, 8.
Original source
Dynamic Brains and the Changing Rules of Neuroplasticity Implications for Learning and Recovery Frontiers in Psychology, 8
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https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01657
Original source
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01657