Running head: RESEARCH QUESTION 1
RESEARCH QUESTION 2
Date11/17/2018
Curse: NRS-433V
Part one
Patient name: Mr. J
Age: 55 Years
Gender: Male
Mr. J visited a healthcare facility as a result of regular severe headaches and chest pains. After several tests he was admitted for further long term medical care. As result of staying in the health care facility for long, he developed other complications which comprised of; general body weakness, difficult in swallowing, persistent diarrhea, skin rashes, nausea and excessive night sweat. After several hours of investigation the medical officers opted to carry out two test; NATs Test and antibody/antigen Test. The two tests detected both HIV antibodies and HIV antigens.
Following a study which was carried out in a medical care facility, it was found that approximately 4 out of every 15 related complications are reported per day in a hospital with capacity of admitting 184 patients. The complications reported comprise of; excessive diarrhea, difficulties in swallowing, vomiting, nausea and excessive sweating at night.
Research Question
For patients staying at home, what are the most probable strategies to ensure that there is a significant improvement in diarrhea, excess sweating, nausea, difficulties in swallowing and vomiting in comparison to long term medical care in a health care facility?
P ( population) - Population with 35 to 60 years of age, who are admitted for long-term medical care, having visible signs of HIV complication; nausea, watery diarrhea and sweating excessively etc. the study excluded patients who had been admitted for less than 72 hours.
I (intervention) - subjects were exteriorized to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test. The Western blot test was also administered in order to be able to confirm the diagnosis. The patients were given antiretroviral regimens (ARVs), the essence of this drugs was to dramatically slow the progress most of the complications associated with this disease also help in prevention of secondary infections as well as complications. A daily check is done with the aim of identifying the results for seven days. The control group was given the routine care which had been given previously.
C (comparison) - A supervised standardized quality strategies, for HIV care will be subjected to the subjects. Comparison with the control group would be carries out after six days.
O (outcome) - limitation of the new occurrence of complications associated with HIV.
T (time) - monitoring of the outcome would be carried out after every six days.
Articles
Gay, C. L., Kottorp, A., Lerdal, A., & Lee, K. A. (2016). Psychometric limitations of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale for assessing depressive symptoms among adults with HIV/AIDS: a Rasch analysis. Depression research and treatment, 2016.(SYMPTOMS)
The most regular symptoms of HIV/AIDs are; pain in the abdomen, pain while swallowing, loss of appetite, sores and persistent diarrhea. This study is meant to come up with a strategy which can be applies in order to assist people living with HIV/AIDs do that they can improve their health as well as living standards. The study is also made to look into efficiency of free medical care for people living with HIV/Aids. Approximately 75 percent of the people living with HIV/AIDS are able access free medical care in different healthcare facilities at no cost. Provision of this health care is meant to reduce the extreme effects of HIV on the body of the affected individual. An assessment for the depressive symptoms among the adults was carried out in a certain project in order to be able to establish the most appropriate strategy which can be applied in order to compel depression among people living with HIV.
Greensides, D. R., Berkelman, R., Lansky, A., & Sullivan, P. S. (2016). Alternative HIV testing methods among populations at high risk for HIV infection. Public Health Reports.
Antibody tests, RNA is meant to determine the HIV virus in the blood of an individual, enzyme-linked assay is also another test which is meant to establish the prevalence of HIV virus in the blood of an individual, In these two tests, an individual’s serum is allowed to react with virus proteins that have been produced in the laboratory. If the individual has been infected with HIV virus, then the antibodies which are in the serum usually binds to the HIV proteins, and the extent to which the binding process takes place can be determined. Negative environmental impact assessment are results are usually available in a day or so.
Kumar, L., Verma, S., Prasad, D. N., Bhardwaj, A., Vaidya, B., & Jain, A. K. (2015). Nanotechnology: a magic bullet for HIV AIDS treatment. Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology, 43(2), 71-86.
The article describes about medication for HIV aids. People who have the HIV virus should start taking ART within the shortest time possible after diagnosis. People who have HIV who have certain conditions, such as certain HIV-related illnesses and confections, it’s very vital to start ART with immediate. The article also gives a description of HIV baseline evaluation which comprises of all the information which is usually collected during an individual’s initial visits with a health care provider. Purpose of the evaluation is how far the infection has progressed in the individual. Gathering information in order to be able to decide what HIV medicines to start.
Crosby, R. A., & DiClemente, R. J. (Eds.). (2018). Structural Interventions for HIV/AIDS Prevention. Oxford University Press, USA.
The article give an analysis of various measure which can be applied in order to be able to prevent acquiring as well as transmission of HIV/AIDS. HIV is usually spread through semen, blood, vaginal fluids and breast milk. Some of the protection measure comprises of condoms every time you have sex, and don’t share needles with anyone, seeking for PrEP — a daily pill that helps prevent HIV from your medical professional. Non of this methods is 100% sure. For instance statistical analysis shows that having protected sex only assures 85% safety. While using other methods such as PreP assures a higher percentage of 93%.
Trapero-Bertran, M., & Oliva-Moreno, J. (2014). Economic impact of HIV/AIDS: a systematic review in five European countries. Health economics review, 4(1), 15.
Approximately 9,000 women work as sex workers in different cities across the world. Sex work economies and Substance utilization economies have converged to contribute to an increase in the prevalence of HIV, among high-risk groups. The major towns in these states have an HIV prevalence of 7% , this is approximately 35 times in comparison to the rate of prevalence in the national dimension. While most of the countries who have the capacity to give preventive measure and also inject drugs they have a prevalence of more than 12%.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014). HIV/AIDS basic statistics. Online at http://www. cdc. gov/hiv/basics/statistics. html. Accessed, 1.
HIV and AIDS remains one of the most persistent problem for the United States and many other countries across the world. While great progress has been made in prevention as well as treatment for HIV, there is still much which needs to be done. In 2015 it was approximated that there were 38500 new infections with HIV in the United States. Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men have the greatest burden by risk group, they represent an estimation of 26,200 of these new HIV infections. In the 2015, gay and bisexual men accounted for approximately 70% of all the new HIV infections. In that same year, people infected through heterosexual sex were approximately 24% of all new HIV infections.