Soil Labs
3/29/2020 Nutrient Management (Chapter 16) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403438/View 1/8
Nutrient Management (Chapter 16) Notes
Nutrient Management (Chapter 16) Notes
Did you know .... Did you know that proper management of nutrient applications, whether occurring in your corn field, golf course, or lawn, can help prptect our drinking water? Chapter 15 is a very important chapter to round out our nutrient discussion and detail how to manage nutrients to maximize yield, but protect our natural resources.
Lecture content notes are accompanied by videos listed below the notes in each submodule (e.g. Nutrient Management (Chapter 16) Videos A thru E). Print or download lecture notes then view videos in succession alongside lecture content and add additional notes from each video. The start of each video is noted in parenthesis (e.g. Content for Video A) within each lecture note set and contains lecture content through the note for the next video (e.g. Content for Video B).
Figures and tables unless specifically referenced are from the course text, Nature and Property of Soils, 14th Edition, Brady and Weil.
Content Video A
Nutrient Management
Goals of Nutrient Management Cost effective production of high quality plants
Efficient use and conservation of nutrient resources
Maintain and enhance soil quality
Protect environment beyond soil
Integrated Pest Management Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Sustainable approach to pest control that combines the use of prevention, avoidance, monitoring, and
AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S) LH
3/29/2020 Nutrient Management (Chapter 16) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403438/View 2/8
suppression strategies to maintain pest populations below economically damaging levels and to minimize harmful effects of pest control on human health and environmental resources.
Pest
Any species that directly or indirectly causes damage or annoyance by destroying food or fiber products, causes structural damage, or creates a poor environment for other organisms; undesirable
Source: NRCS: Nutrient and Pest Management, Conservation Planning (http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/)
Integrated Pest Management PAMS
Prevention
Avoidance
Monitoring
Suppression
Economic Threshold
Moving Target
Crop prices
Input prices
On-the-ground conditions
Overall goal – NOT to stop pesticide use, but to manage use to meet the economic, environmental, and production goals!
Source: NRCS: Nutrient and Pest Management, Conservation Planning (http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/)
Content Video B
Best Management Practices Pesticide Application
Follow label directions
Follow application directions
Be a good neighbor!
BMP Mainstays
Buffer strips – dense vegetation along water body edge
Cover Crops – vegetative cover
Conservation Tillage - keep at least 30% of soil surface covered
Buffer Strips
3/29/2020 Nutrient Management (Chapter 16) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403438/View 3/8
http://www.mda.state.mn.us/protecting/conservation/practices/buffergrass.aspx
Cover Crops
http://www.prairiecreekseed.com/covercrops.php
http://www.prairiecreekseed.com/covercrops.php
3/29/2020 Nutrient Management (Chapter 16) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403438/View 4/8
http://www.extension.iastate.edu/NR/rdonlyres/276612B5-DA8A-460F-B829- 666414FD3E3C/174104/0924Tylkaphoto.jpg
http://craftsmanship.net/new-idea-for-commodity-exports/
Content Video C
Animal Manure Oldest form of fertilization
Environmental issues – Massive amount – CAFOs
Nutritional amounts vary with species and management
Requires tons material to meet crop needs
Transportation and carry costs high
Highly regulated based on size and potential to discharge
Nutrient Management Plans
Highly detailed monitoring of entire operation
Liquid waste more complicated plans
Not just for CAFOS – conservation management plans useful for ANYONE!
Inorganic Fertilizer
3/29/2020 Nutrient Management (Chapter 16) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403438/View 5/8
Fertilizer Grades
http://warnerfc.com/
Conversion Factors 13-13-13: How much actual P and K am I applying?
Molecular Weights: P = 31, K = 39, O = 16
Multiply Phosphate by 0.44 to yield actual P
Multiply Potash by 0.83 to yield actual K
Text Reference: Table 16.13 and Box 16.3
Content Video E
Soil Testing and Recommendations Understand crop requirements for growth
Soil test to determine extractable levels nutrients in soils (P,K, Micronutrients, pH, etc.)
3/29/2020 Nutrient Management (Chapter 16) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403438/View 6/8
TN – Meilich I Extractants for analysis
Soil test values NOT nutrient availability
Recommendations based on crop response
Calibration of data – crop, soil type, weather conditions ($$$)
Categorize based on RESPONSE to additional nutrients
very low, low, medium, optimum, and very high ranges
Look to add amendments to reach optimum range
Traditionally – Fertilizer Crop Now – Fertilize to meet deficiency
Soil Test vs Yield Response
http://plantandsoil.unl.edu/pages/
3/29/2020 Nutrient Management (Chapter 16) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403438/View 7/8
Content Video F
Soil Sampling Representative Sample
Junk in – Junk out
Wide range of philosophies
Grid vs Zone Sampling
Acreage/sample varies
Depth – Use depth used to calibrate response curves
Normally 6”
Time of year - Be consistent!
Fertilizer Application Methods Various Strategies of Application
Majority our region – granular or liquid application – surface
Anhydrous Ammonia – Gas – Injection
Some micronutrients foliar applied
Split application of N common for corn (and even wheat)
Time of Application
Close to time when plant needs it as possible
Nitrification inhibitors
Liebig's Law of the Minimum
P Index
3/29/2020 Nutrient Management (Chapter 16) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403438/View 8/8
Reflect in ePortfolio Download Print
Risk assessment tool for potential P movement to surface water
Parameters – Long list
Soil texture
Soil cover and cropping practices
BMPs
Runoff Class (slope)
Annual Rainfall
Distance to surface water
Rating – Low (1) to High (8)
Management tool for P additions – Important tool with CAFOS and manure management
Comprehensive Nutrient Management Do not add nutrients just to add them!
Soil test – Get recommendations based on actual soil data
Utilize BMPs – Cover crops, conservation tillage, buffer strips
Variable Rate technology – precision ag
Ultimate Goal: Maximize yield while maintaining, preserving, and enhancing natural resources
Review Goals of nutrient management
What is IPM?
Define BMP with examples and how they work
What is a fertilizer grade?
Task: View this topic
Activity Details