Hypertension is a situation where a person’s blood pressure in specific body parts mainly arteries is increasingly high and this condition results into many different complications to one’s body hence it’s very dangerous.
Hyperlipidemia, is a body situation where there are a lot of fat proteins or the famously known lipids in the blood of a person’s body which may be seen as a disorder because the lipids rise rapidly.
Diabetes metellus, is a situation that happens when the body is unable to consume the sugar specifically glucose, in the normal way that the body is used to.
Clinical Manifestations
Hypertension has no specific symptoms and to come up with a conclusion that a patient is suffering from high blood pressure requires some medical checkup and in case it takes much longer to be treated it might result into heart diseases or even lead to stroke. However, there are some symptoms that may accompany a person suffering from high blood pressure that would lead one to get diagnised and they include severe headaches, fatigue, irregular heartbeat, chest pain and even vision problems. For anemia, some of the symptoms observed when one is suffering from this disease include fatigue, skin pallor, dizziness, breath shortness, headache, some weakness and malaise (Baneth, 2016).
Hyperlipidemia too lacks specific symptoms and so it requires one to get diagnised. However, there are some symptoms associated with the disease and include cramping while walking, chest pain and also heart attack at a young age. Diabetes metellus happens to be classified into two types but the various symptoms for the broad disease include fatigue, blurred vision, skin and gum infections, increased thirst and frequent urination.
Conditions for each disease
Hypertension includes taking regular physical activities, limiting the amount of alcohol consumed, maintaining a healthy weight and also eating a heart-healthy diet which means one should consume foods with less amounts of salt (Galis, 2016). For anemia, treatment depends on its cause but in general, a patient may acquire treatment through medication, diet changes, chemotherapy, oxygen administration and even intake of pain relieving drugs. For hyperlipidemia, it all takes lifestyle changes to recover and may include having healthy diets by taking foods with less fats, weight loss and also doing lots of exercise. For diabetes metellus, management aims to keep the blood sugar levels in the normal conditions and its treatment may include getting regular exercises, regularly checking blood sugar levels, healthy diet plan and also taking insulin as prescribed.
Nursing Care Plan
Diet
For a hypertensive patient, it’s advisable to take foods rich in grains, vegetables, fruits and low-fat dairy products. For anemic patients, taking foods rich in dark, leafy greens, nuts and seeds, meat, seafood and beans helps a patient acquire iron required in the body. For a diabetes metellus patient, one should take fruits, greens, raw cooked vegetables and low calorie drinks (Musso, 2015).
Discharge planning
For hypertension, a patient should take medicine as prescribed, make a change to their lifestyle for instance limiting fast foods and also do a follow-up care by making an appointment. For anemia, it involves taking medicines as prescribed, contact your health doctor when your symptoms are in bad condition or when there are questions related to a patient’s condition or even call 911 in case you lose consciousness. For diabetes metellus, a patient should take medicine as prescribed, eat as prescribed and also do a follow up with the doctor (Thompson, 2016).
Patient education
For hypertension patient, there should be information exchange, developing a coping behavior to the prescriptions and also enhances support from the society to the patient. For anemia patient, it depends on the cause of the disease but a patient should know how to eat more iron foods for example liver. For diabetes metellus patient, it takes one to avoid smoke, making commitments to manage their illness, making a schedule for physical activities and also drinking responsibly (Malebranche, 2016).
References
Baneth, G., Nachum-Biala, Y., Halperin, T., Hershko, Y., Kleinerman, G., Anug, Y., ... & Straubinger, R. K. (2016). Borrelia persica infection in dogs and cats: clinical manifestations, clinicopathological findings and genetic characterization. Parasites & vectors, 9(1), 244.
Malebranche, R., Moyo, C. T., Morisset, P. H., Raphael, N. A., & Wilentz, J. R. (2016). Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics and outcomes in congestive heart failure at the Hospital of The State University of Haiti. American heart journal, 178, 151-160.
Musso, C. G., Jauregui, J. R., & Núñez, J. F. M. (2015). Frailty phenotype and chronic kidney disease: a review of the literature. International urology and nephrology, 47(11), 1801-1807.
Thompson, S., Lovett, N., Pendlebury, S., & Evans, J. G. (2016). Oxford Case Histories in Geriatric Medicine. Oxford University Press.
Galis, Z. S. (2016, January). Hypertension Update: Quo Vadimus?. In Cardiology (Vol. 134, Pp. 319-319). Allschwilerstrasse 10, Ch-4009 Basel, Switzerland: Karger.