Critical Thinking Assignment: Write an Introduction

6

Annotated Bibliography

Student’s Name

Course

Instructor’s name.

Institutional Affiliation

October 7, 2021.

Annotated Bibliography

Ali, H., Ibrahem, S. Z., Al Mudaf, B., Al Fadalah, T., Jamal, D., & El-Jardali, F. (2018). Baseline assessment of patient safety culture in public hospitals in Kuwait. BMC Health Services Research, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-2960-x

The researchers conducted a cross-sectional study in 16 public hospitals in Kuwait using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC). The study aimed to assess patient safety culture in public hospitals as perceived by hospital staff and relate the findings similar to regional and international study findings.  There was a low representation from physicians but the authors managed to obtain input from different healthcare providers which gave a more comprehensive view on patient safety culture. According to the authors, the overall hospital culture reflects on the actions of the facility regarding patient safety and it is evident in patient outcomes. Patient safety culture is important for healthcare facilities wishing to improve the safety and quality of medical services. 

Alquwez, N., Cruz, J. P., Almoghairi, A. M., Al-otaibi, R. S., Almutairi, K. O., Alicante, J. G., & Colet, P. C. (2018). Nurses’ perceptions of patient safety culture in three hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 50(4), 422-431. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12394

The authors of this article used a descriptive cross-sectional design to assess the patient safety culture of chosen general hospitals in Saudi Arabia based on nurses’ perceptions. Nurses play a bigger part in safeguarding patients since they act as the frontline advocates as the key implementers of quality and safety initiatives in the clinical setting. The purpose of the study was to provide an assessment of the safety culture in the specified hospitals as a way of understanding the strengths and weaknesses of the existing culture. The study evaluated the beliefs, norms, and practices in three public hospitals. The study recommended the establishment of non-punitive culture and training of nurses working across all hospital units to promote a safety culture.

Amiri, M., Khademian, Z., & Nikandish, R. (2018). The effect of nurse empowerment educational program on patient safety culture: A randomized controlled trial. BMC Medical Education, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-018-1255-6

A patient safety culture is where healthcare workers are aware of errors and are encouraged to discuss them to improve the quality and safety of care. patient safety culture is associated with few adverse events and lower rates of patient complications as a result of medical errors. It improves the ability of nurses to learn from mistakes and improve patient care. The study involved a randomized controlled trial of 60 nurses and 20 supervisors of three selected hospitals. The study aimed at providing valuable information on patient safety culture. The authors recommended healthcare facilities and hospitals improve patient safety culture by employing adequate staff and encouraging health care staff to report cases of medical errors.

Carvalho, R. E., Arruda, L. P., Nascimento, N. K., Sampaio, R. L., Cavalcante, M. L., & Costa, A. C. (2017). Assessment of the culture of safety in public hospitals in Brazil. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem, 25(0). https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.1600.2849

 The authors administered Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) to healthcare practitioners in three public hospitals in Brazil. The study hypothesis is that the in-depth assessment of patient safety culture allows a wider view of the factors affecting patient safety in the hospitals. The assessment of patient safety culture entails planning of actions targeting the quality care for patients emphasizing organizational improvement. The findings of this study complemented similar studies conducted in Hungary and Norway, in all these studies, the health care professionals presented a good perception of stressing factors in their working environment. The findings show that problems concerning workload and restrictions on autonomy result in aversion and emotional exhaustion to the patient.

Danielsson, M., Nilsen, P., Rutberg, H., & Årestedt, K. (2017). A national study of patient safety culture in hospitals in Sweden. Journal of Patient Safety, 15(4), 328-333. https://doi.org/10.1097/pts.0000000000000369

According to Danielsson et al., 2017, failures in health care have been associated with weak patient safety culture which contributes to adverse events. Safety culture is how safety is seen and treated by members of organizations. The study involved cross-sectional surveys of health care practitioners in Swedish health care. The findings indicated that culture dimensions HSPSC contributes to the overall patient safety than background characteristics, showing that the dimensions are vital in the efforts to improve the patient safety culture. The findings were consistent with other studies concerning specific. A greater level of patient safety culture implies an increased possibility for high patient safety. High overall patient care among providers was associated with age, professional experience, and leadership position.

Farokhzadian, J., Dehghan Nayeri, N., & Borhani, F. (2018). The long way ahead to achieve an effective patient safety culture: Challenges perceived by nurses. BMC Health Services Research, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3467-1

This study aimed to explore the nurses’ experiences of the factors influencing the implementation and incorporation of a safety culture in healthcare. The prevalence of safety incidents and clinical risks are on the rise every day and this has become an increasing challenge in healthcare. Although there is little information concerning the extent of the problem, many people suffer injuries or death as a result of clinical errors. The study employed a content analysis method. The essential components for improving safety culture in hospitals include leadership support, teamwork, communication, and an objective culture while prioritizing learning and reporting in the facility. Patient safety culture emphasizes predictive and preventive measures of safety.

Gutberg, J., & Berta, W. (2017). Understanding middle managers’ influence in implementing patient safety culture. BMC Health Services Research, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2533-4

Gutberg, 2017 responds to the calls for research on explicating factors affecting efforts to implement fundamental changes in healthcare contexts, and emphasizes patient safety culture as the radical change implementation. Leadership is the most impactful aspect promoting the move towards a patient safety culture. Gutberg proposed that middle managers can use their position in the organization to engage upper and lower-level managers in promoting a patient safety culture. Middle managers can do this through their communication role as a link between the upper and low-level managers. According to the study, organizations' leadership plays an important role in the implementation of change and it affects substantial reforms in organizations, particularly the organizational culture change efforts.

Lawati, M. H., Dennis, S., Short, S. D., & Abdulhadi, N. N. (2018). Patient safety and safety culture in primary health care: A systematic review. BMC Family Practice, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-018-0793-7

Millions of patients globally suffer injuries, disabilities, or death every year due to unsafe medical practices. This has increased the recognition of the significance of patient safety and the integration of patient safety approaches into the strategic plans of healthcare organizations. This study involved the review of articles on the topic. The important step to improve patient safety culture is addressing and understanding the safety culture of the organization. This will enable the organization to identify its weaknesses and areas of improvement. Other essential aspects to improve patient safety culture include; communication openness, patient care follow-up, and work pressure. The area that requires attention in ensuring patient safety is the number of staff and providers to handle patients.

Smith, S. A., Yount, N., & Sorra, J. (2017). Exploring relationships between hospital patient safety culture and consumer reports safety scores. BMC Health Services Research, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2078-6

The authors hypothesized that patient safety culture is associated with hospital outcomes.  Smith et al. assessed health care staff and provider perceptions on patient safety issues, event reporting, and medical errors. Other studies have linked patient safety culture with patient experience. Some authors have found that there is a relationship between patient safety culture and the indicators of safety, which are normally used to calculate Hospital Safety Score. Higher patient safety culture scores indicate were fewer adverse events associated with medical errors in hospitals. This research lays the groundwork for further research on the relationships between care staff and provider perceptions of patient safety culture and the reported patient safety scores.

Wu, C., Wu, H., Lee, Y., & Huang, C. (2019). What attributes determine overall satisfaction in patient safety culture? An empirical study of the perceptions of hospital staff in Taiwan. Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 49(1), 20180713. https://doi.org/10.1520/jte20180713

The authors administered Safety Attitudes Questionnaires (CSAQ) to staff in hospitals through an online survey application.  The findings of the study were similar to those of previous research, the understanding of patient safety culture perceptions among different medical staff helps hospital management to implement policies that are explicitly oriented toward improving safety and quality strategies.  Wu et al. recommend that health care organizations should consider employing well-trained personnel and promoting concordant teams and higher-level managers must adopt policies that improve the working environment. Patient safety culture is not only important for patients but also impacts the overall satisfaction of nurses, physicians, other health care professionals, and administrative staff.