Reflection
401206
Module 1:
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health status
Aboriginal Flag
Torres Strait Islander Flag
Australian, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Flags
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Important Copyright Notice for Western Sydney University Students
The material in this presentation has been made available to you by and on behalf of Western Sydney University for your personal use and study only.
The material contained in this recorded lecture is subject to copyright protection.
You may not make any further copies and share the recorded lectures in whole or in part by any hardcopy, digital and or online technologies.
© 2018 Elders on Campus, Office of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Employment and Engagement, Western Sydney University
This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission from the Elders on Campus, Office of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Employment and Engagement, Western Sydney University. Requests and enquiries concerning reproduction should be addressed to OATSIEE
© 2018 Elders on Campus, Office of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Employment and Engagement, Western Sydney University
This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission from the Elders on Campus, Office of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Employment and Engagement, Western Sydney University. Requests and enquiries concerning reproduction should be addressed to OATSIEE
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WARNING: THIS PRESENTATION MAY CONTAIN NAMES AND IMAGES OF ABORIGINAL AND TORRES STRAIT ISLANDER PEOPLE WHO ARE NOW DECEASED.
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Expectations of the unit
Respectful to each other and the tutor in the class
Engage
Listen to your self and others
Reflect on your personal and particular relationship to an issue or theme. How is it influencing your thinking?
Include and support each other
Ask for help and support
Do the research before challenging the research
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Learning Outcomes: On completion of this tutorial and the online student workbook, students will be able to:-
On completion of Module 1 students will be able to:
Explain the expectations of the 401206 unit
Describe the Close the Gap campaign
Understand the standards of practice for nurses and midwives in relation to Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander people and the need to deliver culturally competent care
Understand key concepts associated with the development of nurses cultural capabilities when engaging with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
Understand WSU protocols and terminology when working with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people
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Tutorial 1: Plan
Introduction to the Aboriginal map of Australia and Welcome/ Acknowledgement of Country.
Lecture: Prof. Lisa Jackson Pulver– Closing the Gap
Seven targets of the Close the Gap Campaign
The need for culturally competent care and the Nursing & Midwifery Codes of Practice
Nurses cultural capabilities
Definition of Aboriginality and appropriate terminology
Review of Learning Guide, online student handbook and critical reflective writing
Closing the Gap video
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On who’s land are the university campuses located?
Bankstown and Liverpool Campus' are located on the traditional lands of the Cabrogal Peoples.
Campbelltown Campus located on the traditional lands of the D’harawal Peoples.
Hawkesbury Campus located in Richmond on the traditional lands of the Darug Peoples.
Parramatta Campus located in Rydalmere on the traditional lands of the Burramattagal Peoples.
Penrith Campus located in Kingswood and Werrington on the traditional lands of the Darug Peoples.
(Office of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Employment and Engagement (OATSIEE), Western Sydney University 2019)
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Welcome to Country (click on links below)
Please play the relevant Welcome to Country video for your campus
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Welcome to Country
A “Welcome to Country” is a sacred, symbolic ceremony that has been celebrated since time began. Aboriginal people have a spiritual connection to country. It is a Cultural Protocol where Traditional Owners welcome people to visit and meet on the traditional land. This is a significant recognition and is made through a formal cultural process where protocols are followed according to each clan estate.
(Office of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Employment and Engagement (OATSIEE), Western Sydney University (WSU))
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Activity 1: Acknowledgement of Country
“Acknowledgement of Country” is a way the wider community can demonstrate respect for Aboriginal protocols and it can be given by anyone that is participating in an occasion of any kind. Acknowledgement of Country is a respectful means of acknowledging the event or meeting is taking place on the Country of the Traditional Owners. However, it should not replace a ‘Welcome to Country’ where an Elder or endorsed representative (or representatives) of the local traditional owners is available.
When would a Welcome to country or Acknowledgement to Country be performed?
(Office of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Employment and Engagement (OATSIEE), Western Sydney University (WSU))
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Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health: The Close the ‘Gap’ Campaign
Australia has a quality of life that is one of the best in the world, but for many Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people this is not the case. ‘Gaps’ exist between the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non-Aboriginal people in life expectancy and health status and in 2008, the ‘Close the Gap’ campaign launched measurable targets, the aim being to eliminate health inequalities by 2030.
(Prime Ministers Report. Close the Gap 2018)
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Activity 2: Watch Professor Lisa Jackson-Pulver The Close the Gap campaign podcast
Lisa trained as a registered nurse. She continued her training in epidemiology and public health and was the first recorded Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander person to be awarded a PhD in Medicine by the University of Sydney.
(click on the link below and scroll down to the bottom of the page. Type in Lisa into the box that says search for video and the link for the lecture will appear).
Indigenous health policy, closing the gap.
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The Seven Targets of the Close the Gap Campaign
Halve the gap in child mortality by 2018
Have 95 per cent of all Indigenous four-year-olds enrolled in early childhood education by 2025
To close the gap in school attendance by 2018
To halve the gap in reading and numeracy by 2018
To halve the gap in Year 12 attainment by 2020
To halve the gap in employment by 2018
Close the gap in life expectancy by 2031
(Prime Ministers Report. Close the Gap 2019)
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Nursing & Midwifery Codes of Conduct
In supporting the health of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander peoples, nurses and midwives must:
Provide care that is holistic, free of bias and racism, challenges belief based upon assumption and is culturally safe and respectful for Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander peoples
Advocate for and act to facilitate access to quality and culturally safe health services for Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander peoples
Recognise the importance of family, community, partnership and collaboration in the healthcare decision-making of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander peoples, for both prevention strategies and care delivery
(Nursing Midwifery Board of Australia, Code of Conduct for Nurses, Code of Conduct for Midwives , 2018 p.9)
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The need for nurses to develop their cultural capabilities
Cultural awareness
(Coffin, 2007)
Cultural safety
Cultural security
Brokerage
Cultural Protocols
This diagram
illustrates how cultural
security is built on
cultural safety, which
in turn is built on
cultural awareness
Nurses need to develop their critical reflective skills and examine their attitudes and beliefs towards Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander people in order to engage in cultural safety
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Definition of an Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander person
An Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander person is any person:
being of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent
identifying as an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander person and
being accepted as such by the community in which you live, or formerly lived.
(Office of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Employment and Engagement (OATSIEE), Western Sydney University 2019)
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Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander population 2016 CENSUS
Greater Western Sydney Region has the largest urban population of Aboriginal inhabitants in NSW.
In the 2016 Census, nearly 40,782 of the 2.1 million residents counted in Greater Western Sydney said that they had Aboriginal and/ or Torres Strait Islander origins.
In Australia there approximately 3% of the population is Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islanders descent
(ABS Census of Population and Housing, 2016)
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Terminology
Aboriginal person/people/s
Torres Strait Islander people/s
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people (It is not appropriate to abbreviate to ATSI, TI or TSI needs to be written in full and with capital letters as shown)
Where possible find out the local cultural group and use specific name/s
Elder with a capital E
(Office of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Employment and Engagement (OATSIEE), Western Sydney University 2019
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Activity 3: Terminology
Aborigine or Aborigines is outdated and not be used.
What other terms associated with Aboriginal communities are appropriate?
What other terms should not be used?
(Office of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Employment and Engagement (OATSIEE), Western Sydney University 2019
Who is an Elder?
An Elder is an Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Person who has gained recognition as a custodian of knowledge and lore, and who has permission to disclose knowledge and beliefs.
In some instances Aboriginal people above a certain age will refer to themselves as Elders. In traditional Aboriginal culture, age alone does not necessarily mean that one is recognised as an Elder.
Aboriginal people traditionally refer to an Elder as 'Aunty' or 'Uncle but it is recommended that non-Aboriginal people check the appropriateness of their use of these terms.
The Elders of each Country know the boundaries of their land and have handed this knowledge down from generation to generation.
(Office of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Employment and Engagement (OATSIEE), Western Sydney University 2019)
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Engaging and working with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples and Communities
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities are as diverse as any other community and are not all one cultural group.
Too often it is assumed that one Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Person is the knowledge holder and the sole voice for the whole community.
An Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Person’s traditional lands and their connection to Country need to be recognised and respected.
Recognition is a fundamental starting point to understanding traditional Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures.
(Office of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Employment and Engagement (OATSIEE), Western Sydney University 2019)
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Learning Guide & Online Student Handbook
You can contact the Unit Coordinator/Deputy Unit Coordinator via the following email address: 401206@westernsydney.edu.au
Assessments:
Four weekly quizzes which start in Week 2 and finish at the end of Week 5 covering
Modules 1 – 4
Reflections – Two 750 word reflective pieces
Final closed book exam
There are eight online Module Student Workbooks that you need to complete prior to tutorial attendance. They are an important resource for the four online quizzes and the final exam at the end of semester.
Activity 4: Critical Reflective Writing
Think about a topic/issue that you are going to reflect over?
Review the marking rubric?
Access the Module 2 Student Workbook, use the Gibbs Reflective Framework and record your thoughts for this week
Start thinking about critical reflective writing it is as assessment item
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Activity 5: Closing the gap
Watch the video: Closing the Gap
References
ABS Census of Population and Housing (2016). http://www.abs.gov.au/census
Coffin, J. (2007). Rising to the challenge in Aboriginal health by creating cultural security. Aboriginal and Islander Health Worker Journal, 31(3), 22-24.
Nursing Midwifery Board of Australia, Code of Conduct for Nurses (2018). Accessed 15/2/18 from http://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/Professional-standards.aspx
Nursing Midwifery Board of Australia, Code of Conduct for Midwives (2018). Accessed 15/2/18 from http://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/Professional-standards.aspx
Office of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Employment and Engagement (OATSIEE), Western Sydney University (WSU accessed 17/2/18 fromcountry https://www.westernsydney.edu.au/oatsiee/aboriginal_and_torres_strait_islander_employment_and_engagement/acknowledgement_of_
Prime Ministers Report (2018). Closing the Gap. Accessed 15/2/19 from http://closingthegap.pmc.gov.au/sites/default/files/ctg-report-2018.pdf?a=1
Prime Ministers Report (2019). Closing the Gap. Accessed 15/2/19 from
https://www.pmc.gov.au/news-centre/indigenous-affairs/closing-gap-2019-report
Queensland Health (no date). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultural capability.https://www.health.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0031/147919/terminology.pdf
Secretariat of National Aboriginal and Islander Child Care. (2018). Supporting Carers to Care for Our Children. http://www.supportingcarers.snaicc.org.au/social-and-emotional-wellbeing/wellbeing/
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