Organization Development
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Failure to comply Operational costs Orders, sales Customer complaints Failure to innovate
Change initiatives driven by a mismatch expectations-performance..
…a ‘perceived performance gap’ (Boddy, 2011)
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Change management: Lewin’s ‘3 step model’
Unfreezing
Moving
Refreezing
Define objective
Allocate responsibility
Fix deadlines/milestones
Set budgets
5. Monitor/control
(Source: Boddy, 2011)
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Is ‘resistance’ to change inevitable?
Think of a time when you made a change in your life that went well? How did it happen?
What were the factors that made it such a good experience?
Are there times when you have resisted change? Why?
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Harvard Business Review
Forming a guiding coalition (75%)
Communicating the vision
Creating short term wins
Institutionalization
Role of communication…
…beyond demands or
exhortation…
…. such that the need for change is elaborated in terms which have the potential to forge a coalition ..
…that the process engages with the views, concerns and fears of those working in the organization.
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References
BECKHARD, R., 1969. Organization development: Strategies and models. ERIC.
CHEUNG-JUDGE, M. and HOLBECHE, L., 2015. Organisation Development-A practitioners guide for OD and HR. 2nd edn. London: Kogan Page.
KUBR, M., 2002. Management consulting: A guide to the profession. International
Labour Organization.
LEWIN, K., 1951. Field theory in social change. New York.
MCKINSEY & COMPANY, 2013-last update, About Us. Available:
http://www.mckinsey.com/about_us [Jan 2nd, 2013].
GALLOS, J. 2006 Organisation Development: A Jossey Bass Reader. New York: Jossey Bass
BODDY, D. 2011 Management: An Introduction. London: Pearson
Further references
Burke, W. Warner, and George H. Litwin. "A causal model of organizational performance and change." Journal of management 18.3 (1992): 523-545.
Burnes, Martins, N. and Coetzee, M., 2009. Applying the Burke-Litwin model as a diagnostic framework for assessing organisational effectiveness. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 7(1), pp.1-13.
Burnes, B., & Cooke, B. (2012). The past, present and future of organization development: Taking the long view. Human Relations, 65(11), 1395-1429.
D'Amato, A. and Zijlstra, F.R., 2008. Psychological climate and individual factors as antecedents of work outcomes. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 17(1), pp.33-54.
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Thanks for your attention!