lab report
Lab 8 Lab Report
Student #: __________
/36
Summer 2020
Lab 8.1 (22 marks)
Exercise 1 (11m)
Table 1
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Population size |
Significant change in allele frequency (>25%)? (y/n) |
Trend (increase/ decrease/ none) |
Allele fixed? (y/n) |
# generations (<25, 25-50, 50-75, 75-100) This does not apply if allele is never fixed |
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10000 |
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1000 |
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500 |
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100 |
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50 |
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10 |
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2. [1m] For the same population size, is there a consistent trend in allele frequency (does it increase or decrease consistently)?
3. [1m] As population size decreases, what happens to the effect of genetic drift (does the allele frequency change significantly)?
4. [2m] As population size decreases, what happens to the likelihood of an allele getting fixed? Does the allele always become fixed at a given population size? If the allele is fixed, does it reach 0 or 1?
5. [1m] What can you conclude from these results about the nature of genetic drift?
Exercise 2 (11m)
6. [1m] What is the mean beak depth (red line in Figure 2.2)?
7. [1m] What is the range of beak depth?
8. [1m] What was the mean beak depth in 1978?
9. [2m] Did the finch population evolve from 1976 to 1978? Explain your answer.
10. [6m] How does the change in beak depth fulfill the 3 conditions necessary for natural selection? Provide evidence for each from the information provided above. We will assume that reproduction is almost always the case, so consider the other three conditions here.
Condition #1
Condition #2
Condition #3
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Lab 8.2 (14 marks)
Exercise 1 (6m)
Decide whether each statement is true or false. (1m each)
1. The evolutionary fitness associated with the heritable trait of antibiotic resistance changed once antibiotic use became widespread.
2. TB-causing bacteria became more resistant to antibiotics over time.
3. When antibiotics were widely used, TB-causing bacteria with antibiotic resistance had greater evolutionary fitness than those lacking antibiotic resistance.
4. Genes for antibiotic resistance may have been present but rare prior to antibiotic use.
5. Genes for antibiotic resistance arose by mutation during the period of antibiotic use because of selection for antibiotic resistance.
6. A TB-causing bacteria (one bacterium) evolved resistance to antibiotics in order to survive.
Exercise 2 (8m)
11. [6m] Identify the organism for each letter below. Identify the likely diet (herbivore, omnivore or carnivore) for each mammal shown below. Give at least three reasons for your choice in each case.
A.
B.
C.
D.
12. [2m] Describe (with examples) how adaptive radiation has given rise to specialized dentition in mammals.
2
BISC 100 – FIC