Week 11 - Climate Change Paper
ITS 832 Chapter 16
Analysis of Five Policy Cases in the Field of Energy Policy
Information Technology in a Global Economy
Professor Michael Solomon
1
Overview
Introduction
Theoretical grounds of policy implementation
Approaches to policy implementation
Five case studies
Lessons learned
Conclusion
Introduction
Population and burning fossil fuels
Factors of high pollution
Environmental policy is high priority
Most nations initiated projects to improve climate
Focus
Sustainable energy management
Renewable energy sources
Five case studies on climate change and energy use
Comparative investigation
What approaches are used?
How can implications be measured?
How easily can approaches be applied to other domains?
Theoretical Grounds of Policy Implementation
Policy implementation
Turning theory into practice
Gaps often occur / Formulated versus implemented policy
Instruments for climate change policy
Financial measures
Legal / regulatory instruments
Organizational measures
Certificates or marketable permits / quotas
Policy instruments for renewable energy
Regulations and standards
Quantity instruments
Price instruments
Public procurement
Auction
Approaches to Policy Implementation
Top-down
Policies are communicated from policy-makers
Bottom-up
Focus is on policy implementers
Macro- and micro-implementation
Macro - Government -> local authorities
Micro – Local government -> local polices
Principal-agent theory
Policy makers (principals) delegate responsibility to officials (agents)
Investigating Five Case Studies
Assessing the EU Policy Package in Climate Change and Renewables
German Nuclear Phase-Out and Energy Transition Policy
KNOWBRIDGE: Cross-Border Knowledge Bridge in the RES Cluster in East Slovakia and North Hungary
KSR’s Strategy for the Use of Renewable Energy Sources
MODEL: Management of Domains Related to Energy in Local Authorities
Lessons Learned
Main common focus
Renewable energy sources
Some projects defined clear goals
Dates
Quantifiable targets
Others focused on long-term strategies
Precise targets versus investigating issues
Biggest takeaway
Involving consumers in policy making increases implementation success
Conclusion
Climate change and transition to RES is a serious issue
Awareness is growing
But not fast enough
Public policy is necessary to move away from fossil fuels
Projects show how RES can be possible and sustainable
However
Transition to RES is expensive
One reason for slow adoption