ITEC1
Discussion-1 (75words) - Comments
Social Media as a Means to Interact With the Public and Influence Policy to Solve the Problem on Pollution
The themes as addressed in chapter 1, relate closely to policy making issues. For instance, the problem of pollution is one that has been in existence for a long while. The federal government has in the past set up policies that aimed at controlling the rates of pollution with the intention of mitigating the health and environmental risks that have been associated with pollution. However, despite the attempts of the government to manage pollution through the policies they devise and enforce, the implementation of such policies is often difficult as the public is often adamant in adhering to those policies. Janssen et al. (2015) nonetheless argue that digital developments such as social media if incorporated into the policy making processes can influence how the policy can be tailored to capture the concerns of the federal government as well as meet the knowledge needs of the public. Often the public is unaware or unresponsive to policies concerning pollution because they are left out in the policy formulation process and only involved at the enforcement stage. This brings about the development of policy making. One of the most significant developments is ubiquitous user engagement.
Ubiquitous user engagement involves the analysis of the users and their reactions to various policies. Social media has greatly contributed to the availability of user data. For the process of policy making to be successful, both the policy makers and those required to abide by those policies are required to reach an equal understanding before any policy is formulated, implemented or worse enforced. In a case where the government desires to make policies about air pollution, the public should feel involved in the process for them to understand and accept the policies. The development of social media allows for the government and other institutions to interact with the general public and gather relevant data for their activities. For policy creation social media platforms stand to offer a larger number of respondents than on-site research methods could. The rich information the government stands to receive from the public through social media can be used to formulate policies that the public will understand and fair and easy to abide by because they contributed to the formulation process. When all teams agree at the formulation stage, the implementation, evaluation and enforcement of policies become much easier ( Sutcliffe , 2017).
References
Janssen, M., Wimmer, M. A., & Deljoo, A. (Eds.). (2015). Policy practice and digital science: Integrating complex systems, social simulation and public administration in policy research (Vol. 10). Springer.
Sutcliffe D. (2017). How Policy Makers Can Extract Meaningful Public Opinion Data from Social Media To Inform Their Actions. Retrieved from https://blogs.oii.ox.ac.uk/policy/extracting-meaningful-public-opinion-data-from-social-media-to-inform-policy-makers/
Discussion-2 (75words) - Comments
According to Janssen (2015), policy-making process and implementation of the same are vital in dealing with the ever-constant societal issues. He argues that however costly a policy intervention can be, if well implemented, its effects would help solve many problems in society. The use of Communication and Information technologies has revolutionized the way the policymaking process is conducted. The ICT models create a framework in which policies are developed and implemented. Today, the use of e-government policy e-policy, data management has become a new way to formulating policies within government agencies.
Development in policy management, for instance, has been used in many countries to deal with the unemployment problem. Using ICT, the responsible agencies within the government can collect substantial information to help deal with the problem. Using modern data collection methods, reliable agencies can record the causes of unemployment within their country, a number of unemployed people, causative factors, among others. After collecting data, the institution can come up with remedies to the problem (Janssen, 2015). Some of the solutions may be to expand the private sector where young people can be able to start up their own business.
In conclusion, modern policy development methods can help address the majority of the societal problems we face today. Policymaking today has been erased, making it possible to come up with sustainable solutions within a concise time. With the use of the right personnel in policymaking, solutions to a majority of societal problems will be an easy task.
References
Janssen, M., Wimmer, M. A., & Deljoo, A. (Eds.). (2015). Policy practice and digital science: Integrating complex systems, social simulation and public administration in policy research (Vol. 10). Springer.
Discussion-3 (75words) - Comments
Innovation is vital to find new solutions to problems, increase quality, and improve profitability. However, none of the existing literature has yet considered the interrelationships between antecedents of innovation through BOLD. The findings show that almost all the variables fall within the linkage cluster, thus having high driving and dependence powers, demonstrating the volatility of the process. Although large volumes of raw open data published in an electronic format are machine-readable and can be shared online and re-used, on its own open data offers limited potential for decision making. It refers to the integration of diverse data, without predefined restrictions or conditions of use, to create new insights. Despite the complexities, research has not yet attempted to draw together the factors affecting innovation through BOLD. It was found that a main challenge of using BOLD to create smart cities is in identifying data sources and the availability of the data. The four identified mechanisms are transparency, participation, efficiency, and innovation.
However, the conceptual model is presented at a high level of abstraction, failing to account for interrelationships between individual factors, and is based on a single-case study. This panel discussion provides further foundations for the development of a conceptual model of innovation through BOLD. Therefore, ISM develops insight into the collective understanding of these relationships. Employed ISM to analyze the interactions among the barriers to total quality management implementation. The application of ISM typically forces managers to review perceived priorities and improves their understanding of the linkages among key concerns. Hence the steps involved in ISM method are as follows:
· Here the elements are identified which can be reliable to the problems occurred such that the group should be able to solve the problem where it yields the result to problem solving.
· The relationship between the variables as well as the contextual variables can be examined thoroughly.
· Here we may develop the structural functions of the elements that can indicate the pair-wise relations.
· Hence, they can be mostly reachable for the matric that can be transitive.
Therefore, social interaction among actors and the use of technology are both key aspects. Users may change over time and innovations will be shaped and reshaped based on input from different actors. The use of BOLD is a typical situation in which various stakeholders have different objectives; some might prefer transparency whereas others may want to keep data private as a strategic asset.
References
Agarwal, A., Shankar, R., & Tiwari, M. K. (2007). Modeling agility of supply chain. Industrial Marketing Management, 36(4), 443–457
Behkamal, B., Kahani, M., Bagheri, E., & Jeremic, Z. (2014). A metrics driven approach for quality assessment of linked open data. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research., 9(2), 64–79.
Dwivedi, Y., Weerakkody, V., Janssen, M., Millard, J., Hidders, J., Snijders, D., Rana, N. & Slade, E. (2015b). Driving innovation using big open linked data (BOLD) panel. Proceedings of the 14th IFIP WG 6.11 Conference on e-Business, e-Services, and e-Society. 13–15 October, Delft, The Netherlands.