Mid-term Short Essay
Ogak 2
Part I: Select 5 of the following terms and give an identification in a paragraph format for each (Try to include the 5 Ws=Who? What? When? Where? Why?-historical significance) (5 POINTS EACH)
95 Thesis
John Calvin
Columbian Exchange
St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
James II and the Glorious Revolution
Bishop Jacques-Benigne Bousset
Tokugama Ieyasu
Zheng He
Devshirme and Janissaries
Suleyman "the Magnificent"
Part II: Select one (1) of the following and answer in an essay format:
1. The Reformation reshaped Europe. In an essay explain what the Reformation was, identify the key participants, and discuss the ways in which it changed Christianity in Europe and sparked warfare among Protestants and Catholics. In addition, please cover the major events of the Reformation and its aftermath, including the Thirty Years War, during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. 2. During the seventeenth and the eighteenth centuries national governments in Europe grew more powerful. In this period absolute and parliamentary monarchies emerged as the dominant forms of national government. In an essay explain the differences between these two forms of government. In addition, please cite specific examples of such governments in England, the Netherlands, Austria, France, Prussia, and Russia. In addition, please discuss factors that facilitated the rise of absolute monarchies in some nations and the rise of parliamentary monarchies in others.